Android的广播Receiver动态注册和静态注册示例

广播接收器注册一共有两种形式 : 静态注册和动态注册.

两者及其接收广播的区别:

1.动态注册的广播 永远要快于 静态注册的广播,不管静态注册的优先级设置的多高,不管动态注册的优先级有多低。

2.动态注册广播不是 常驻型广播 ，也就是说广播跟随activity的生命周期。注意: 在activity结束前，移除广播接收器。

静态注册是常驻型 ，也就是说当应用程序关闭后，如果有信息广播来，程序也会被系统调用自动运行。

3.在同一个优先级下,谁先启动的快,谁将先接收到广播。

下面这个Demo，界面如下，注册两个动态接收器（接收自定义广播和系统广播）和注册静态广播（接收自定义静态和广播、手机USB的插拔事件、接收短信并读取短信息）

工程目录如下：注意看代码中的注释

xml布局文件（activity_main.xml）

Manifest.xml如下，这里面定义的权限信息和注册的广播

MainActivity.Java

package com.nii.receiver; 
import android.Manifest; 
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver; 
import android.content.Context; 
import android.content.Intent; 
import android.content.IntentFilter; 
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; 
import android.os.Bundle; 
import android.util.Log; 
import android.view.View; 
import android.widget.Button; 
import android.widget.Toast; 
import com.nii.receiver.type.RequestPermissionType; 
import com.nii.receiver.util.PermissionUtil; 
 
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity 
{ 
 
  
 private Button sendStaticBtn; 
 
  
 private Button sendDynamicBtn; 
 
  
 private Button sendSystemBtn; 
 
  
 private static final String STATICACTION = "com.byread.static"; 
 
  
 private static final String DYNAMICACTION = "com.byread.dynamic"; 
 
  
 private static final String SYSTEMACTION = Intent.ACTION_POWER_CONNECTED; 
 
 private Context mContext; 
 
 @Override 
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) 
 { 
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
  setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); 
  this.mContext = this; 
 
  sendStaticBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send_static); 
  sendDynamicBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send_dynamic); 
  sendSystemBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send_system); 
  sendStaticBtn.setonClickListener(new MyonClickListener()); 
  sendDynamicBtn.setonClickListener(new MyonClickListener()); 
  sendSystemBtn.setonClickListener(new MyonClickListener()); 
 
  //申请读取短信的权限 
  PermissionUtil.requestPermission(mContext, Manifest.permission.READ_SMS, 
    RequestPermissionType.REQUEST_CODE_ASK_READ_SMS); 
 
  PermissionUtil.requestPermission(mContext, Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS, 
    RequestPermissionType.REQUEST_CODE_ASK_RECEIVE_SMS); 
 } 
 class MyonClickListener implements View.onClickListener 
 { 
  @Override 
  public void onClick(View v) 
  { 
   // 发送自定义静态注册广播消息 
   if (v.getId() == R.id.send_static) 
   { 
    Log.e("MainActivity", "发送自定义静态注册广播消息"); 
    Intent intent = new Intent(); 
    intent.setAction(STATICACTION); 
    intent.putExtra("msg", "接收静态注册广播成功！"); 
    sendBroadcast(intent); 
   } 
   // 发送自定义动态注册广播消息 
   else if (v.getId() == R.id.send_dynamic) 
   { 
    Log.e("MainActivity", "发送自定义动态注册广播消息"); 
    Intent intent = new Intent(); 
    intent.setAction(DYNAMICACTION); 
    intent.putExtra("msg", "接收动态注册广播成功！"); 
    sendBroadcast(intent); 
   } 
   // 发送系统动态注册广播消息。当手机连接充电设备时会由系统自己发送广播消息。 
   else if (v.getId() == R.id.send_system) 
   { 
    Log.e("MainActivity", "发送系统动态注册广播消息"); 
    Intent intent = new Intent(); 
    intent.setAction(SYSTEMACTION); 
    intent.putExtra("msg", "正在充电。。。。"); 
   } 
  } 
 } 
 
 @Override 
 protected void onStart() 
 { 
  super.onStart(); 
  Log.e("MainActivity", "注册广播事件"); 
 
  // 注册自定义动态广播消息 
  IntentFilter filter_dynamic = new IntentFilter(); 
  filter_dynamic.addAction(DYNAMICACTION); 
  registerReceiver(dynamicReceiver, filter_dynamic); 
 
  // 注册系统动态广播消息 
  IntentFilter filter_system = new IntentFilter(); 
  filter_system.addAction(SYSTEMACTION); 
  registerReceiver(systemReceiver, filter_system); 
 } 
 
 private BroadcastReceiver dynamicReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() 
 { 
 
  @Override 
  public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) 
  { 
   Log.e("MainActivity", "接收自定义动态注册广播消息"); 
   if (intent.getAction().equals(DYNAMICACTION)) 
   { 
    String msg = intent.getStringExtra("msg"); 
    Toast.makeText(context, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); 
   } 
  } 
 }; 
 
 private BroadcastReceiver systemReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() 
 { 
  @Override 
  public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) 
  { 
   Log.e("MainActivity", "接收系统动态注册广播消息"); 
   if (intent.getAction().equals(SYSTEMACTION)) 
   { 
    String msg = intent.getStringExtra("msg"); 
    Toast.makeText(context, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); 
   } 
  } 
 }; 
} 

StaticReceiver.java

package com.nii.receiver; 
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver; 
import android.content.Context; 
import android.content.Intent; 
import android.os.Handler; 
import android.widget.Toast; 
 
 
public class StaticReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver 
{ 
 
  
 @Override 
 public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) 
 { 
  String msg = intent.getStringExtra("msg"); 
  Toast.makeText(context, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); 
 } 
} 

SystemReceiver.java这里面处理一些系统的事件

package com.nii.receiver; 
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver; 
import android.content.Context; 
import android.content.Intent; 
import android.os.Bundle; 
import android.os.Handler; 
import android.telephony.SmsMessage; 
import android.text.format.DateFormat; 
import android.util.Log; 
import android.widget.Toast; 
import com.nii.receiver.util.DialogUtil; 
 
import java.util.Date; 
 
 
public class SystemReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver 
{ 
 
  
 @Override 
 public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) 
 { 
  if (intent.getAction().equals(Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_LOW)) 
  { 
   Log.e("SystemReceiver", "电量低提示"); 
   Toast.makeText(context, "您的手机电量偏低，请及时充电", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); 
  } 
  else if (intent.getAction().equals("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED")) 
  { 
   if (intent.getAction().equals("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED")) 
   { 
    Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras(); 
    if (bundle != null) 
    {//如果数据不为空 
     //获得收到的短信数据 
     Object[] objArray = (Object[]) bundle.get("pdus"); 
     //根据objArray的大小创建一个SmsMessage数组，用于封装短信内容 
     SmsMessage[] smsMessage = new SmsMessage[objArray.length]; 
     StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); 
     sb.append("时间：" + new DateFormat().format("yyyy - MM - dd hh.mm.ss", new Date())); 
 
     //遍历smsMessage数组取出所有短信 
     for (int i = 0; i < smsMessage.length; i++) 
     { 
      //将每条字节类型的短信数据转换成SmsMessage对象 
      smsMessage[i] = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) objArray[i]); 
      //获取短信发送地址 
      sb.append("发送者：" + smsMessage[i].getOriginatingAddress()); 
      //获取短信内容 
      sb.append("短信内容：" + smsMessage[i].getDisplayMessageBody() + "n"); 
     } 
 
     DialogUtil.showprompt(context,sb.toString()); 
     Toast.makeText(context, sb.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); 
    } 
   } 
  } 
  else if(intent.getAction().equals("android.hardware.usb.action.USB_STATE")) 
  { 
   if (intent.getExtras().getBoolean("connected")) 
   { 
    Toast.makeText(context, "USB插入", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); 
   } 
   else 
   { 
    Toast.makeText(context, "USB拔出", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); 
   } 
  } 
 } 
} 

RequestPermissionType.java是权限请求的时候，Qequest Code（请求码）

package com.nii.receiver.type; 
 
 
public interface RequestPermissionType 
{ 
  
 int REQUEST_CODE_ASK_CALL_PHONE = 100; 
 
  
 int REQUEST_CODE_ASK_RECEIVE_SMS = 101; 
 
  
 int REQUEST_CODE_ASK_READ_SMS = 102; 
} 

DialogUtil.java是界面弹窗工具类

package com.nii.receiver.util; 
import android.app.Activity; 
import android.app.alertDialog; 
import android.content.Context; 
import android.content.DialogInterface; 
import android.view.WindowManager; 
 
public class DialogUtil 
{ 
  
 public static alertDialog showalert(Context context, String title, String message, 
   String /confirm/iButton, DialogInterface.onClickListener /confirm/iButtonClickListener, 
   String centerButton, DialogInterface.onClickListener centerButtonClickListener, 
   String cancelButton, DialogInterface.onClickListener cancelButtonClickListener, 
   DialogInterface.onShowListener onShowListener, boolean cancelable, 
   DialogInterface.onCancelListener onCancelListener, 
   DialogInterface.onDismissListener onDismissListener) 
 { 
  alertDialog.Builder promptBuilder = new alertDialog.Builder(context); 
  if (title != null) 
  { 
   promptBuilder.setTitle(title); 
  } 
  if (message != null) 
  { 
   promptBuilder.setMessage(message); 
  } 
  if (confirmButton != null) 
  { 
   promptBuilder.setPositiveButton(/confirm/iButton, /confirm/iButtonClickListener); 
  } 
  if (centerButton != null) 
  { 
   promptBuilder.setNeutralButton(centerButton, centerButtonClickListener); 
  } 
  if (cancelButton != null) 
  { 
   promptBuilder.setNegativeButton(cancelButton, cancelButtonClickListener); 
  } 
  promptBuilder.setCancelable(true); 
  if (cancelable) 
  { 
   promptBuilder.setonCancelListener(onCancelListener); 
  } 
 
  alertDialog alertDialog = promptBuilder.create(); 
  if (!(context instanceof Activity)) 
  { 
   alertDialog.getWindow().setType(WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_alert); 
  } 
  alertDialog.setonDismissListener(onDismissListener); 
  alertDialog.setonShowListener(onShowListener); 
  alertDialog.show(); 
  return alertDialog; 
 } 
 
 
  
 public static alertDialog showConfirm(Context context, String title, String message, 
   DialogInterface.onClickListener /confirm/iButtonClickListener, 
   DialogInterface.onClickListener cancelButtonClickListener) 
 { 
  return showalert(context, title, message, "Yes", 
    /confirm/iButtonClickListener, null, null, "No", cancelButtonClickListener, null, true, null, null); 
 } 
 
 
  
 public static alertDialog showprompt(Context context, String message, String /confirm/iButton) 
 { 
  return showalert(context, null, message, /confirm/iButton, null, null, null, null, null, null, true, null, null); 
 } 
 
 
 
  
 public static alertDialog showprompt(Context context, String message) 
 { 
  return showalert(context, null, message, "OK", null, null, null, null, null, null, true, null, null); 
 } 
} 

PermissionUtil.java是权限申请工具类

package com.nii.receiver.util; 
import android.Manifest; 
import android.app.Activity; 
import android.content.Context; 
import android.content.pm.PackageManager; 
import android.os.Build; 
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat; 
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat; 
 
 
public abstract class PermissionUtil 
{ 
  
 public static void requestPermission(Context mContext,String permission,int requestCode) 
 { 
  if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.M) 
  { 
   return; 
  } 
 
  int checkCallPhonePermission = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(mContext,permission); 
 
  if (checkCallPhonePermission != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) 
  { 
   ActivityCompat.requestPermissions((Activity) mContext, new String[]{permission},requestCode); 
  } 
 } 
} 

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