大文件下载
方案一:利用NSURLConnection和它的代理方法,及NSFileHandle(iOS9后不建议使用)
相关变量:
@property (nonatomic,strong) NSFileHandle *writeHandle; @property (nonatomic,assign) long long totalLength;
1>发送请求
// 创建一个请求 NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@""]; NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url]; // 使用NSURLConnection发起一个异步请求 [NSURLConnection connectionWithRequest:request delegate:self];
2>在代理方法中处理服务器返回的数据
- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(nonnull NSURLResponse *)response
{
// 创建文件路径
NSString *caches = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES)lastObject];
NSString *filePath = [caches stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"videos.zip"];
// 创建一个空的文件到沙盒中
NSFileManager *mgr = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
[mgr createFileAtPath:filePath contents:nil attributes:nil];
// 创建一个用来写数据的文件句柄
self.writeHandle = [NSFileHandle fileHandleForWritingAtPath:filePath];
// 获得文件的总大小
self.totalLength = response.expectedContentLength;
}
- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceivedata:(nonnull NSData *)data
{
// 移动到文件的最后面
[self.writeHandle seekToEndOfFile];
// 将数据写入沙盒
[self.writeHandle writedata:data];
}
- (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection
{
// 关闭文件并清空
[self.writeHandle closeFile];
self.writeHandle = nil;
}
方案二:使用NSURLSession的NSURLSessionDownloadTask和NSFileManager
NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sharedSession];
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@""];
// 可以用来下载大文件,数据将会存在沙盒里的tmp文件夹
NSURLSessionDownloadTask *task = [session downloadTaskWithURL:url completionHandler:^(NSURL * _Nullable location, NSURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSError * _Nullable error) {
// location :临时文件存放的路径(下载好的文件)
// 创建存储文件路径
NSString *caches = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES)lastObject];
// response.suggestedFilename:建议使用的文件名,一般跟服务器端的文件名一致
NSString *file = [caches stringByAppendingPathComponent:response.suggestedFilename];
NSFileManager *mgr = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
[mgr moveItemAtPath:location.path toPath:file error:nil];
}];
[task resume];
方案三:使用NSURLSessionDownloadDelegate的代理方法和NSFileManger
- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet*)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event { // 创建一个下载任务并设置代理 NSURLSessionConfiguration *cfg = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration]; NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:cfg delegate:self delegateQueue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue]]; NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@""]; NSURLSessionDownloadTask *task = [session downloadTaskWithURL:url]; [task resume]; } #pragma mark - - (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session downloadTask:(NSURLSessionDownloadTask *)downloadTask didFinishDownloadingToURL:(NSURL *)location{ // 创建存储文件路径 NSString *caches = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES)lastObject]; // response.suggestedFilename:建议使用的文件名,一般跟服务器端的文件名一致 NSString *file = [caches stringByAppendingPathComponent:downloadTask.response.suggestedFilename]; NSFileManager *mgr = [NSFileManager defaultManager]; [mgr moveItemAtPath:location.path toPath:file error:nil]; } - (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session downloadTask:(NSURLSessionDownloadTask *)downloadTask didWritedata:(int64_t)bytesWritten totalBytesWritten:(int64_t)totalBytesWritten totalBytesExpectedToWrite:(int64_t)totalBytesExpectedToWrite{ // 这里可以做些显示进度等操作 } - (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session downloadTask:(NSURLSessionDownloadTask *)downloadTask didResumeAtOffset:(int64_t)fileOffset expectedTotalBytes:(int64_t)expectedTotalBytes { // 用于断点续传 }
断点下载
方案一:
1>在方案一的基础上新增两个变量和按扭
@property (nonatomic,assign) long long currentLength; @property (nonatomic,strong) NSURLConnection *conn;
2>在接收到服务器返回数据的代理方法中添加如下代码
// 记录断点,累计文件长度 self.currentLength += data.length;
3>点击按钮开始(继续)或暂停下载
- (IBAction)download:(UIButton *)sender {
sender.selected = !sender.isSelected;
if (sender.selected) { // 继续(开始)下载
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@""];
// ****关键点是使用NSMutableURLRequest,设置请求头Range
NSMutableURLRequest *mRequest = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
NSString *range = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"bytes=%lld-",self.currentLength];
[mRequest setValue:range forHTTPHeaderField:@"Range"];
// 下载
self.conn = [NSURLConnection connectionWithRequest:mRequest delegate:self];
}else{
[self.conn cancel];
self.conn = nil;
}
}
4>在接受到服务器响应执行的代理方法中第一行添加下面代码,防止重复创建空文件
if (self.currentLength) return;
方案二:使用NSURLSessionDownloadDelegate的代理方法
所需变量
@property (nonatomic,strong) NSURLSession *session; @property (nonatomic,strong) NSData *resumeData; //包含了继续下载的开始位置和下载的url @property (nonatomic,strong) NSURLSessionDownloadTask *task;
方法
// 懒加载session
- (NSURLSession *)session
{
if (!_session) {
NSURLSessionConfiguration *cfg = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];
self.session = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:cfg delegate:self delegateQueue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue]];
}
return _session;
}
- (IBAction)download:(UIButton *)sender {
sender.selected = !sender.isSelected;
if (self.task == nil) { // 开始(继续)下载
if (self.resumeData) { // 原先有数据则恢复
[self resume];
}else{
[self start]; // 原先没有数据则开始
}
}else{ // 暂停
[self pause];
}
}
// 从零开始
- (void)start{
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@""];
self.task = [self.session downloadTaskWithURL:url];
[self.task resume];
}
// 暂停
- (void)pause{
__weak typeof(self) vc = self;
[self.task cancelByProducingResumedata:^(NSData * _Nullable resumeData) {
//resumedata: 包含了继续下载的开始位置和下载的url
vc.resumeData = resumeData;
vc.task = nil;
}];
}
// 恢复
- (void)resume{
// 传入上次暂停下载返回的数据,就可以回复下载
self.task = [self.session downloadTaskWithResumedata:self.resumeData];
// 开始任务
[self.task resume];
// 清空
self.resumeData = nil;
}
#pragma mark - NSURLSessionDownloadDelegate
- (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session downloadTask:(NSURLSessionDownloadTask *)downloadTask
didFinishDownloadingToURL:(NSURL *)location{
// 创建存储文件路径
NSString *caches = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES)lastObject];
// response.suggestedFilename:建议使用的文件名,一般跟服务器端的文件名一致
NSString *file = [caches stringByAppendingPathComponent:downloadTask.response.suggestedFilename];
NSFileManager *mgr = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
[mgr moveItemAtPath:location.path toPath:file error:nil];
}
- (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session downloadTask:(NSURLSessionDownloadTask *)downloadTask
didWritedata:(int64_t)bytesWritten
totalBytesWritten:(int64_t)totalBytesWritten
totalBytesExpectedToWrite:(int64_t)totalBytesExpectedToWrite{
// 这里可以做些显示进度等操作
}
- (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session downloadTask:(NSURLSessionDownloadTask *)downloadTask
didResumeAtOffset:(int64_t)fileOffset
expectedTotalBytes:(int64_t)expectedTotalBytes
{
}
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