移动端H5页面制作规范

计量单位的使用

css的计量单位有三种选择：

px: 固定的相素值
em: 相对父级元素的font-size设置来作为当前元素1em所代表的像素值，如父节点的font-size:10px，当前节点的font-size:1.2em,则当前节点的font-size实为12px;
rem：相对根节点html的font-size设置来作为当前元素1rem所代表的像素值，与em的区别就是rem的基本度量单位与父节点无关，只与根节点font-size的设置有关，如设置html{font-size:10px;}后当前dom所有节点的1rem都表示10px;

移动端开发中我们使用rem作为基本计量单位，同时将根节点默认字号大小设为font-size:62.5%,因移动端浏览器默认字号大小为16px;16*62.5%刚好为10px; 具体设置方法及使用示例

html{font-size:62.5%;}#example{font-size:1.2rem}#example div{font-size:1.4rem; width:10rem;height:10rem}

安卓下标签的内容字体大小不支持rem设置，如有需要使用响应式及px单位设置其字体大小，暂时还未找到具体原因</p></li></ul>不同分辨率的终端<p>在对主流手机终端进行统计得出，大部分手机的device-width为320px、360px、375px、384px、400px、414px，另外安卓pad的device-width为600px800px。手机屏幕分辨率宽度则在320px-1080px间，有少部分手机已经达到1152px和1440px。PS:ipad访问移动端建议跳转去对应的PC页面。</p>viewport设置<p>在移动端开发中，我们使用如下viewport设置</p><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false'><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=0"></pre><p>注：device-width实际上并不等于设备宽度，而是css宽度，它是根据设备屏幕宽度和屏幕像素密度换算得出的用于网页显示的css宽度</p>移动端设计稿750px*1134px的制作规范css部分<pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false'>html{-ms-text-size-adjust:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%; font-size:62.5%;}ul,li,div,p,body,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,dl,dt,dd{margin:0;padding:0;}li{list-style:none;}a{text-decoration:none; color: #2a2a2a; }input{ -webkit-appearance:none;outline:none} *{outline: none; webkit-focus-ring-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent;-webkit-touch-callout:none;}.hide{display:none;}body, html {width: 100%; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei","Helvetica Neue",Arial, HelveticaNeue, Helvetica, "BBAlpha Sans", sans-serif;font-weight: normal;display: -webkit-box;-webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-box-align: center;}body{opacity: 1;-webkit-transition:opacity 500ms ease-in;transition:opacity 500ms ease-in; }p,a,li{font-size:1.2rem; color:#434343}html{ font-size: 312.5%; } @media screen and (max-width:359px) and (orientation:portrait) { html { font-size: 266.67%; } } @media screen and (min-width:360px) and (max-width:374px) and (orientation:portrait) { html { font-size: 300%; } } @media screen and (min-width:384px) and (max-width:399px) and (orientation:portrait) { html { font-size: 320%; } } @media screen and (min-width:400px) and (max-width:413px) and (orientation:portrait) { html { font-size: 333.33%; } } @media screen and (min-width:414px) and (max-width:431px) and (orientation:portrait){ html { font-size: 345%; } } @media screen and (min-width:432px) and (max-width:479px) and (orientation:portrait){ html { font-size:360%; } } @media screen and (min-width:480px)and (max-width:639px) and (orientation:portrait){ html{ font-size:400%;} } @media screen and (min-width:640px) and (orientation:portrait){ html{ font-size:533.33%;} }</pre><p>例如750px设计稿上320px*200px字体大小为32px的区域样式为：</p><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false'>html{ font-size: 312.5%; } .div{ width:3.2rem; height:2rem; font-size:0.32rem }</pre>js部分<p>主要处理短屏下缩放，以及初始化时固定页面大小，防止竖屏下弹出键盘或横屏时页面发生缩放的情况</p><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false'> var initScreen=function(callback){//初始化html font-size $("html").css("font-size",document.documentElement.clientHeight/document.documentElement.clientWidth<1.5 ? (document.documentElement.clientHeight/603*312.5+"%") : (document.documentElement.clientWidth/375*312.5+"%")); //单屏全屏布局时使用,短屏下自动缩放 //$("html").css("font-size",document.documentElement.clientWidth/375*312.5+"%");//长页面时使用,不缩放 if(callback)callback(); }function _onorientationchange(e){ if(window.orientation==90||window.orientation==-90){ $("#forhorview").css("display", "-webkit-box"); //显示竖屏浏览提示框 }else{//竖屏下恢复默认显示效果 var st=setTimeout(initScreen,300); $("#forhorview").css("display", "none"); } _resize(e); } $(function(){ initScreen(); window.addEventListener("onorientationchange" in window ? "orientationchange" : "resize", function(e){_onorientationchange(e);}, false); })</pre>html示例<pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false'><!doctype html><html> <head> <title>标题</title> <meta name="keywords" content="关键字" /> <meta name="description" content="描述" /> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no" /> <meta name="format-detection" content="address=no" /> <meta name="applicable-device"content="mobile"> <meta http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="no-transform" /> <meta http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="no-siteapp" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=0"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/index.less" /> </head> <body> <p>推荐使用竖屏浏览哦~</p> </body></html></pre>移动端开发细节和优化<p>在移动端使用新的css3样式代替原来在PC上的开发习惯</p><blockquote><ul class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li><p>新的布局实现方式:使用display:box、box-flex代替floatdisplay：inline-block; 实现更强大、更完美的流体布局，尤其在宽度为100%的布局中，实现横向并排元素宽度的自动伸缩以及水平垂直居中平均分布、首尾分布排列等。</p></li><li><p>垂直居中的实现方式：使用display:-webkit-box;-webkit-box-align: center;实现垂直居中。</p></li><li><p>尽量使用border-radius，box-shadow,text-shadow等css3样式实现诸如圆角、渐变色、盒子投影、字体投影,减少使用图片。</p></li><li><p>对于单色的icon图标，我们将会整理出一套常用图标，并制作成字体，利用css3的@font-face使用自定义字体导入，这样的话，可以像修改字体一样随意地修改图标的颜色、大小、背景色、特殊效果（如投影）等，而不再需要每一种颜色就需要切一份图片。</p></li><li><p>利用-webkit-transform:rotate(90deg)来获取旋转了不同角度的icon，避免每个角度需要切一张图片</p></li><li><p>在动画中，利用css3动画属性如-webkit-transform:translate(10px,12px)来改变元素的偏移位置，减少使用left和top来做位移动画</p></li></ul></blockquote><p><br><br>作者：只会前端的切图仔<br>链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/650819820c86<br></p></div> </div> <div style="clear: both;"></div> <div class="author-info fl"> <div><span class="gray">转载请注明：</span>文章转载自 <a href="https://www.mshxw.com/" class="blue">www.mshxw.com</a></div> <div><span class="gray">本文地址：</span><a href="https://www.mshxw.com/it/246311.html" class="blue">https://www.mshxw.com/it/246311.html</a></div> </div> <div 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