RabbitMQ整合SpringBoot入门

• • 启动虚拟机
  • 启动RabbitMQ服务
  • 创建生产者maven工程
  • 导入依赖
  • 创建配置文件
  • 创建配置类
  • 创建启动类
  • 创建测试类
  • 启动测试类
  • 创建消费者maven工程
  • 导入依赖
  • 创建配置文件
  • 创建启动类
  • 创建消费者监听器
  • 启动启动类

1. 关闭防火墙：systemctl stop friewalld
2. 开启服务：systemctl start rabbitmq-server.servcie
3. 查看进程：ps -ef|grep rabbitmq

    
    
        spring-boot-starter-parent
        org.springframework.boot
        2.3.6.RELEASE
    

    
        
        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-amqp
        
        
        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-test
        
    

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: 192.168.137.130
    port: 5672 #RabbitMQ默认端口号
    virtual-host: /
    username: admin
    password: 199941

package com.atguigu.config;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringBootConfiguration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

@SpringBootConfiguration//声明当前类是一个springboot配置类
public class RabbitMQConfig {
    //准备一个字符串常量作为交换机名称
    public static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "springboot_topic_exchange";
    //准备一个字符串常量作为队列名称
    public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "springboot_queue";
    //创建交换机
    @Bean
    //返回的类型为org.springframework.amqp.core包下的Exchange
    public Exchange getExchange(){
        
        ExchangeBuilder topicExchange = ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(EXCHANGE_NAME);
        
        Exchange exchange = topicExchange.durable(true).build();
        return exchange;
    }
    //创建队列
    @Bean
    //返回的类型为org.springframework.amqp.core包下的Queue
    public Queue getQueue(){
        
        return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_NAME).build();
    }
    //将队列绑定到交换机
    @Bean
    //返回的类型为org.springframework.amqp.core包下的Binding
    //@Qualifier注解：在注入的过程中先根据类型注入，如果根据类型无法注入的话，根据属性名去容器里面找该属性
    public Binding bindQueueToExchangeE(Exchange exchange, Queue queue){
        //将队列绑定到交换机上
        //with方法：指定路由键
        //noargs方法：没有参数
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with("spring-boot.#").noargs();
    }
}

package com.atguigu;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication//标注当前类为springboot启动类
public class Application  {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);
    }
}

package com.atguigu;

import com.atguigu.config.RabbitMQConfig;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;


@SpringBootTest//标注当前类为springboot测试类
public class ProducerTest {
    
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    //测试发送消息
    @Test
    public void testSendMessage(){
        //使用 rabbitTemplate 的 convertAndSend 方法，将消息进行转换之后发送到了 RabbitMQ Server 中
        //其中第一个参数为交换机名称
        //第二个参数为路由key
        //第三个参数要发送的信息
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig.EXCHANGE_NAME,"spring-boot.haha","测试spring整合RabbitMQ");
    }
}

可以看到队列中产生了一条消息

    
    
        spring-boot-starter-parent
        org.springframework.boot
        2.3.6.RELEASE
    
        
        
        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-amqp
        
    

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: 192.168.137.130
    port: 5672 #RabbitMQ默认端口号
    virtual-host: /
    username: admin
    password: 199941

package com.atguigu;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;


@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);
    }
}

package com.atguigu.listener;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageProperties;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;


@Component
public class RabbitMQConsumerListener {
    //指定监听队列
    @RabbitListener(queues = "springboot_queue")
    //这里传入的参数是org.springframework.amqp.core下的message
    public void getMessage(Message message){
        //获取队列中的信息
        MessageProperties messageProperties = message.getMessageProperties();
        //获取交换机名称
        System.out.println("messageProperties.getReceivedExchange() = " + messageProperties.getReceivedExchange());
        //获取路由键
        System.out.println("messageProperties.getReceivedRoutingKey() = " + messageProperties.getReceivedRoutingKey());
        //获取消费者
        System.out.println("messageProperties.getConsumerTag() = " + messageProperties.getConsumerTag());
        //获取交付标签
        System.out.println("messageProperties.getDeliveryTag() = " + messageProperties.getDeliveryTag());
        //获取信息
        System.out.println("new String(message.getBody()) = " + new String(message.getBody()));
    }
}

可以看到控制台获取到了生产者发送的消息以及消息队列中的信息