Spring Boot + Jpa(Hibernate) 架构基本配置详解

1、基于springboot-1.4.0.RELEASE版本测试

2、springBoot + hibernate + Druid + MySQL + servlet(jsp)

不废话，直接上代码

一、maven的pom文件

  
    4.0.0
    com.zsx
    demo
    war
    0.0.1
    zsx Maven Webapp
    http://maven.apache.org

    
      UTF-8
      1.7
      7.0.69
    

    
      org.springframework.boot
      spring-boot-starter-parent
      1.4.0.RELEASE
    

    

      
      
 org.apache.tomcat.embed
 tomcat-embed-jasper
      
      
 javax.servlet
 jstl
      


      
 org.springframework.boot
 spring-boot-starter-web
      


      
      
 org.springframework.boot
 spring-boot-starter-data-jpa
      
      
 mysql
 mysql-connector-java
      



       
 org.springframework.boot 
 spring-boot-starter-tomcat 
 provided 
      

      
      
 org.springframework.boot
 spring-boot-devtools
      

      
      
 com.alibaba
 fastjson
 1.2.16
      

      
      
 com.alibaba
 druid
 1.0.25
      


      
 org.apache.poi
 poi
 3.14
      

      
      
 org.springframework.boot
 spring-boot-starter-test
 test
      

       
 io.springfox 
 springfox-swagger2 
 2.6.0 
       
       
 io.springfox 
 springfox-swagger-ui 
 2.6.0 
      

    
    
      /

      

 
   org.springframework.boot
   spring-boot-maven-plugin
   
     
     
org.springframework
springloaded
1.2.6.RELEASE
     
   
 

      

    

    
      
 ali
 ali Repository
 http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/
 
   false
 
      
    
  

二、项目架构

想想还是介绍一下项目的目录结构，这样方便梳理整体的架构配置

src
├─main
  │ ├─java
  │ │ └─com
  │ │   └─zsx
  │ │     │ Application.java
  │ │     │ SpringBootStartApplication.java
  │ │     │ 
  │ │     ├─common
  │ │     │ ├─config
  │ │     │ │   DruidDBConfig.java
  │ │     │ │   MultipartConfig.java
  │ │     │ │   
  │ │     │ ├─filter
  │ │     │ │   DruidStatFilter.java
  │ │     │ │   
  │ │     │ ├─interceptors
  │ │     │ │   AuthInterceptor.java
  │ │     │ │   WebAppConfigurer.java
  │ │     │ │   
  │ │     │ ├─servlet
  │ │     │ │   DruidStatViewServlet.java
  │ │     │ │   
  │ │     │ └─swagger
  │ │     │     Swagger2.java
  │ │     │     
  │ │     ├─controller
  │ │     │ │ LoginController.java
  │ │     │ │ TestController.java
  │ │     │ │ UserController.java
  │ │     │     
  │ │     ├─dao
  │ │     │ │ TUserDao.java
  │ │     │ │ 
  │ │     │ └─impl
  │ │     ├─entity
  │ │     │ │ baseEntity.java
  │ │     │     
  │ │     ├─model
  │ │     │ │ Tree.java
  │ │     │     
  │ │     ├─service
  │ │     │ │ UserService.java
  │ │     │ │ 
  │ │     │ └─impl
  │ │     │     UserServiceImpl.java
  │ │     │     
  │ │     └─util
  │ │  GeneratePageable.java
  │ │  
  │ ├─resources
  │ │ │ application.properties
  │ │ │ logback-test.xml
  │ │ │ 
  │ │ └─static
  │ │   ├─css 
  │ │   ├─img
  │ │   └─js
  │ │  
  │ └─webapp
  │   │ index.jsp
  │   │ 
  │   └─WEB-INF
  │     │ web.xml
  │     │ 
  │     └─view
  ││ login.jsp
  ││   
  │├─error
  ││   500.jsp  
  │├─jsp
  │    main.jsp
  │    
  └─test
    └─java
 UtilTest.java

标准的maven项目结构，其中Java下是dao、service、controller ，还有实体类映射entity，其他配置config

三、resources下的应用配置文件application.properties

  #server.port=9090


  # 数据库访问配置
  # 主数据源，默认的
  spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
  spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
  spring.datasource.username= root
  spring.datasource.password= root
  spring.datasource.driverClassName = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver


  # 下面为连接池的补充设置，应用到上面所有数据源中
  # 初始化大小，最小，最大
  spring.datasource.initialSize=5
  spring.datasource.minIdle=5
  spring.datasource.maxActive=20
  # 配置获取连接等待超时的时间
  spring.datasource.maxWait=60000
  # 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测，检测需要关闭的空闲连接，单位是毫秒 
  spring.datasource.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=60000
  # 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间，单位是毫秒 
  spring.datasource.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis=300000
  spring.datasource.validationQuery=SELECt 1 FROM DUAL
  spring.datasource.testWhileIdle=true
  spring.datasource.testonBorrow=false
  spring.datasource.testonReturn=false
  # 打开PSCache，并且指定每个连接上PSCache的大小 
  spring.datasource.poolPreparedStatements=true
  spring.datasource.maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize=20
  # 配置监控统计拦截的filters，去掉后监控界面sql无法统计，'wall'用于防火墙 
  spring.datasource.filters=stat,wall,log4j
  # 通过connectProperties属性来打开mergeSql功能；慢SQL记录
  spring.datasource.connectionProperties=druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=5000
  # 合并多个DruidDataSource的监控数据
  spring.datasource.useGlobalDataSourceStat=true


  #JPA Configuration: 
  spring.jpa.database=MYSQL
  # Show or not log for each sql query
  spring.jpa.show-sql=false
  spring.jpa.generate-ddl=true 
  # Hibernate ddl auto (create, create-drop, update)
  spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=create 
  #spring.jpa.database-platform=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect 
  spring.jpa.hibernate.naming_strategy=org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy 
  #spring.jpa.database=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect 
  spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect


  spring.mvc.view.prefix=/WEB-INF/view/
  spring.mvc.view.suffix=.jsp
  #spring.resources.static-locations=classpath:/resources/,classpath:/static/

四、启动应用主类文件 Application.java

package com.zsx;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletComponentScan;

@SpringBootApplication
@ServletComponentScan // 扫描使用注解方式的servlet
public class Application {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
  }
}

若需要部署到外部的tomcat容器中，则添加下面类即可。

package com.zsx;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.context.web.SpringBootServletInitializer;

public class SpringBootStartApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer {

  private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SpringBootStartApplication.class);

  @Override
  protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder builder) {
    return builder.sources(Application.class);
  }

}

五、数据库连接池Druid的配置

  package com.zsx.common.config;

  import java.sql.SQLException;

  import javax.sql.DataSource;

  import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
  import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
  import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
  import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;

  import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;

  
  @Configuration
  public class DruidDBConfig {
  // private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DruidDBConfig.class);

    @Value("${spring.datasource.url}")
    private String dbUrl;

    @Value("${spring.datasource.username}")
    private String username;

    @Value("${spring.datasource.password}")
    private String password;

    @Value("${spring.datasource.driverClassName}")
    private String driverClassName;

    @Value("${spring.datasource.initialSize}")
    private int initialSize;

    @Value("${spring.datasource.minIdle}")
    private int minIdle;

    @Value("${spring.datasource.maxActive}")
    private int maxActive;

    @Value("${spring.datasource.maxWait}")
    private int maxWait;

    @Value("${spring.datasource.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis}")
    private int timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis;

    @Value("${spring.datasource.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis}")
    private int minEvictableIdleTimeMillis;

    @Value("${spring.datasource.validationQuery}")
    private String validationQuery;

    @Value("${spring.datasource.testWhileIdle}")
    private boolean testWhileIdle;

    @Value("${spring.datasource.testOnBorrow}")
    private boolean testOnBorrow;

    @Value("${spring.datasource.testOnReturn}")
    private boolean testOnReturn;

    @Value("${spring.datasource.poolPreparedStatements}")
    private boolean poolPreparedStatements;

    @Value("${spring.datasource.maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize}")
    private int maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize;

    @Value("${spring.datasource.filters}")
    private String filters;

    @Value("{spring.datasource.connectionProperties}")
    private String connectionProperties;

    @Bean // 声明其为Bean实例
    @Primary // 在同样的DataSource中，首先使用被标注的DataSource
    public DataSource dataSource() {
      DruidDataSource datasource = new DruidDataSource();

      datasource.setUrl(this.dbUrl);
      datasource.setUsername(username);
      datasource.setPassword(password);
      datasource.setDriverClassName(driverClassName);

      // configuration
      datasource.setInitialSize(initialSize);
      datasource.setMinIdle(minIdle);
      datasource.setMaxActive(maxActive);
      datasource.setMaxWait(maxWait);
      datasource.setTimeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis(timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis);
      datasource.setMinEvictableIdleTimeMillis(minEvictableIdleTimeMillis);
      datasource.setValidationQuery(validationQuery);
      datasource.setTestWhileIdle(testWhileIdle);
      datasource.setTestonBorrow(testOnBorrow);
      datasource.setTestonReturn(testOnReturn);
      datasource.setPoolPreparedStatements(poolPreparedStatements);
      datasource.setMaxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize(maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize);
      try {
 datasource.setFilters(filters);
      } catch (SQLException e) {

      }
      datasource.setConnectionProperties(connectionProperties);

      return datasource;
    }
  }

springboot里默认使用tomcat的上传文件大小限制，即1MB， 修改用下面的配置类：

import javax.servlet.MultipartConfigElement;

import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.MultipartConfigFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class MultipartConfig {

  @Bean
  public MultipartConfigElement multipartConfigElement(){
    MultipartConfigFactory factory = new MultipartConfigFactory();
    factory.setMaxFileSize("10MB");
    factory.setMaxRequestSize("10MB");
    return factory.createMultipartConfig();
  }

}

六、开启Druid的数据库监控配置

1、配置Filter

import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebInitParam;

import com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter;



@WebFilter(filterName = "druidWebStatFilter", urlPatterns = "

@WebServlet(urlPatterns = "/druid
    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
      // TODO Auto-generated method stub
      // 多个拦截器组成一个拦截器链
      // addPathPatterns 用于添加拦截规则
      // excludePathPatterns 用户排除拦截

      registry.addInterceptor(new AuthInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("
    @Override
    public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {

  //   registry.addResourceHandler("/new
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long id;

    @Column(name = "username")
    private String userName;

    @Column(name = "password")
    private String passWord;

    @Column(name = "email")
    private String email;

    @Column(name = "mobile")
    private String mobile;

    @Column(name = "nickname")
    private String nickName;

    // 省略getter 和 setter

  }

十、dao层

1、使用jpa基本可以实现不写sql，（但实际开发中，业务逻辑会很复杂，一点不写sql完全不现实）

2、注意添加@Repository注解， 添加JpaSpecificationExecutor继承可以方便分页

3、 看些jpa的查询语法资料

  import java.util.List;
  import java.util.Map;

  import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
  import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;
  import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
  import org.springframework.data.repository.PagingAndSortingRepository;
  import org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param;
  import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

  @Repository
  public interface TuserDao extends PagingAndSortingRepository, JpaSpecificationExecutor {

    Tuser findByUserName(String userName);

    @Query("from Tuser t where id = :id")
    List queryFamilyList(@Param("id") Long id, Pageable pageable);

  }

十一、service和controller没啥好说的，跟原先的一样，下面再提供一个单元测试的demo

  import java.util.List;
  import javax.persistence.EntityManager;

  import org.junit.Test;
  import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
  import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
  import org.springframework.boot.test.SpringApplicationConfiguration;
  import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
  import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;

  import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
  import com.golden.Application;
  import com.golden.dao.TUserDao;
  import com.golden.entity.Tuser;
  import com.golden.util.GeneratePageable;

  @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)

  //指定我们SpringBoot工程的Application启动类
  @SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = Application.class)

  //由于是Web项目，Junit需要模拟ServletContext，因此我们需要给我们的测试类加上@WebAppConfiguration
  @WebAppConfiguration
  public class UtilTest {

    @Autowired
    private TUserDao dao;

    @Autowired
    private EntityManager em;

    @Test
    public void test1(){
      dao.findByUserName("admin");
    }

    @Test
    public void test2(){
      // 使用jpa提供的分页类
      java.util.List list = new ArrayList();
      Order order = new Order(Direction.DESC, "createTime");

      list.add(order);

      Sort sort = new Sort(list);

      Pageable pageable = new PageRequest(0, 10, sort);

      Page findAll = dao.findAll(pageable);

    }

    @Test
    public void test3(){

      EntityManager em = dao.getEntityManager();
      Query query = em.createNativeQuery("select * from t_user limit 1");
      Object singleResult = query.getSingleResult();
      System.out.println(singleResult);
    }

    
  }

后记：

不用Druid的可以把有关Druid的配置全部删掉，swagger的同理

这里没有使用hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件，主要习惯了在实体类里配置字段了，不怎么用hibernate的映xml文件了，但其实配置起来跟springmvc项目一样

说实话这里使用jpa操作数据库，没感觉有多方便，因为总有各种奇葩的需求，当然也可能是我没深入研究，所以建议改用Mybatis，这个我会再写一篇springboot加mybatis的配置教程的，最后，还可以使用原生的sql查询，即使用单元测试里的EntityManager对象去执行sql，返回结果可以指定对象类型，也很方便

还需要注意的一个点是静态文件的存放位置，这个跟原先的项目不一样，原先是在webapp下，但springboot是默认放在resources下的static目录下的，还有其他默认目录和配置，自行搜索

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持考高分网。