SpringBoot 2.0 整合sharding-jdbc中间件实现数据分库分表

一、水平分割

1、水平分库
1)、概念：
 以字段为依据，按照一定策略，将一个库中的数据拆分到多个库中。
2)、结果
 每个库的结构都一样；数据都不一样；
 所有库的并集是全量数据；
2、水平分表
1)、概念
 以字段为依据，按照一定策略，将一个表中的数据拆分到多个表中。
2)、结果
 每个表的结构都一样；数据都不一样；
 所有表的并集是全量数据；

二、Shard-jdbc 中间件

1、架构图

2、特点

1)、Sharding-JDBC直接封装JDBC API，旧代码迁移成本几乎为零。
2)、适用于任何基于Java的ORM框架，如Hibernate、Mybatis等 。
3)、可基于任何第三方的数据库连接池，如DBCP、C3P0、 BoneCP、Druid等。
4)、以jar包形式提供服务，无proxy代理层，无需额外部署，无其他依赖。
5)、分片策略灵活，可支持等号、between、in等多维度分片，也可支持多分片键。
6)、SQL解析功能完善，支持聚合、分组、排序、limit、or等查询。

三、项目演示

1、项目结构

springboot     2.0 版本
druid          1.1.13 版本
sharding-jdbc  3.1 版本

2、数据库配置

一台基础库映射（shard_one）
两台库做分库分表（shard_two，shard_three）。
表使用：table_one，table_two

3、核心代码块

数据源配置文件

spring:
 datasource:
  # 数据源：shard_one
  dataOne:
   type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
   druid:
    driverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shard_one?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: 123
    initial-size: 10
    max-active: 100
    min-idle: 10
    max-wait: 60000
    pool-prepared-statements: true
    max-pool-prepared-statement-per-connection-size: 20
    time-between-eviction-runs-millis: 60000
    min-evictable-idle-time-millis: 300000
    max-evictable-idle-time-millis: 60000
    validation-query: SELECt 1 FROM DUAL
    # validation-query-timeout: 5000
    test-on-borrow: false
    test-on-return: false
    test-while-idle: true
    connectionProperties: druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=5000
  # 数据源：shard_two
  dataTwo:
   type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
   druid:
    driverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shard_two?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: 123
    initial-size: 10
    max-active: 100
    min-idle: 10
    max-wait: 60000
    pool-prepared-statements: true
    max-pool-prepared-statement-per-connection-size: 20
    time-between-eviction-runs-millis: 60000
    min-evictable-idle-time-millis: 300000
    max-evictable-idle-time-millis: 60000
    validation-query: SELECt 1 FROM DUAL
    # validation-query-timeout: 5000
    test-on-borrow: false
    test-on-return: false
    test-while-idle: true
    connectionProperties: druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=5000
  # 数据源：shard_three
  dataThree:
   type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
   druid:
    driverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shard_three?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: 123
    initial-size: 10
    max-active: 100
    min-idle: 10
    max-wait: 60000
    pool-prepared-statements: true
    max-pool-prepared-statement-per-connection-size: 20
    time-between-eviction-runs-millis: 60000
    min-evictable-idle-time-millis: 300000
    max-evictable-idle-time-millis: 60000
    validation-query: SELECt 1 FROM DUAL
    # validation-query-timeout: 5000
    test-on-borrow: false
    test-on-return: false
    test-while-idle: true
    connectionProperties: druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=5000

数据库分库策略

public class DataSourceAlg implements PreciseShardingAlgorithm {

  private static Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DataSourceAlg.class);
  @Override
  public String doSharding(Collection names, PreciseShardingValue value) {
    LOG.debug("分库算法参数 {},{}",names,value);
    int hash = HashUtil.rsHash(String.valueOf(value.getValue()));
    return "ds_" + ((hash % 2) + 2) ;
  }
}

数据表1分表策略

public class TableoneAlg implements PreciseShardingAlgorithm {
  private static Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TableOneAlg.class);
  
  @Override
  public String doSharding(Collection names, PreciseShardingValue value) {
    LOG.debug("分表算法参数 {},{}",names,value);
    int hash = HashUtil.rsHash(String.valueOf(value.getValue()));
    return "table_one_" + (hash % 5+1);
  }
}

数据表2分表策略

public class TableTwoAlg implements PreciseShardingAlgorithm {
  private static Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TableTwoAlg.class);
  
  @Override
  public String doSharding(Collection names, PreciseShardingValue value) {
    LOG.debug("分表算法参数 {},{}",names,value);
    int hash = HashUtil.rsHash(String.valueOf(value.getValue()));
    return "table_two_" + (hash % 5+1);
  }
}

数据源集成配置

@Configuration
public class ShardJdbcConfig {
  // 省略了 druid 配置，源码中有
  
  @Bean
  public DataSource dataSource (@Autowired DruidDataSource dataOneSource,
   @Autowired DruidDataSource dataTwoSource,
   @Autowired DruidDataSource dataThreeSource) throws Exception {
    ShardingRuleConfiguration shardJdbcConfig = new ShardingRuleConfiguration();
    shardJdbcConfig.getTableRuleConfigs().add(getTableRule01());
    shardJdbcConfig.getTableRuleConfigs().add(getTableRule02());
    shardJdbcConfig.setDefaultDataSourceName("ds_0");
    Map dataMap = new linkedHashMap<>() ;
    dataMap.put("ds_0",dataOneSource) ;
    dataMap.put("ds_2",dataTwoSource) ;
    dataMap.put("ds_3",dataThreeSource) ;
    Properties prop = new Properties();
    return ShardingDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(dataMap, shardJdbcConfig, new HashMap<>(), prop);
  }

  
  private static TableRuleConfiguration getTableRule01() {
    TableRuleConfiguration result = new TableRuleConfiguration();
    result.setLogicTable("table_one");
    result.setActualDataNodes("ds_${2..3}.table_one_${1..5}");
    result.setDatabaseShardingStrategyConfig(new StandardShardingStrategyConfiguration("phone", new DataSourceAlg()));
    result.setTableShardingStrategyConfig(new StandardShardingStrategyConfiguration("phone", new TableoneAlg()));
    return result;
  }
  private static TableRuleConfiguration getTableRule02() {
    TableRuleConfiguration result = new TableRuleConfiguration();
    result.setLogicTable("table_two");
    result.setActualDataNodes("ds_${2..3}.table_two_${1..5}");
    result.setDatabaseShardingStrategyConfig(new StandardShardingStrategyConfiguration("phone", new DataSourceAlg()));
    result.setTableShardingStrategyConfig(new StandardShardingStrategyConfiguration("phone", new TableTwoAlg()));
    return result;
  }
}

测试代码执行流程

@RestController
public class ShardController {
  @Resource
  private ShardService shardService ;
  
  @RequestMapping("/createTable")
  public String createTable (){
    shardService.createTable();
    return "success" ;
  }
  
  @RequestMapping("/insertOne")
  public String insertOne (){
    shardService.insertOne();
    return "SUCCESS" ;
  }
  
  @RequestMapping("/insertTwo")
  public String insertTwo (){
    shardService.insertTwo();
    return "SUCCESS" ;
  }
  
  @RequestMapping("/selectOneByPhone/{phone}")
  public TableOne selectoneByPhone (@PathVariable("phone") String phone){
    return shardService.selectoneByPhone(phone);
  }
  
  @RequestMapping("/selectTwoByPhone/{phone}")
  public TableTwo selectTwoByPhone (@PathVariable("phone") String phone){
    return shardService.selectTwoByPhone(phone);
  }
}

四、项目源码

GitHub：知了一笑

https://github.com/cicadasmile/middle-ware-parent

总结

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