Windows下RabbitMQ安装及入门

1. 下载erlang：http://www.erlang.org/downloads

   RabbitMQ服务端使用并发式语言erlang编写

2. 创建ERLANG_HOME环境变量

   环境变量指向erlang的安装目录，将%ERLANG_HOME%bin加入到Path中

   
   

3. 验证erlang安装

   输入erl 出现erlang的版本信息表示erlang语言环境安装成功

4. 下载RabbitMQ：http://www.rabbitmq.com/

   默认的安装目录是C:/Program Files/....，这个目录中是存在空格符的
   RabbitMQ安装目录最好不要有空格，可以改变安装目录

5. 验证RabbitMQ安装

   1. 命令行进入RabbitMQ的安装目录: cd rabbitmq_server-3.5.2sbin
   2. 输入rabbitmqctl status, 如果出现以下的图，说明安装成功，并且RabbitMQ Server已经启动运行正常。

   	C:Program FilesRabbitMQ Serverrabbitmq_server-3.6.5sbin>rabbitmqctl status Status of node 'rabbit@Lifeix-pc' ... [{pid,9788}, 
   	{running_applications,[{rabbit,"RabbitMQ","3.6.5"}, {mnesia,"MNESIA CXC 138 12","4.12.1"}, {os_mon,"CPO CXC 138 
   	46","2.2.15"}, {rabbit_common,[],"3.6.5"}, {xmerl,"XML parser","1.3.7"}, {ranch,"Socket acceptor pool for TCP protocols.", "1.2.1"}, 
   	{sasl,"SASL CXC 138 11","2.4"}, {stdlib,"ERTS CXC 138 10","2.1"}, {kernel,"ERTS CXC 138 10","3.0.1"}]}, {os,{win32,nt}}, 
   	{erlang_version,"Erlang/OTP 17 [erts-6.1] [64-bit] [smp:4:4] [async-threads:64]n"}, {memory,[{total,48083008}, 
   	{connection_readers,0}, {connection_writers,0}, {connection_channels,0}, {connection_other,0}, {queue_procs,2704}, 
   	{queue_slave_procs,0}, {plugins,0}, {other_proc,22122752}, {mnesia,61640}, {mgmt_db,0}, {msg_index,51952}, 
   	{other_ets,979696}, {binary,23264}, {code,19851942}, {atom,711569}, {other_system,4277489}]}, {alarms,[]}, {listeners,
   	[{clustering,25672,"::"},{amqp,5672,"::"},{amqp,5672,"0.0.0.0"}]}, {vm_memory_high_watermark,0.4}, 
   	{vm_memory_limit,6851372646}, {disk_free_limit,50000000}, {disk_free,1131212800}, {file_descriptors,[{total_limit,8092}, 
   	{total_used,2}, {sockets_limit,7280}, {sockets_used,0}]}
   

6. 安装 RabbitMQ-Plugins

   相当于管理界面，方便在浏览器界面查看RabbitMQ各个消息队列以及exchange的工作情况
   安装方法：

   1. 打开命令行cd进入rabbitmq的sbin目录(如：E:softwarerabbitmqrabbitmq_server-3.6.5sbin)
   2. 输入：rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management命令，稍等会出现plugins安装成功的提示，默认是安装6个插件。

7. 如果出现了下面的错误：

   解决方法：
   1. 命令行输入：rabbitmq-service stop
   2. 输入rabbitmq-service remove
   3. 输入rabbitmq-service install
   4. 输入rabbitmq-service start
   5. 重新输入rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management

8. 验证

   插件安装完后，在浏览器输入http://localhost:15672验证

   用户名：guest，密码：guest

• producer：消息生产者

• consumer：消息消费者

• virtual host：虚拟主机

  在RabbitMQ中，用户只能在虚拟主机的层面上进行一些权限设置，比如我可以访问哪些队列，我可以处理哪些请求等等；

• broker：消息转发者

  • 转发规则
    • exchange：交换机

      和producer直接进行打交道的，类似于路由器的功能，主要就是进行转发操作，producer到底用哪个exchange进行路由？取决于routing key(路由键)，每个消息都有这个键（可以设定）其实就是一字符串

    • queue：消息队列

      用于存放消息，接收exchange路由过来的消息，可以对队列内容进行持久化操作，queue接收哪个exchange路由的消息？需要用到binding key(绑定键)，绑定键会将队列和exchange进行绑定，RabbitMQ提供了多种绑定方式

• 这些概念间的关系

producer(生产者)端步骤：

1. 创建ConnectionFactory，设置一些参数，如hostname,portNumber等
2. 利用ConnectionFactory创建一个Connection连接
3. 利用Connection创建一个Channel通道
4. 创建queue和Channel进行绑定
5. 创建消息，发送到队列中

注意，当前没有用到exchange交换机，我们没有创建exchange时，RabbitMQ会创建一个默认的空字符串（exchange）并使用这个exchange

public class Sender {  
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "MyQueue";  
      
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        send();  
    }  
      
    public static void send()  
    {  
         ConnectionFactory factory = null;  
         Connection connection = null;  
         Channel channel = null;  
         try {  
             factory = new ConnectionFactory();  
             factory.setHost("localhost");  
             connection = factory.newConnection();  
             channel = connection.createChannel();  
             channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);  
             String message = "my first message .....";  
             channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes("UTF-8"));  
             System.out.println("已经发送消息....."+message);  
         } catch (IOException e) {  
             e.printStackTrace();  
         } catch (TimeoutException e) {  
             e.printStackTrace();  
         }finally{  
             try {  
                 //关闭资源  
                 channel.close();  
                 connection.close();  
             } catch (IOException e) {  
                 e.printStackTrace();  
             } catch (TimeoutException e) {  
                 e.printStackTrace();  
             }  
         }  
     }  
 }  

consumer(消费者)端步骤：

1. 创建ConnectionFactory，设置参数，如hostname,portNumber等
2. 利用ConnectionFactory创建一个Connection连接
3. 利用Connection创建一个Channel通道
4. 将queue和Channel进行绑定

   注意这里的queue名字要和前面producer创建的queue一致

5. 创建消费者Consumer来接收消息，同时将消费者和queue进行绑定

 public class Receiver {  
     private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "MyQueue";  
       
     public static void main(String[] args) {  
         receive();  
     }  
       
     public static void receive()  
     {  
         ConnectionFactory factory = null;  
         Connection connection = null;  
         Channel channel = null;  
           
         try {  
             factory = new ConnectionFactory();  
             factory.setHost("localhost");  
             connection = factory.newConnection();  
             channel = connection.createChannel();  
             channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);  
             Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){  
                 @Override  
                 public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties,  
                         byte[] body) throws IOException {  
                     System.out.println("11111111111");  
                     String message = new String(body, "UTF-8");  
                     System.out.println("收到消息....."+message);  
                 }};  
             channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true,consumer);  
         } catch (IOException e) {  
             e.printStackTrace();  
         } catch (TimeoutException e) {  
             e.printStackTrace();  
         }finally{  
             try {  
                 //关闭资源  
                 channel.close();  
                 connection.close();  
             } catch (IOException e) {  
                 e.printStackTrace();  
             } catch (TimeoutException e) {  
                 e.printStackTrace();  
             }  
         }  
     }  
 }