XML 可扩展标记语言
xml是实现不同语言或程序之间进行数据交换的协议,跟json差不多,但json使用起来更简单, 不过,古时候,在json还没诞生的黑暗年代,大家只能选择用xml呀,至今很多传统公司如金融行业的很多系统的接口还主要是xml。xml的格式如下,就是通过<>节点来区别数据结构的:
xml协议在各个语言里的都是支持的,在python中可以用以下模块操作xml2 2008 141100 5 2011 59900 69 2011 13600
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET #导入模块别名为ET
tree = ET.parse("xml-test.xml") #打开xml-test.xml文件
root = tree.getroot()
print(root) #是一个内存地址
print(root.tag) #是xml文件的tag#遍历xml文档
for child in root:
print(child.tag,child.attrib,child.text)
for i in child:
print(i.tag,i.text,i.attrib)
#只遍历year节点
for node in root.iter("year"):
print(node.tag,node.text)
修改和删除xml文档内容
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml")
root = tree.getroot()
#修改
for node in root.iter('year'): #只遍历iter
new_year = int(node.text) + 1
node.text = str(new_year)
node.set("updated","yes")
tree.write("xmltest.xml")
#删除node
for country in root.findall('country'):
rank = int(country.find('rank').text)
if rank > 50:
root.remove(country)
tree.write('output.xml')自己创建xml文档import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
new_xml = ET.Element("personinfolist") #根节点
personinfo = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"personinfo",attrib={"enrolled":"yes"}) #new_xml子节点、节点名字、节点属性
name = ET.SubElement(personinfo,"name")
name.text = "aaa li"
age = ET.SubElement(personinfo,"age",attrib={"checked":"no"}) #
sex = ET.SubElement(personinfo,"sex")
age.text = '33'
personinfo2 = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"personinfo",attrib={"enrolled":"no"})
name2 = ET.SubElement(personinfo2,"name")
name2.text = "aaa wang"
age = ET.SubElement(personinfo2,"age")
age.text = '19'
et = ET.ElementTree(new_xml) #生成文档对象
et.write("test.xml", encoding="utf-8",xml_declaration=True)
ET.dump(new_xml) #打印生成的格式aaa li 33aaa wang 19



