java tostring方法重写代码示例

当需要将一个对象输出到显示器时,通常要调用他的toString()方法,将对象的内容转换为字符串.java中的所有类默认都有一个toString()方法

默认情况下 System.out.println(对象名)或者System.out.println(对象名.toString())输出的是此对象的类名和此对象对应内存的首地址 如果想自定义输出信息必须重写toString()方法

注意事项

1.必须被声明为public

2.返回类型为String

3.方法的名称必须为toString,且无参数

4.方法体中不要使用输出方法System.out.println()

import java.util.*; 
public class TreeSetTest { 
   
  public static void main(String[] args) { 
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub 
    SortedSet parts=new TreeSet(); 
    parts.add(new Item("Toaster", 1234)); 
    parts.add(new Item("Widget", 4562)); 
    parts.add(new Item("Modem", 9912)); 
    System.out.println(parts); 
    SortedSet sortByDescription=new TreeSet(new  
 Comparator() 
 { 
   public int compare(Item a, Item b) 
   { 
     String descrA=a.getDescription(); 
     String descrB=b.getDescription(); 
     return descrA.compareTo(descrB); 
   } 
 }); 
    sortByDescription.addAll(parts); 
    System.out.println(sortByDescription); 
  } 
} 
class Item implements Comparable 
{ 
  public Item(String aDescription, int aPartNumber) 
  { 
    description=aDescription; 
    partNumber=aPartNumber; 
  } 
  public String getDescription() 
  { 
    return description; 
  } 
  public boolean equals(Object otherObject) 
  { 
    if(this==otherObject) 
      return true; 
    if(otherObject==null) 
    { 
      return false; 
    } 
    if (getClass()!=otherObject.getClass()) 
    { 
      return false; 
    } 
    Item other=(Item)otherObject; 
    return description.equals(other.description)&& 
 partNumber==other.partNumber; 
  } 
  public int hashCode() 
  { 
    return 13*description.hashCode()+17*partNumber; 
  } 
  public int compareTo(Item other) 
  { 
    return partNumber-other.partNumber; 
  } 
  private String description; 
  private int partNumber; 
} 

输出为:

[Item@8c9e3a56, Item@d780c206, Item@39c021ba]
[Item@39c021ba, Item@8c9e3a56, Item@d780c206]

Item重载toString()方法后：

import java.util.*; 
public class TreeSetTest { 
   
  public static void main(String[] args) { 
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub 
    SortedSet parts=new TreeSet(); 
    parts.add(new Item("Toaster", 1234)); 
    parts.add(new Item("Widget", 4562)); 
    parts.add(new Item("Modem", 9912)); 
    System.out.println(parts); 
    SortedSet sortByDescription=new TreeSet(new  
 Comparator() 
 { 
   public int compare(Item a, Item b) 
   { 
     String descrA=a.getDescription(); 
     String descrB=b.getDescription(); 
     return descrA.compareTo(descrB); 
   } 
 }); 
    sortByDescription.addAll(parts); 
    System.out.println(sortByDescription); 
  } 
} 
class Item implements Comparable 
{ 
  public Item(String aDescription, int aPartNumber) 
  { 
    description=aDescription; 
    partNumber=aPartNumber; 
  } 
  public String getDescription() 
  { 
    return description; 
  } 
  public String toString() 
  { 
    return "[description="+description 
 +",partNumber="+partNumber+"]"; 
  } 
  public boolean equals(Object otherObject) 
  { 
    if(this==otherObject) 
      return true; 
    if(otherObject==null) 
    { 
      return false; 
    } 
    if (getClass()!=otherObject.getClass()) 
    { 
      return false; 
    } 
    Item other=(Item)otherObject; 
    return description.equals(other.description)&& 
 partNumber==other.partNumber; 
  } 
  public int hashCode() 
  { 
    return 13*description.hashCode()+17*partNumber; 
  } 
  public int compareTo(Item other) 
  { 
    return partNumber-other.partNumber; 
  } 
  private String description; 
  private int partNumber; 
} 

输出为:

[[description=Toaster,partNumber=1234], [description=Widget,partNumber=4562], [description=Modem,partNumber=9912]]
[[description=Modem,partNumber=9912], [description=Toaster,partNumber=1234], [description=Widget,partNumber=4562]]

总结

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