django 实现文件上传并保存

from django.db import models

class UploadFile(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(verbose_name="图片标题", max_length=50)
    path = models.FileField(upload_to='files/')

from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse
from .models import UploadFile

def upload_file(request):
    if request.method == "POST":
        up_file = request.FILES.get('upload_file')
        UploadFile(title=up_file.name, path=up_file).save()
        return HttpResponse('success')
    else:
        return render(request, "blog/upload_file.html")

• enctype="multipart/form-data"
• name="upload_file" 与 request.FILES.get('upload_file') 名字对应

    

        {% csrf_token %}
        

            上传文件
            

                
            
        
        

        
提交文件 
    

• 指定上传文件保存路径的根目录

MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(base_DIR, 'upload')

from django.urls import path
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('uploadfile/', views.upload_file, name="upload_file"),

]

实现保存的文件与 request 内容相关

def upload_file(request):
    if request.method == "POST":
        up_file = request.FILES.get('upload_file')
        UploadFile(title=up_file.name, path=up_file).save(request=request)
        return HttpResponse('success')
    else:
        return render(request, "blog/upload_file.html")

函数默认会传入

• instance 为 UploadFile 实例
• filename 为文件名

from django.db import models

def upload_path(instance, filename):
    print(instance.rq)
    print(filename)
    return "files/"

class UploadFile(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(verbose_name="图片标题", max_length=50)
    path = models.FileField(upload_to=upload_path)
    rq = None

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        UploadFile.rq = kwargs.pop("request")
        print(UploadFile.rq)
        super().save(*args, **kwargs)

• 对模型添加设置与获取 request 的方法

from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse
from .models import UploadFile

def upload_file(request):
    if request.method == "POST":
        up_file = request.FILES.get('upload_file')
        f = UploadFile(title=up_file.name, path=up_file)
        f.set_request(request)
        f.save()
        return HttpResponse('success')
    else:
        return render(request, "blog/upload_file.html")

from django.db import models

def upload_path(instance, filename):
    print(instance.get_request().method)
    print(filename)
    return "files/"

class UploadFile(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(verbose_name="图片标题", max_length=50)
    path = models.FileField(upload_to=upload_path)

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().save(*args, **kwargs)

    def set_request(self, request):
        self.request = request

    def get_request(self):
        return self.request

• 利用 django 静态文件特性，保存上传文件到静态文件目录下，利用静态文件下载功能实现

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
   os.path.join(base_DIR, 'static')
]
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(base_DIR, 'static')

下载界面

    {% for file_obj in file_list %}
    

        {{ file_obj.title }}
    
    {% endfor %}

• 保存到 media 目录，需要配置路由，path 会自动传入 serve 作为参数

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.urls import path
from django.views.static import serve

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^media/(?P.*)', serve, {"document_root": settings.MEDIA_ROOT}),
]

• 保存到 media 目录

urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)