Spring Cloud是一系列框架的有序集合。它利用Spring Boot的开发便利性巧妙地简化了分布式系统基础设施的开发,如服务发现注册、配置中心、消息总线、负载均衡、断路器、数据监控等,都可以用Spring Boot的开发风格做到一键启动和部署。Spring并没有重复制造轮子,它只是将目前各家公司开发的比较成熟、经得起实际考验的服务框架组合起来,通过Spring Boot风格进行再封装屏蔽掉了复杂的配置和实现原理,最终给开发者留出了一套简单易懂、易部署和易维护的分布式系统开发工具包。
接下来我们就使用SpringCloud实现一套简单的微服务架构。
以下所有代码都已开源到github上了,地址:https://github.com/lynnlovemin/softservice
Eureka(服务注册与发现)
首先引入相关的依赖包
org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-parent1.5.9.RELEASE UTF-8 UTF-8 1.8 org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-eurekaorg.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-eureka-serverorg.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-weborg.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-testtest org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-dependenciesDalston.RC1 pom import org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-pluginspring-milestones Spring Milestones https://repo.spring.io/milestone false
配置application.yml
server:
port: 8761
eureka:
instance:
hostname: localhost
client:
registerWithEureka: false
fetchRegistry: false
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/
创建启动类Application
@EnableEurekaServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}
运行main方法,浏览器访问:http://localhost:8761,我们就能在浏览器看到如下界面:
说明eureka启动成功。
接下来,我们实现负债均衡、断路器、网关、客户端,所有的服务都应该注册到eureka中,并且访问eureka就能看到所有注册的服务
client(客户端)
pom.xml
org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-parent1.5.9.RELEASE UTF-8 UTF-8 1.8 org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-eurekaorg.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-weborg.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-testtest org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-dependenciesDalston.RC1 pom import org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-pluginspring-milestones Spring Milestones https://repo.spring.io/milestone false
application.yml
eureka: client: serviceUrl: defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/ #这里注册到eureka中 server: port: 8763 spring: application: name: service-hi
Application类
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@RestController
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Applicatioin.class, args);
}
@Value("${server.port}")
String port;
//这里我们提供一个接口
@RequestMapping("/hi")
public String home(@RequestParam String name) {
return "hi "+name+",i am from port:" +port;
}
}
Feign(负债均衡、断路器)
pom.xml
org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-parent1.5.9.RELEASE UTF-8 UTF-8 1.8 org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-eurekaorg.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-weborg.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-feignorg.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-actuatororg.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-hystrix-dashboardorg.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-testtest org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-dependenciesDalston.RC1 pom import org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-pluginspring-milestones Spring Milestones https://repo.spring.io/milestone false
application.yml
eureka: client: serviceUrl: defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/ server: port: 8765 spring: application: name: service-feign feign: hystrix: enabled: true
Application类
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
@EnableHystrixDashboard
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}
然后再提供一个service,他的作用就是做负债均衡和断路器功能
@FeignClient(value = "service-hi",fallback = SchedualServiceHiHystric.class)
public interface SchedualServiceHi {
@RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET)
String sayHiFromClientOne(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name);
}
@Component
public class SchedualServiceHiHystric implements SchedualServiceHi {
@Override
public String sayHiFromClientOne(String name) {
return "sorry "+name;
}
}
FeignClient我们指定之前创建client时指定的name:service-hi,fallback指定服务不可用时的返回数据,这样我们启动多个client时就可以看到http请求时会交替访问不同的feign端口,当停掉clien时再访问接口会返回错误信息。
zuul(服务网关)
在一般情况下,我们不会直接暴露客户端给外部,而是通过服务网关来转发,内部服务都是在局域网内通信,外部访问不了,通过服务网关,我们还可以统一做接口的安全性校验,统一拦截,请看代码:
pom.xml
org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-parent1.5.9.RELEASE UTF-8 UTF-8 1.8 org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-eurekaorg.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-weborg.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-zuulorg.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-testtest org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-dependenciesDalston.RC1 pom import org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-pluginspring-milestones Spring Milestones https://repo.spring.io/milestone false
application.yml
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
server:
port: 8080
spring:
application:
name: service-zuul
zuul:
routes:
api-b:
path: /api
@Component
public class MyFilter extends ZuulFilter{
private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyFilter.class);
@Override
public String filterType() {
return "pre";
}
@Override
public int filterOrder() {
return 0;
}
@Override
public boolean shouldFilter() {
return true;
}
@Override
public Object run() {
RequestContext ctx = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
HttpServletRequest request = ctx.getRequest();
log.info(String.format("%s >>> %s", request.getMethod(), request.getRequestURL().toString()));
Object accessToken = request.getParameter("token");
if(accessToken == null) {
log.warn("token is empty");
ctx.setSendZuulResponse(false);
ctx.setResponseStatusCode(401);
try {
ctx.getResponse().getWriter().write("token is empty");
}catch (Exception e){}
return null;
}
log.info("ok");
return null;
}
}
这样我们在调用接口前会先执行MyFilter类中的run方法,在这个方法里可以做一系列安全验证,比如token。
好了,一个简单的微服务架构就已经搭建完成了。
以上所有代码都已开源到github上了,地址:https://github.com/lynnlovemin/softservice
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的SpringCloud实现简单的微服务架构,希望对大家有所帮助,如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言,小编会及时回复



