Spring和SpringMVC的容器具有父子关系,Spring容器为父容器,SpringMVC为子容器,子容器可以引用父容器中的Bean,而父容器不可以引用子容器中的Bean。
了解了Spring与SpringMVC父子容器的关系,接下来让我们看看Spring与SpringMVC容器的初始化过程。
以下讲解使用的web.xml文件如下:
contextConfigLocation //指定spring ioc配置文件的位置classpath*:spring PropertyValues pvs = new ServletConfigPropertyValues(getServletConfig(), this.requiredProperties); //创建BeanWrapper实例,为DispatcherServlet设置属性 BeanWrapper bw = PropertyAccessorFactory.forBeanPropertyAccess(this); ResourceLoader resourceLoader = new ServletContextResourceLoader(getServletContext()); bw.registerCustomEditor(Resource.class, new ResourceEditor(resourceLoader, getEnvironment())); initBeanWrapper(bw); //把init-param中的参数设置到DispatcherServlet里面去 bw.setPropertyValues(pvs, true); } catch (BeansException ex) { logger.error("Failed to set bean properties on servlet '" + getServletName() + "'", ex); throw ex; } // Let subclasses do whatever initialization they like. //该方法在frameworkServlet中 initServletBean(); if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Servlet '" + getServletName() + "' configured successfully"); } }
frameworkServlet中的initServletBean方法
@Override
protected final void initServletBean() throws ServletException {
getServletContext().log("Initializing Spring frameworkServlet '" + getServletName() + "'");
if (this.logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
this.logger.info("frameworkServlet '" + getServletName() + "': initialization started");
}
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
try {
//创建springmvc的ioc容器实例
this.webApplicationContext = initWebApplicationContext();
initframeworkServlet();
}
catch (ServletException ex) {
this.logger.error("Context initialization failed", ex);
throw ex;
}
catch (RuntimeException ex) {
this.logger.error("Context initialization failed", ex);
throw ex;
}
if (this.logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
long elapsedTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;
this.logger.info("frameworkServlet '" + getServletName() + "': initialization completed in " +
elapsedTime + " ms");
}
}
frameworkServlet中的initWebapplicationContext方法
protected WebApplicationContext initWebApplicationContext() {
//首先通过ServletContext获得spring容器,因为子容器springMVC要和父容器spring容器进行关联
//这就是为什么要在ServletContext中注册spring ioc容器的原因
WebApplicationContext rootContext =
WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(getServletContext());
//定义springMVC容器wac
WebApplicationContext wac = null;
//判断容器是否由编程式传入(即是否已经存在了容器实例),存在的话直接赋值给wac,给springMVC容器设置父容器
//最后调用刷新函数configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(wac),作用是把springMVC的配置信息加载到容器中去(之前已经将配置信息的路径设置到了bw中)
if (this.webApplicationContext != null) {
// A context instance was injected at construction time -> use it
wac = this.webApplicationContext;
if (wac instanceof ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) {
ConfigurableWebApplicationContext cwac = (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) wac;
if (!cwac.isActive()) {
if (cwac.getParent() == null) {
// The context instance was injected without an explicit parent -> set
// the root application context (if any; may be null) as the parent
//将spring ioc设置为springMVC ioc的父容器
cwac.setParent(rootContext);
}
configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(cwac);
}
}
}
if (wac == null) {
// 在ServletContext中寻找是否有springMVC容器,初次运行是没有的,springMVC初始化完毕ServletContext就有了springMVC容器
wac = findWebApplicationContext();
}
//当wac既没有没被编程式注册到容器中的,也没在ServletContext找得到,此时就要新建一个springMVC容器
if (wac == null) {
// 创建springMVC容器
wac = createWebApplicationContext(rootContext);
}
if (!this.refreshEventReceived) {
//到这里mvc的容器已经创建完毕,接着才是真正调用DispatcherServlet的初始化方法onRefresh(wac)
onRefresh(wac);
}
if (this.publishContext) {
//将springMVC容器存放到ServletContext中去,方便下次取出来
String attrName = getServletContextAttributeName();
getServletContext().setAttribute(attrName, wac);
if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
this.logger.debug("Published WebApplicationContext of servlet '" + getServletName() +
"' as ServletContext attribute with name [" + attrName + "]");
}
}
return wac;
}
frameworkServlet中的createWebApplicationContext(WebApplicationContext parent)方法
protected WebApplicationContext createWebApplicationContext(ApplicationContext parent) {
Class> contextClass = getContextClass();
if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
this.logger.debug("Servlet with name '" + getServletName() +
"' will try to create custom WebApplicationContext context of class '" +
contextClass.getName() + "'" + ", using parent context [" + parent + "]");
}
if (!ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.class.isAssignableFrom(contextClass)) {
throw new ApplicationContextException(
"Fatal initialization error in servlet with name '" + getServletName() +
"': custom WebApplicationContext class [" + contextClass.getName() +
"] is not of type ConfigurableWebApplicationContext");
}
//实例化空白的ioc容器
ConfigurableWebApplicationContext wac =
(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) BeanUtils.instantiateClass(contextClass);
//给容器设置环境
wac.setEnvironment(getEnvironment());
//给容器设置父容器(就是spring容器),两个ioc容器关联在一起了
wac.setParent(parent);
//给容器加载springMVC的配置信息,之前已经通过bw将配置文件路径写入到了DispatcherServlet中
wac.setConfigLocation(getContextConfigLocation());
//上面提到过这方法,刷新容器,根据springMVC配置文件完成初始化操作,此时springMVC容器创建完成
configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(wac);
return wac;
}
DispatcherServlet的onRefresh(ApplicationContext context)方法
@Override
protected void onRefresh(ApplicationContext context) {
initStrategies(context);
}
DispatcherServlet的initStrategies(ApplicationContext context)方法
protected void initStrategies(ApplicationContext context) {
initMultipartResolver(context);//文件上传解析
initLocaleResolver(context);//本地解析
initThemeResolver(context);//主题解析
initHandlerMappings(context);//url请求映射
initHandlerAdapters(context);//初始化真正调用controloler方法的类
initHandlerExceptionResolvers(context);//异常解析
initRequestToViewNameTranslator(context);
initViewResolvers(context);//视图解析
initFlashMapManager(context);
}
总结以下DispatcherServlet及各个父类(接口)的功能:
HttpServlet:实现了init方法,完成web,xml中与DispatcherServlet有关的参数的读入,初始化DispatcherServlet。
frameworkServlet:完成了springMVC ioc 容器的创建,并且将spring ioc容器设置为springMVC ioc容器的父容器,将springMVC ioc容器注册到ServletContext中
DispatcherServlet:完成策略组件的初始化
至此,SpringMVC容器初始化完成
以上这篇浅谈Spring与SpringMVC父子容器的关系与初始化就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持考高分网。



