流行的应用的导航一般分为两种,一种是底部导航,一种是侧边栏。
说明
IDE:AS,Android studio;
模拟器:genymotion;
实现的效果,见下图。
具体实现
为了讲明白这个实现过程,我们贴出来的代码多一写,这样更方便理解 [最后还会放出完整的代码实现] 。看上图的界面做的比较粗糙,但实现过程的骨架都具有了,想要更完美的设计,之后自行完善吧 ^0^。
布局
通过观察上述效果图,发现任意一个选项页面都有三部分组成:
顶部去除ActionBar后的标题栏;
中间一个FragmentLayout用来放相应的Fragment;
底部一个大的LinearLayout放着四个样式一样的(ImagView + TextView)的小Item。
(1) 完整具体的代码,详见:show_main_lay.xml,通过注释可以看到该布局的三部分组成。
附上源码截图吧:
(2) 对于布局的第一部分的顶部标题栏,代码请见:title_layout.xml:
android:layout_height="56dp"
android:background="@color/colorPrimaryDark"
android:orientation="horizontal">
android:layout_width="30dp"
android:layout_height="30dp"
android:layout_centerVertical="true"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:src="@android:drawable/ic_menu_more" />
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
android:text="首 页"
android:textSize="20sp"
android:textColor="@color/bg_color"/>
见下截图:
(3) 布局中间的第二部分我们再分别建立4个.xml布局文件,分别命名为:fg1.xml、fg2.xml、fg3.xml、fg4.xml,内容上只更改一下TextView中的文字说明,如第一个页面,改为第二个页面。下面只给出其中一个fg1.xml:
如图:
(4) 这里也给出Values目录下的colors.xml内容吧,颜色还是比较完整的但是名字不好记:
#3F51B5 #303F9F #FF4081 #EDEDED #ff000000 #ffffffff #ffcccccc #ff404040 #c0ffff00 #ffffffff #ffc0c0c0 #c000ff00 #ffffffff #b0000000 #ff808080 #ffffffff #fffff0e0 #ffffffff #ff000000 #ff4b4b4b #ff000000 #ffffffff #50000000 #ffffffff #00000000 #ffffffff #ffff0000 #60000000 #58567D #686868 #FFFFFF #FFFFF0 #FFFFE0 #FFFF00 #FFFAFA #FFFAF0 #FFFACD #FFF8DC #FFF5EE #FFF0F5 #FFEFD5 #FFEBCD #FFE4E1 #FFE4C4 #FFE4B5 #FFDEAD #FFDAB9 #FFD700 #FFC0CB #FFB6C1 #FFA500 #FFA07A #FF8C00 #FF7F50 #FF69B4 #FF6347 #FF4500 #FF1493 #FF00FF #FF00FF #FF0000 #FDF5E6 #FAFAD2 #FAF0E6 #FAEBD7 #FA8072 #F8F8FF #F5FFFA #F5F5F5 #F5F5DC #F5DEB3 #F4A460 #F0FFFF #F0FFF0 #F0F8FF #F0E68C #F08080 #EEE8AA #EE82EE #E9967A #E6E6FA #E0FFFF #DEB887 #DDA0DD #DCDCDC #DC143C #DB7093 #DAA520 #DA70D6 #D8BFD8 #D3D3D3 #D3D3D3 #D2B48C #D2691E #CD853F #CD5C5C #C71585 #C0C0C0 #BDB76B #BC8F8F #BA55D3 #B8860B #B22222 #B0E0E6 #B0C4DE #AFEEEE #ADFF2F #ADD8E6 #A9A9A9 #A9A9A9 #A52A2A #A0522D #9932CC #98FB98 #9400D3 #9370DB #90EE90 #8FBC8F #8B4513 #8B008B #8B0000 #8A2BE2 #87CEFA #87CEEB #808080 #808080 #808000 #800080 #800000 #7FFFD4 #7FFF00 #7CFC00 #7B68EE #778899 #778899 #708090 #708090 #6B8E23 #6A5ACD #696969 #696969 #66CDAA #6495ED #5F9EA0 #556B2F #4B0082 #48D1CC #483D8B #4682B4 #4169E1 #40E0D0 #3CB371 #32CD32 #2F4F4F #2F4F4F #2E8B57 #228B22 #20B2AA #1E90FF #191970 #00FFFF #00FFFF #00FF7F #00FF00 #00FA9A #00CED1 #00BFFF #008B8B #008080 #008000 #006400 #0000FF #0000CD #00008B #000080 #000000
如图:
那么到这里我们的界面布局就基本完成了!
相应Fragment的实现类
接下来我们需要写四个相应的Fragment的实现类,同样拷贝4份,改用inflate加载Fragment即可。即,包含四个差不多一样的Fragment,分别起名为:FirstFragment.java、SecondFragment.java、ThirdFragment.java、FourthFragment.java。下面主要展示一下FirstFragment.java的具体代码:
package com.example.dm.myapplication;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
public class FirstFragment extends Fragment {
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fg1, container, false);
return view;
}
}
如图:
最重要的MainActivity
各个七零八落的小部件都已经准备到序了,现在只剩下这个主界面实现类把他们融合在一起,实现相应的效果了。
MainActivity.java 的编写也很简单,直接看代码和注释就可以了,不多解释额:主要包含几个初始化方法、选中处理、隐藏所有Fragment的方法。详见MainActivity.java:
package com.example.dm.myapplication;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity; // 注意这里我们导入的V4的包,不要导成app的包了
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.frameLayout;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.RelativeLayout;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity implements View.onClickListener {
// 初始化顶部栏显示
private ImageView titleLeftImv;
private TextView titleTv;
// 定义4个Fragment对象
private FirstFragment fg1;
private SecondFragment fg2;
private ThirdFragment fg3;
private FourthFragment fg4;
// 帧布局对象,用来存放Fragment对象
private frameLayout frameLayout;
// 定义每个选项中的相关控件
private RelativeLayout firstLayout;
private RelativeLayout secondLayout;
private RelativeLayout thirdLayout;
private RelativeLayout fourthLayout;
private ImageView firstImage;
private ImageView secondImage;
private ImageView thirdImage;
private ImageView fourthImage;
private TextView firstText;
private TextView secondText;
private TextView thirdText;
private TextView fourthText;
// 定义几个颜色
private int whirt = 0xFFFFFFFF;
private int gray = 0xFF7597B3;
private int dark = 0xff000000;
// 定义FragmentManager对象管理器
private FragmentManager fragmentManager;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.show_main_lay);
fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
initView(); // 初始化界面控件
setChioceItem(0); // 初始化页面加载时显示第一个选项卡
}
private void initView() {
// 初始化页面标题栏
titleLeftImv = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.title_imv);
titleLeftImv.setonClickListener(new View.onClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
startActivity(new Intent(MainActivity.this, LoginActivity.class));
}
});
titleTv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.title_text_tv);
titleTv.setText("首 页");
// 初始化底部导航栏的控件
firstImage = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.first_image);
secondImage = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.second_image);
thirdImage = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.third_image);
fourthImage = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.fourth_image);
firstText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.first_text);
secondText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.second_text);
thirdText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.third_text);
fourthText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.fourth_text);
firstLayout = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.first_layout);
secondLayout = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.second_layout);
thirdLayout = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.third_layout);
fourthLayout = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.fourth_layout);
firstLayout.setonClickListener(MainActivity.this);
secondLayout.setonClickListener(MainActivity.this);
thirdLayout.setonClickListener(MainActivity.this);
fourthLayout.setonClickListener(MainActivity.this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.first_layout:
setChioceItem(0);
break;
case R.id.second_layout:
setChioceItem(1);
break;
case R.id.third_layout:
setChioceItem(2);
break;
case R.id.fourth_layout:
setChioceItem(3);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
private void setChioceItem(int index) {
FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
clearChioce(); // 清空, 重置选项, 隐藏所有Fragment
hideFragments(fragmentTransaction);
switch (index) {
case 0:
// firstImage.setImageResource(R.drawable.XXXX); 需要的话自行修改
firstText.setTextColor(dark);
firstLayout.setBackgroundColor(gray);
// 如果fg1为空,则创建一个并添加到界面上
if (fg1 == null) {
fg1 = new FirstFragment();
fragmentTransaction.add(R.id.content, fg1);
} else {
// 如果不为空,则直接将它显示出来
fragmentTransaction.show(fg1);
}
break;
case 1:
// secondImage.setImageResource(R.drawable.XXXX);
secondText.setTextColor(dark);
secondLayout.setBackgroundColor(gray);
if (fg2 == null) {
fg2 = new SecondFragment();
fragmentTransaction.add(R.id.content, fg2);
} else {
fragmentTransaction.show(fg2);
}
break;
case 2:
// thirdImage.setImageResource(R.drawable.XXXX);
thirdText.setTextColor(dark);
thirdLayout.setBackgroundColor(gray);
if (fg3 == null) {
fg3 = new ThirdFragment();
fragmentTransaction.add(R.id.content, fg3);
} else {
fragmentTransaction.show(fg3);
}
break;
case 3:
// fourthImage.setImageResource(R.drawable.XXXX);
fourthText.setTextColor(dark);
fourthLayout.setBackgroundColor(gray);
if (fg4 == null) {
fg4 = new FourthFragment();
fragmentTransaction.add(R.id.content, fg4);
} else {
fragmentTransaction.show(fg4);
}
break;
}
fragmentTransaction.commit(); // 提交
}
private void clearChioce() {
// firstImage.setImageResource(R.drawable.XXX);
firstText.setTextColor(gray);
firstLayout.setBackgroundColor(whirt);
// secondImage.setImageResource(R.drawable.XXX);
secondText.setTextColor(gray);
secondLayout.setBackgroundColor(whirt);
// thirdImage.setImageResource(R.drawable.XXX);
thirdText.setTextColor(gray);
thirdLayout.setBackgroundColor(whirt);
// fourthImage.setImageResource(R.drawable.XXX);
fourthText.setTextColor(gray);
fourthLayout.setBackgroundColor(whirt);
}
private void hideFragments(FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction) {
if (fg1 != null) {
fragmentTransaction.hide(fg1);
}
if (fg2 != null) {
fragmentTransaction.hide(fg2);
}
if (fg3 != null) {
fragmentTransaction.hide(fg3);
}
if (fg4 != null) {
fragmentTransaction.hide(fg4);
}
}
}
见图:
到这里我们的功能就基本实现了,是不是还挺简单的。
注意
Fragment相关类导入的时候是v4包还是app包!我们这里导入的是V4的包,在代码的注释部分,已经给出说明;
在完整的代码包中,我们还添加了App启动界面及动画、登录界面,这两部分的内容,这里不做具体的说明,之后继续完善。
以上内容是小逼给大家分享的Android程序开发之Fragment实现底部导航栏实例代码,希望对大家有所帮助!



