Android中利用ViewHolder优化自定义Adapter的写法(必看)

最近写Adapter写得多了，慢慢就熟悉了。

用ViewHolder，主要是进行一些性能优化，减少一些不必要的重复操作。（WXD同学教我的。）

具体不分析了，直接上一份代码吧：

public class MarkerItemAdapter extends baseAdapter
{
  private Context mContext = null;
  private List mMarkerData = null;

  public MarkerItemAdapter(Context context, List markerItems)
  {
    mContext = context;
    mMarkerData = markerItems;
  }

  public void setMarkerData(List markerItems)
  {
    mMarkerData = markerItems;
  }

  @Override
  public int getCount()
  {
    int count = 0;
    if (null != mMarkerData)
    {
      count = mMarkerData.size();
    }
    return count;
  }

  @Override
  public MarkerItem getItem(int position)
  {
    MarkerItem item = null;

    if (null != mMarkerData)
    {
      item = mMarkerData.get(position);
    }

    return item;
  }

  @Override
  public long getItemId(int position)
  {
    return position;
  }

  @Override
  public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent)
  {
    ViewHolder viewHolder = null;
    if (null == convertView)
    {
      viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
      LayoutInflater mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(mContext);
      convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.item_marker_item, null);

      viewHolder.name = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.name);
      viewHolder.description = (TextView) convertView
   .findViewById(R.id.description);
      viewHolder.createTime = (TextView) convertView
   .findViewById(R.id.createTime);

      convertView.setTag(viewHolder);
    }
    else
    {
      viewHolder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
    }

    // set item values to the viewHolder:

    MarkerItem markerItem = getItem(position);
    if (null != markerItem)
    {
      viewHolder.name.setText(markerItem.getName());
      viewHolder.description.setText(markerItem.getDescription());
      viewHolder.createTime.setText(markerItem.getCreateDate());
    }

    return convertView;
  }

  private static class ViewHolder
  {
    TextView name;
    TextView description;
    TextView createTime;
  }

}

其中MarkerItem是自定义的类，其中包含name，description，createTime等字段，并且有相应的get和set方法。

ViewHolder是一个内部类，其中包含了单个项目布局中的各个控件。

单个项目的布局，即R.layout.item_marker_item如下：

官方的API Demos中也有这个例子：

package com.example.android.apis.view中的List14：

package com.example.android.apis.view;

import android.app.ListActivity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.baseAdapter;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import com.example.android.apis.R;


public class List14 extends ListActivity {

  private static class EfficientAdapter extends baseAdapter {
    private LayoutInflater mInflater;
    private Bitmap mIcon1;
    private Bitmap mIcon2;

    public EfficientAdapter(Context context) {
      // Cache the LayoutInflate to avoid asking for a new one each time.
      mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);

      // Icons bound to the rows.
      mIcon1 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(), R.drawable.icon48x48_1);
      mIcon2 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(), R.drawable.icon48x48_2);
    }

    
    public int getCount() {
      return DATA.length;
    }

    
    public Object getItem(int position) {
      return position;
    }

    
    public long getItemId(int position) {
      return position;
    }

    
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
      // A ViewHolder keeps references to children views to avoid unneccessary calls
      // to findViewById() on each row.
      ViewHolder holder;

      // When convertView is not null, we can reuse it directly, there is no need
      // to reinflate it. We only inflate a new View when the convertView supplied
      // by ListView is null.
      if (convertView == null) {
 convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.list_item_icon_text, null);

 // Creates a ViewHolder and store references to the two children views
 // we want to bind data to.
 holder = new ViewHolder();
 holder.text = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.text);
 holder.icon = (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.icon);

 convertView.setTag(holder);
      } else {
 // Get the ViewHolder back to get fast access to the TextView
 // and the ImageView.
 holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
      }

      // Bind the data efficiently with the holder.
      holder.text.setText(DATA[position]);
      holder.icon.setImageBitmap((position & 1) == 1 ? mIcon1 : mIcon2);

      return convertView;
    }

    static class ViewHolder {
      TextView text;
      ImageView icon;
    }
  }

  @Override
  public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setListAdapter(new EfficientAdapter(this));
  }

  private static final String[] DATA = Cheeses.sCheeseStrings;
}

其中布局：

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