微服务环境搭建

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1. 案例准备

电商系统：搭建用户微服务，商品微服务，订单微服务

1.1 技术选型

maven：3.5+

数据库：mysql 5.7

持久层：MybatisPlus

其他：Spring Cloud Alibaba

1.2 模块设计

父工程：shop-parent

用户微服务：shop-user

商品微服务：shop-goods

订单微服务: shop-order

公共服务: shop-common

应用服务：shop-app

1.3 下单场景

用户下单，会涉及到用户微服务，商品微服务，订单微服务

1.4 搭建工程 1.4.1 创建父工程–>shop-parent



    4.0.0

    org.example
    shop-parent
    pom
    1.0-SNAPSHOT

    
        shop-user
        shop-goods
        shop-order
        shop-common
        shop-app
    

    
        11
        11
        
        Hoxton.SR9
        
        2.7.8
        4.0.1
        
        2.0.2
        2.2.5.RELEASE
    


    
        org.springframework.boot
        spring-boot-starter-parent
        2.2.5.RELEASE
    
    
    
        
            
                com.alibaba.cloud
                spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies
                ${spring.cloud.alibaba}
                pom
                import
            
            
                org.springframework.cloud
                spring-cloud-dependencies
                ${spring.cloud.version}
                pom
                import

1.4.2 创建common模块–>shop-comment



    
        shop-parent
        org.example
        1.0-SNAPSHOT
    
    4.0.0

    shop-common

    
        11
        11
    

    
        
            org.projectlombok
            lombok
        
        
            mysql
            mysql-connector-java

统一返回类：

package com.yf.common;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Result {

    private boolean success;

    private int code;

    private String msg;

    private T data;

    public static  Result success(T data) {
        return new Result<>(true,200,"success",data);
    }
    public static  Result  fail(int code, String msg) {
        return new Result<>( true,code,msg,null);
    }
}

1.4.3 创建用户微服务–>shop-user 1.4.3.1 XML



    
        shop-parent
        org.example
        1.0-SNAPSHOT
    
    4.0.0

    shop-user

    
        11
        11
    

    
        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-web
        
        
            org.example
            shop-common
            1.0-SNAPSHOT
        
        
            com.baomidou
            mybatis-plus-boot-starter
            3.4.3
        
        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-test
            test

1.4.3.2 启动类

package com.yf.shop.user;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class UserApp {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(UserApp.class,args);
    }

}

1.4.3.3 配置文件

application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: shop-user
  datasource:
    password: root
    username: root
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shop?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=UTC
server:
  port: 8001
  
mybatis-plus:
  global-config:
    db-config:
      table-prefix: shop_

1.4.3.4 User表

shop_user表：

CREATE TABLE `shop`.`shop_user`  (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `username` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
  `password` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
  `telephone` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
   `account` decimal(10, 2) NOT NULL COMMENT '账户',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_unicode_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

package com.yf.shop.user.pojo;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.IdType;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {

    //分布式id
    @TableId(type = IdType.ASSIGN_ID)
    private Long id;

    private String username;

    private String password;

    private String telephone;

    private BigDecimal account;
}

1.4.4 创建商品微服务–>shop-goods 1.4.4.1 XML



    
        shop-parent
        org.example
        1.0-SNAPSHOT
    
    4.0.0

    shop-goods

    
        11
        11
    

    
        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-web
        
        
            org.example
            shop-common
            1.0-SNAPSHOT
        
        
            com.baomidou
            mybatis-plus-boot-starter
            3.4.3
        
        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-test
            test

1.4.4.2 启动类

package com.yf.shop.goods;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class GoodsApp {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(GoodsApp.class);
    }
}

1.4.4.3 配置文件

application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: shop-goods
  datasource:
    password: root
    username: root
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shop?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=UTC
server:
  port: 8002

mybatis-plus:
  global-config:
    db-config:
      table-prefix: shop_

1.4.4.4 商品表

shop_goods表：

CREATE TABLE `shop`.`shop_goods`  (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `goods_name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '商品名称',
  `goods_price` decimal(10, 2) NOT NULL COMMENT '商品价格',
  `goods_stock` int(10) NOT NULL COMMENT '商品库存',
  `create_time` bigint(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_unicode_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

package com.yf.shop.goods.pojo;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.IdType;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import lombok.Data;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

@Data
public class Goods {

    @TableId(type = IdType.ASSIGN_ID)
    private Long id;

    private String goodsName;

    private BigDecimal goodsPrice;

    private Integer goodsStock;

    private Long createTime;
}

1.4.5 创建订单微服务–>shop-order 1.4.5.1 XML



    
        shop-parent
        org.example
        1.0-SNAPSHOT
    
    4.0.0

    shop-order

    
        11
        11
    

    
        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-web
        
        
            org.example
            shop-common
            1.0-SNAPSHOT
        
        
            com.baomidou
            mybatis-plus-boot-starter
            3.4.3
        
             
            org.apache.commons
            commons-lang3
            3.12.0
        
        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-test
            test

1.4.5.2 启动类

package com.yf.shop.order;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderApp {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderApp.class,args);
    }
}

1.4.5.3 配置文件

application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: shop-order
  datasource:
    password: root
    username: root
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shop?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=UTC
server:
  port: 8003

mybatis-plus:
  global-config:
    db-config:
      table-prefix: shop_

1.4.5.4 订单表

shop_order表：

CREATE TABLE `shop`.`shop_order`  (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `order_id` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
  `user_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `goods_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `order_price` decimal(10, 2) NOT NULL,
  `order_status` tinyint(4) NOT NULL,
  `pay_status` tinyint(4) NOT NULL,
  `pay_time` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `create_time` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_unicode_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

package com.yf.shop.order.pojo;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.IdType;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import lombok.Data;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

@Data
public class Order {

    @TableId(type = IdType.ASSIGN_ID)
    private Long id;

    private String orderId;

    private Long userId;

    private Long goodsId;

    private BigDecimal orderPrice;

    private Integer orderStatus;

    private Integer payStatus;

    private Long payTime;

    private Long createTime;


}

1.5 业务场景

下单服务：

前端传递用户id和商品id
1. 判断用户是否存在以及账户是否有足够的金额
2. 判断商品是否存在以及库存是否足够
3. 生成订单

1.5.1 创建APP模块 1.5.1.1 XML



    
        shop-parent
        org.example
        1.0-SNAPSHOT
    
    4.0.0

    shop-app

    
        11
        11
    
    
        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-web
        
        
            org.example
            shop-common
            1.0-SNAPSHOT
        
        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-test
            test

1.5.1.2 配置文件

spring:
  application:
    name: shop-app
server:
  port: 8004

1.5.1.3 启动类

package com.yf.shop.app;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class App {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(App.class,args);
    }
}

1.5.2 用户微服务提供用户查询服务 1.5.2.1 Dao层

package com.yf.shop.user.config;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.plugins.MybatisPlusInterceptor;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.plugins.inner.PaginationInnerInterceptor;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
@MapperScan("com.yf.shop.user.mapper")
public class MybatisPlusConfig {

    @Bean
    public MybatisPlusInterceptor mybatisPlusInterceptor(){
        MybatisPlusInterceptor mybatisPlusInterceptor = new MybatisPlusInterceptor();
        mybatisPlusInterceptor.addInnerInterceptor(new PaginationInnerInterceptor());
        return mybatisPlusInterceptor;
    }
}

package com.yf.shop.user.mapper;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.baseMapper;
import com.yf.shop.user.pojo.User;

public interface UserMapper extends baseMapper {
}

1.5.2.2 Service层

package com.yf.shop.user.service;

import com.yf.common.Result;

public interface UserService {

    Result findUser(Long id);
}

package com.yf.shop.user.service.impl;

import com.yf.common.Result;
import com.yf.common.user.UserBO;
import com.yf.shop.user.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.yf.shop.user.pojo.User;
import com.yf.shop.user.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

public class UserServiceImp implements UserService {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;

    @Override
    public Result findUser(Long id) {
        User user = userMapper.selectById(id);
        if (user == null){
            return Result.success(null);
        }
        UserBO userBO = new UserBO();
        userBO.setAccount(user.getAccount());
        userBO.setId(user.getId());
        return Result.success(userBO);
    }

}

common模块下：

package com.yf.common.user;

import lombok.Data;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

@Data
public class UserBO {

    private Long id;

    private BigDecimal account;


}

1.5.2.3 Controller

package com.yf.shop.user.controller;

import com.yf.common.Result;
import com.yf.shop.user.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("user")
public class UserController {

    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @GetMapping("findUser/{id}")
    public Result findUser(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        return userService.findUser(id);
    }
}

1.5.3 商品微服务，提供商品查询服务 1.5.3.1 Dao层

package com.yf.shop.user.config;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.plugins.MybatisPlusInterceptor;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.plugins.inner.PaginationInnerInterceptor;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
@MapperScan("com.yf.shop.goods.mapper")
public class MybatisPlusConfig {

    @Bean
    public MybatisPlusInterceptor mybatisPlusInterceptor(){
        MybatisPlusInterceptor mybatisPlusInterceptor = new MybatisPlusInterceptor();
        mybatisPlusInterceptor.addInnerInterceptor(new PaginationInnerInterceptor());
        return mybatisPlusInterceptor;
    }
}

package com.yf.shop.goods.mapper;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.baseMapper;
import com.yf.shop.goods.pojo.Goods;

public interface GoodsMapper extends baseMapper {
}

1.5.3.2 Service层

package com.yf.shop.goods.service;

import com.yf.common.Result;

public interface GoodsService {

    Result findGoodsById(Long id);
}

package com.yf.shop.goods.service.impl;

import com.yf.common.Result;
import com.yf.common.goods.GoodsBO;
import com.yf.shop.goods.mapper.GoodsMapper;
import com.yf.shop.goods.pojo.Goods;
import com.yf.shop.goods.service.GoodsService;
import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class GoodsServiceImpl implements GoodsService {

    @Autowired
    private GoodsMapper goodsMapper;

    @Override
    public Result findGoodsById(Long id) {
        Goods goods = goodsMapper.selectById(id);
        GoodsBO goodsBO = new GoodsBO();
        BeanUtils.copyProperties(goods,goodsBO);
        return Result.success(goodsBO);
    }
}

package com.yf.common.goods;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class GoodsBO {

    private Long id;

    private String goodsName;

    private BigDecimal goodsPrice;

    private Integer goodsStock;
}

1.5.3.3 Controller层

package com.yf.shop.goods.controller;

import com.yf.common.Result;
import com.yf.shop.goods.service.GoodsService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("goods")
public class GoodsController {

    @Autowired
    private GoodsService goodsService;

    @GetMapping("findGoods/{id}")
    public Result findGoods(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        return goodsService.findGoodsById(id);
    }
}

1.5.4 订单微服务，提供生成订单服务 1.5.4.1 Dao层

package com.yf.shop.order.config;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.plugins.MybatisPlusInterceptor;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.plugins.inner.PaginationInnerInterceptor;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
@MapperScan("com.yf.shop.order.mapper")
public class MybatisPlusConfig {

    @Bean
    public MybatisPlusInterceptor mybatisPlusInterceptor(){
        MybatisPlusInterceptor mybatisPlusInterceptor = new MybatisPlusInterceptor();
        mybatisPlusInterceptor.addInnerInterceptor(new PaginationInnerInterceptor());
        return mybatisPlusInterceptor;
    }
}

package com.yf.shop.order.mapper;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.baseMapper;
import com.yf.shop.order.pojo.Order;

public interface OrderMapper extends baseMapper {
}

1.5.4.2 Service层

package com.yf.shop.order.service;

import com.yf.common.Result;
import com.yf.common.order.params.OrderParams;

public interface OrderService {

    public Result createOrder(OrderParams orderParams);
}

package com.yf.shop.order.service.impl;

import com.yf.common.Result;
import com.yf.shop.order.mapper.OrderMapper;
import com.yf.common.params.OrderParams;
import com.yf.shop.order.pojo.Order;
import com.yf.shop.order.service.OrderService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.RandomUtils;

@Service
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {

    @Autowired
    private OrderMapper orderMapper;

    @Override
    public Result createOrder(OrderParams orderParams) {
        Order order = new Order();
        order.setCreateTime(System.currentTimeMillis());
        order.setGoodsId(orderParams.getGoodsId());
        order.setUserId(orderParams.getUserId());
        order.setOrderPrice(orderParams.getGoodsPrice());
        order.setOrderId(System.currentTimeMillis()+""+orderParams.getUserId()+ ""+RandomUtils.nextInt(1000,9999));
        order.setOrderStatus(0);
        order.setPayStatus(0);
        order.setPayTime(-1L);
        this.orderMapper.insert(order);
        return Result.success(order.getOrderId());
    }
}

common模块

package com.yf.common.params;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.IdType;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import lombok.Data;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

@Data
public class OrderParams {
    @TableId(type = IdType.ASSIGN_ID)
    private Long id;

    private String orderId;

    private Long userId;

    private Long goodsId;

    private BigDecimal orderPrice;

    private BigDecimal GoodsPrice;

}

1.5.4.3 Controller

package com.yf.shop.order.controller;

import com.yf.common.Result;

import com.yf.common.params.OrderParams;
import com.yf.shop.order.service.OrderService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("order")
public class OrderController {

    @Autowired
    private OrderService orderService;

    @PostMapping("createOrder")
    public Result createOrder(@RequestBody OrderParams orderParams){
        return orderService.createOrder(orderParams);
    }
}

1.5.5 下单业务

 
            com.alibaba
            fastjson
            1.2.76

1.5.5.1 Controller

package com.yf.shop.app.controller;

import com.yf.common.Result;
import com.yf.shop.app.model.params.BuyParams;
import com.yf.shop.app.service.BuyService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("buy")
public class BuyController {

    @Autowired
    private BuyService buyService;

    @PostMapping("submit")
    private Result submitOrder(@RequestBody BuyParams buyParams){
        return buyService.submitOrder(buyParams);
    }
}

package com.yf.shop.app.model.params;

import lombok.Data;

@Data
public class BuyParams {

    private Long userId;

    private Long goodsId;
}

1.5.5.2 Service

package com.yf.shop.app.service;

import com.yf.common.Result;
import com.yf.shop.app.model.params.BuyParams;

public interface BuyService {
    Result submitOrder(BuyParams buyParams);
}

package com.yf.shop.app.service.impl;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.TypeReference;
import com.yf.common.Result;
import com.yf.common.goods.GoodsBO;
import com.yf.common.order.params.OrderParams;
import com.yf.common.user.UserBO;
import com.yf.shop.app.model.params.BuyParams;
import com.yf.shop.app.service.BuyService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.Map;

@Service
public class BuyServiceImpl implements BuyService {
    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Override
    public Result submitOrder(BuyParams buyParams) {
        String userResult = restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8001/user/findUser/" + buyParams.getUserId(), String.class);
        Result userBOResult = JSON.parseObject(userResult,new TypeReference>(){});
        if (userBOResult == null || !userBOResult.isSuccess() || userBOResult.getData() == null){
            return Result.fail(10001,"用户不存在");
        }
        UserBO userBO = userBOResult.getData();

        String goodsResult = restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8002/goods/findGoods/" + buyParams.getGoodsId(), String.class);
        Result goodsBOResult = JSON.parseObject(goodsResult,new TypeReference>(){});

        if (goodsBOResult == null || !goodsBOResult.isSuccess() || goodsBOResult.getData() == null){
            return Result.fail(10002,"商品不存在");
        }
        GoodsBO goodsBO = (GoodsBO) goodsBOResult.getData();
        Integer goodsStock = goodsBO.getGoodsStock();
        if (goodsStock < 0){
            return Result.fail(10003,"商品库存不足");
        }
        BigDecimal goodsPrice = goodsBO.getGoodsPrice();
        BigDecimal account = userBO.getAccount();
        if (account.compareTo(goodsPrice) < 0){
            return Result.fail(10004,"余额不足");
        }
        OrderParams orderParams = new OrderParams();
        orderParams.setUserId(userBO.getId());
        orderParams.setGoodsId(goodsBO.getId());
        orderParams.setGoodsPrice(goodsBO.getGoodsPrice());
        String orderResult = restTemplate.postForObject("http://localhost:8003/order/createOrder", orderParams, String.class);
        Result orderResultString = JSON.parseObject(orderResult,new TypeReference>(){});
        if (orderResultString == null || !orderResultString.isSuccess()){
            return Result.fail(10005,"下单失败");
        }
        String orderId =  orderResultString.getData();

        return Result.success(orderId);
    }
}

1.5.5.3 测试

{
    "success": true,
    "code": 200,
    "msg": "success",
    "data": "162384788039011376"
}

从上述的代码可以看出，下单业务调用各个微服务的时候极其不方便。

一旦服务提供方更改ip，端口，接口名称等，服务消费方也需要跟着变

如果服务提供方有多台服务器呢？服务消费方还得需要维护这些ip信息，甚至自己实现负载均衡。

这时候就需要服务治理。

接下来还会写几篇博客来介绍什么是服务治理和Spring Cloud Alibaba Nacos介绍以及Nacos实战项目

微服务环境搭建

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