ABAP小技巧

 目录

1、OP ALV转 OO ALV

2、字符串替换

3、跳转事务携带参数

4、下拉函数

5、快捷增加去除前导零

6、增加进度提示

7、F4搜索帮助

8、Dialog下拉框

9、编号自增长

10、生产订单的状态

11、连续打印

12、MODULE STATUS排除状态栏

13、退出标准程序回到初始页(例如VA02删除销售订单不允许，回到VA02页面)

14、通过编号找到描述表

15、F9找增强

16、标准类找BADI

17、获取ALV筛选后的数据

18、激活SAP Getway

20、打开GUI键值对匹配

21、数据批量导出Excel，乱行

22、多条错误信息提示框显示

23、在生产机和测试机修改代码(慎用)

24、F4IF_INT_TABLE_VALUE_REQUEST不显示值

25、SmartForms语言翻译

26、标准屏幕上增强获取操作码

27、转JSON串方法，KEY大写或小写

28、ListBox下拉框去掉空白行

29、增强里提示信息

30、submit调用传值

31、报表设置变式，动态日期设置

32、Editor提示框

33、根据表达式替换

34、AlV级别下拉框

35、UUID

36、查询字符在字符串最后的位置

37、获取用户人员和地址编号

38、错误信息捕获

39、选择屏幕上输入参数不转换大写

40、ALV排序

41、ALV TOP OF PAGE

42、传输请求DUMP，查看信息

1、OP ALV转 OO ALV

1、check后获取内容和屏幕不一致
data:o_alv type REF TO cl_gui_alv_grid.

在user_command下
   CALL FUNCTION 'GET_GLOBALS_FROM_SLVC_FULLSCR'
    importING
      e_grid = o_alv.

   CALL METHOD o_alv->check_changed_data
*    importING
*      e_valid   =
*    CHANGING
*      c_refresh = 'X'

即可解决

2、在op alv输出之前就转成oo alv

FORM frm_init_events .
  CLEAR:gt_events,gs_events.
  gs_events-name = 'CALLER_EXIT'.
  gs_events-form = 'FRM_CALLER_EXIT'.
  APPEND gs_events TO gt_events.
ENDFORM.

FORM frm_caller_exit USING ls_data TYPE slis_data_caller_exit.
  data: o_alv TYPE REF TO cl_gui_alv_grid.
  CALL FUNCTION 'GET_GLOBALS_FROM_SLVC_FULLSCR'
    importING
      e_grid = o_alv.
ENDFORM.

2、字符串替换

data: lv_str type string value '123,456,789.000'.

REPLACe ALL OCCURRENCES OF ',' IN lv_str WITH space.

3、跳转事务携带参数

1.如果是选择屏幕无法通过SET PARAMETER携带参数则用SUBMIT
SUBMIT pp_pick_list  VIA SELECTION-SCREEN   "停留屏幕
          WITH s_matnr IN lr_matnr
          WITH s_aufnr IN lr_aufnr AND RETURN. "返回后回到现在的页面

2.直接通过Call Transction
CALL TRANSACTION 'CO03' AND SKIP FIRST SCREEN.

4、下拉函数

  1、在POV事件里设置
  CALL FUNCTION 'F4IF_INT_TABLE_VALUE_REQUEST'
    EXPORTING
      retfield         = 'KEY' "指明内表那一列作为值
      dynpprog         = sy-repid
      dynpnr           = sy-dynnr
      dynprofield      = 'P_LIST' "将内表显示在屏幕字段
      value_org        = 'S' "C表示cell，S表示structure
      multiple_choice  = ''  "多项选择，用于SELECT-OPTIONS
      display          = ''  "C则只能显示，不能选择
      callback_program = sy-repid
    TABLES
      value_tab        = lt_list
    EXCEPTIONS
      parameter_error  = 1
      no_values_found  = 2
      OTHERS           = 3.
  
  2、在FORM里设置
  data:LIST  TYPE VRM_VALUES , "list box的值列表
        VALUE LIKE LINE OF LIST . "list box的结构
  VALUE-KEY = '01'.
  VALUE-TEXT = '修改'.
  APPEND VALUE TO LIST .
  VALUE-KEY = '02'.
  VALUE-TEXT = '显示'.
  APPEND VALUE TO LIST .
  "调用函数展示
  CALL FUNCTION 'VRM_SET_VALUES'
    EXPORTING
      ID     = 'P_CZ'
      VALUES = LIST.

5、快捷增加去除前导零

"增加前导0
data: ls_matnr TYPE matnr VALUE '15000042'.
DATA(ls_in_matnr) = |{ ls_matnr ALPHA = IN }|.
WRITE: ls_in_matnr.  "示例结果：000000000015000042

"删除前导0
data: gs_matnr TYPE matnr VALUE '000000000015000042'.
DATA(gs_out_matnr) = |{ gs_matnr ALPHA = OUT }|.
WRITE:/ gs_out_matnr.  "示例结果：15000042

6、增加进度提示

DO 1000 TIMES.
  LV_PERCENTAGE = sy-index / 1000.
  DATA(lv_temp) = | { sy-index } / 1000 '正在处理，耐心等候' |.
  CALL FUNCTION 'SAPGUI_PROGRESS_INDICATOR'
    EXPORTING
      percentage = LV_PERCENTAGE
      text       = lv_temp.
ENDDO.

7、F4搜索帮助

AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON VALUE-REQUEST FOR s_lifex-low.
  PERFORM frm_get_lifex_f4_help USING 'S_LIFEX-LOW'.

AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON VALUE-REQUEST FOR s_lifex-high.
  PERFORM frm_get_lifex_f4_help USING 'S_LIFEX-HIGH'.

FORM frm_get_lifex_f4_help  USING p_field TYPE help_info-dynprofld.
  data: BEGIN OF lt_value  OCCURS 0,
           lifex TYPE likp-lifex,
         END OF lt_value.
  SELECT lifex INTO TABLE lt_value[] FROM likp WHERe lifex NE ''.


  CALL FUNCTION 'F4IF_INT_TABLE_VALUE_REQUEST'
    EXPORTING
      retfield         = 'LIFEX'
      dynpprog         = sy-repid
      dynpnr           = sy-dynnr
      dynprofield      = p_field "显示在哪个控件上
      value_org        = 'S'
      callback_program = sy-repid
    TABLES
      value_tab        = lt_value[].

ENDFORM.

Dialog：
PROCESS ON VALUE-REQUEST.
   FIELD GV_ZDBDH MODULE F4_HELP_ZDBDH.

8、Dialog下拉框

  DATA lt_values TYPE vrm_values WITH HEADER LINE.

  CLEAR lt_values.
  lt_values-key = 'A'.
  lt_values-text = '销售部'.
  APPEND lt_values.

  CLEAR lt_values.
  lt_values-key = 'B'.
  lt_values-text = '市场部'.
  APPEND lt_values.

  CALL FUNCTION 'VRM_SET_VALUES'
    EXPORTING
      id              = 'GV_DROpDOWN'    "dialog控件名
      values          = lt_values[]
    EXCEPTIONS
      id_illegal_name = 1
      OTHERS          = 2.

9、编号自增长

T-CODE：SNRO

间隔：
    编号长度域：NUMC10
    % 警告：99.0

定制：
    缓冲：无缓冲

Function

data: LV_NUMBER TYPE I.
CALL FUNCTION 'NUMBER_GET_NEXT'
  EXPORTING
    nr_range_nr                   = '02'        "编号
    object                        = 'YTEST001'  "对象名称
    QUANTITY                      = '1'
 importING
   NUMBER                        = LV_NUMBER
 EXCEPTIONS
   INTERVAL_NOT_FOUND            = 1
   NUMBER_RANGE_NOT_INTERN       = 2
   OBJECT_NOT_FOUND              = 3
   QUANTITY_IS_0                 = 4
   QUANTITY_IS_NOT_1             = 5
   INTERVAL_OVERFLOW             = 6
   BUFFER_OVERFLOW               = 7
   OTHERS                        = 8

10、生产订单的状态

表：TJ02
关联状态表：JEST

11、连续打印

LV_CONTROL_PARAMETERS TYPE SSFCTRLOP

在循环打印中
    AT FIRST.
      LV_CONTROL_PARAMETERS-NO_CLOSE = 'X'.
    ENDAT.
    AT LAST.
      LV_CONTROL_PARAMETERS-NO_CLOSE = SPACE.
    ENDAT.

在循环最后
    LV_CONTROL_PARAMETERS-NO_OPEN = 'X'.

12、MODULE STATUS排除状态栏

  data:fcodes TYPE  TABLE OF fcode .
  CLEAR fcodes .
  IF rb_sea EQ 'X' .
    APPEND 'CHANGE' TO fcodes .
  ELSEIF rb_mod EQ 'X' .
    APPEND 'DELETE' TO fcodes .
  ELSEIF rb_del EQ 'X' .
    APPEND 'CHANGE' TO fcodes .
  ENDIF .
  "添加EXCLUDING排除按钮
  SET PF-STATUS 'STATUS_0100' EXCLUDING fcodes .
  SET TITLEBAR 'TITLE0100'.

13、退出标准程序回到初始页(例如VA02删除销售订单不允许，回到VA02页面)

LEAVE TO TRANSACTION SY-TCODE.

14、通过编号找到描述表

找到对应的域元素
点进去
点击值范围
点击值表
点击头部转到->文本表

15、F9找增强

CALL CUSTOMER-FUNCTION
CALL BADI
GET BADI
CALL METHOD

一代增强：在程序的子例程里，以UserExit开头的程序
二代增强：通过Customer-Function调用，以Exit_程序名_xxx 命名
         在表里MODSAP里通过出口函数找增强名称
三代增强：通过Call Badi打断点来查找，或者在类CL_EXITHANDLER里的get_instance方法打断点

16、标准类找BADI

CL_EXITHANDLER=>GET INSTANCE

17、获取ALV筛选后的数据

data: lc_grid TYPE REF TO cl_gui_alv_grid,
      lv_FIDX TYPE lvc_t_fidx.

CALL FUNCTION 'GET_GLOBALS_FROM_SLVC_FULLSCR'
  importING
    e_grid = lc_grid.

CALL METHOD lc_grid->check_changed_data.

"获取被筛选掉的数据索引内表
CALL METHOD lc_grid->get_filtered_entries
  importING
    et_filtered_entries = lv_FIDX.

18、激活SAP Getway

20、打开GUI键值对匹配

21、数据批量导出Excel，乱行

假设导出10W行数据
    在第98000行乱行
        则需要重新导出 index：98000 - 100000
            不然数据会缺少

22、多条错误信息提示框显示

data: gt_error TYPE esp1_message_tab_type,
      gs_error LIKE LINE OF gt_error.

MSGID：消息号    例如 ZMM
MSGTY：消息类型  例如 E
MSGNO：消息号    例如 009
MSGV1：消息1
MSGV2：消息2
MSGV3：消息3
MSGV4：消息4
LINENO ：显示序号

     CALL FUNCTION 'C14Z_MESSAGES_SHOW_AS_POPUP'
       TABLES
         i_message_tab = gt_error.

23、在生产机和测试机修改代码(慎用)

data:BEGIN OF itab OCCURS 0,

       line(200) TYPE c,         "如果代码中某行大于了200个字符，请重新设定值，

     END OF itab.

PARAMETERS: progname(120).       "程序名称

READ REPORT progname INTO itab.  "把指定的程序读取到内表

EDITOR-CALL FOR itab.            "对内表数据进行修改（即代码进入编辑状态)

INSERT REPORT progname FROM itab."把修改后的程序插回sap

24、F4IF_INT_TABLE_VALUE_REQUEST不显示值

原因：数据源里的字段不能用C，需要参考数据元素

25、SmartForms语言翻译

SE63->->->

26、标准屏幕上增强获取操作码

FCODE
SY-UCOMM

27、转JSON串方法，KEY大写或小写

/ui2/cl_json=>pretty_mode-none          " 大写
/ui2/cl_json=>pretty_mode-low_case      " 小写
/ui2/cl_json=>pretty_mode-camel_case    " 驼峰

lv_json_str = /ui2/cl_json=>serialize( data = ls_send
                                       pretty_name = /ui2/cl_json=>pretty_mode-low_case ).

28、ListBox下拉框去掉空白行

1、选择屏幕 设置必输即可 OBLIGATORY
2、普通dialog 设置 required

29、增强里提示信息

有的标准增强里，无法输出MESSAGE
可以用FM:
        CALL FUNCTION 'POPUP_TO_DISPLAY_TEXT'
          EXPORTING
            titel     = '提示'
            textline1 = 'XXX'
*           TEXTLINE2 = ' '
*           start_column = 25
*           start_row = 6
          .

30、submit调用传值

1、传输paramaters参数
submit report with p_werks = '1000'

2、传输select-options参数
data: lt_seltab TYPE TABLE OF rsparams,
      ls_seltab LIKE LINE OF lt_seltab.

"也可传参paramater，kind = P
ls_seltab-selname = 'S_WERKS'.
ls_seltab-kind    = 'S'.
ls_seltab-sign    = 'I'.
ls_seltab-option  = 'EQ'.
ls_seltab-low     = '1000'.
ls_seltab-high    = '2000'.
append ls_seltab to lt_seltab.

"传输参数
submit report with selection-table lt_seltab.

3、paramater和select-options结合
submit report with p_werks = '1000'
              with selection-table = lt_seltab

4、调用完后，返回到当前程序
submit report and return

5、调用程序，跳过选择屏幕
submit report via selection-screen

6、调用程序，指定变式
submit report using selection-set 'variant'

7、调用程序，将结果写在内存里返回到当前程序
submit report exporting list to memory

使用FM:LIST_FROM_MEMORY和LIST_TO_ASCI接收alv参数


  

31、报表设置变式，动态日期设置

还可以设置当前日期的前几天，后几天，范围等等

32、Editor提示框

CALL FUNCTION 'ADA_POPUP_WITH_TABLE'
   EXPORTING
     startpos_col = 1
     startpos_row = 1
   TABLES
     valuetab     = lt_mes.

33、根据表达式替换

" 将 lv_batch 里的所有字母替换成 *
REPLACE ALL OCCURRENCES OF REGEX '[A-Z]' IN lv_batch WITH '*'.

34、AlV级别下拉框

使用OO ALV即可简单实现，标准例子：BCALV_EDIT_06、BCALV_EDIT_07

1、LVC_S_FCAT-drdn_hndl = '1'.

两种都可实现:
1.1
data: gt_ddval TYPE lvc_t_dral,
      gs_ddval TYPE lvc_s_dral.

gs_ddval-handle = '1'.
gs_ddval-value = 'ABC'.
APPEND gs_ddval TO gt_ddval.

CALL METHOD o_alv->set_drop_down_table
  EXPORTING
    it_drop_down_alias = gt_ddval.

1.2
data: gt_dropdown TYPE lvc_t_drop,
      gs_dropdown TYPE lvc_s_drop.

gs_dropdown -handle = '1'.
gs_dropdown -value = 'ABC'.
APPEND gs_dropdown TO gt_dropdown .

CALL METHOD o_alv->set_drop_down_table
  EXPORTING
    it_drop_down = gt_dropdown .

        

35、UUID

    TRY.
        CALL METHOD CL_SYSTEM_UUID=>IF_SYSTEM_UUID_STATIC~CREATE_UUID_C32
          RECEIVING
            UUID = LV_UUID.

      CATCH CX_UUID_ERROR .
    ENDTRY.

36、查询字符在字符串最后的位置

data: moff TYPE i,
      mlen TYPE i,
      mcnt TYPE i.

FIND ALL OCCURRENCES OF 'X'
     IN Str
       MATCH OFFSET moff     "最后一次出现位置
       MATCH LENGTH mlen   "匹配字符长度
       MATCH COUNT  mcnt.  " 计数匹配次数

37、获取用户人员和地址编号

函数：ICL_USER_PERSNUMBER_GET

38、错误信息捕获

LOOP AT lt_return INTO ls_return WHERe type = 'EAX'.
   lv_msg  = lv_msg && ls_return-message.
ENDLOOP.

loop at i_messtab where msgtyp = 'E' or msgtyp = 'A'.
    call function 'MESSAGE_TEXT_BUILD'
      exporting
        msgid               = i_messtab-msgid
        msgnr               = i_messtab-msgnr
        msgv1               = i_messtab-msgv1
        msgv2               = i_messtab-msgv2
        msgv3               = i_messtab-msgv3
        msgv4               = i_messtab-msgv4
      importing
        message_text_output = lv_msg.
endloop.

MESSAGE ID sy-msgid TYPE sy-msgty NUMBER sy-msgno
     INTO lv_msg
     WITH sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.

39、选择屏幕上输入参数不转换大写

在后面加lower case即可

40、ALV排序

GS_SORT-FIELDNAME = 'XXX'.
GS_SORT-UP = 'X'.  " UP升序 DOWN降序
APPEND GS_SORT TO GT_SORT.

41、ALV TOP OF PAGE

I_CALLBACK_TOP_OF_PAGE  =  'FRM_TOP_OF_PAGE'

FORM FRM_TOP_OF_PAGE.
    data: GT_PAGE TYPE SLIS_T_LISTHEADER,
          GS_PAGE TYPE SLIS_LISTHEADER.

    CLEAR GS_PAGE.
    GS_PAGE-TYP  = 'H'.
    GS_PAGE-INFO  = '抬头文本'
    APPEND GS_PAGE TO GT_PAGE.

    CLEAR GS_PAGE.
    GS_PAGE-TYP  = 'S'.
    GS_PAGE-KEY  = '黑体关键字'.
    GS_PAGE-INFO = '文本信息'.
    APPEND GS_PAGE TO GT_PAGE.

    CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_COMMENTARY_WRITE'
        EXPORTING
          IT_LIST_COMMENTARY = GT_PAGE.

ENDFORM.

42、传输请求DUMP，查看信息