SpringCloud之Feign远程接口映射的实现

一.简介

SpringCloud是基于Restful的远程调用框架，引入Ribbon负载均衡组件后还需要客户端使用RestTemplate调用远程接口，操作起来还显得繁琐。SpringCloud提供了远程接口映射，将远程Restful服务映射为远程接口，消费端注入远程接口即可实现方法调用。

二.流程

1.新建远程接口映射模块service-api，并引入Feign接口映射依赖

 
  
    org.springframework.cloud
    spring-cloud-starter-feign
  

2.编写接口映射接口

package com.vincent.service;

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

@FeignClient("SERVICE-USER")
@RequestMapping("/service-user")
public interface IUserService {
  @GetMapping("/detail")
  Object detail(@RequestParam("id") Integer id);
}

3.配置消费端application.yml

server:
 port: 9001

eureka:
 client:
  service-url:
   defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/service-eureka/eureka
  register-with-eureka: false

4.消费端添加映射模块依赖

 
  com.vincent
  service-api
  1.0-SNAPSHOT

5.客户端注入需要使用的服务接口映射

package com.vincent.controller;

import com.vincent.service.IUserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;


@RestController
public class UserController {

  @Autowired
  private IUserService userService;

  @GetMapping("/detail")
  public Object detail(Integer id){
    return this.userService.detail(id);
  }
}

5.编写消费端启动类

package com.vincent;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.EnableFeignClients;


@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients({"com.vincent.service"})
@EnableEurekaClient
public class ConsumerApp {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApp.class,args);
  }
}

@EnableFeignClients 定义Feign接口映射扫描包，IOC容器会自动创建接口实现类

6.访问 http://localhost:9001/detail?id=1

三.总结

Feign接口映射服务端Restful接口会自动依赖Ribbon组件，实现客户端负载均衡。使用接口调用消费端远程接口就像调用本地方法一样。

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