1.列表的创建：
1.1创建一个普通列表
x=['张三','李四','王五','陈六'] print(x) #['张三', '李四', '王五', '陈六']
1.2使用range()函数创建列表
x=list(range(10)) print(x) #[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] y=list(range(1,15,2)) print(y) #[1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13]
1.3利用推导式创建列表
x=[0]*10 print(x) #[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0] x=[i for i in range(10)] print(x) #[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] x=[i**2 for i in range(10)] print(x) #[0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81]
1.4创建一个混合列表
x=[1,2,"shufan",[520],[1314]] print(x) #[1, 2, 'shufan', [520], [1314]]
2.列表的方法：
2.1应用append()函数向列表中添加元素
x=[i for i in range(10)] print(x) #[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] x.append(15) print(x) #0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 15] x.append([1,2,3]) print(x) #[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 15, [1, 2, 3]]
2.2使用extend()函数向列表末尾一次性追加多个元素
x=[i for i in range(10)] print(x) #[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] y=[15,20,25] x.extend(y) print(x) #[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 15, 20, 25]
2.3使用insert()函数向列表中某个位置插入元素
=[i for i in range(10)] print(x) #[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] x.insert(5,20) print(x) #[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 20, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] x.insert(7,[71,2,3]) print(x) #[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 20, 5, [71, 2, 3], 6, 7, 8, 9]
2.4list.remove()
x=[i for i in range(10)] print(x) #[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] x.remove(2) print(x) #[0, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] y=[1,1,2,3,4,5,5,6]#若列表中有多个相同的值，remove（）会去掉第一个 y.remove(5) print(y) #[1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
2.5 list.pop()默认去掉列表中的最后一个
x=[i for i in range(10)] print(x) #[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] x.pop() print(x) #[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
2.6 list.count(temp)计算列表中temp出现的次数
x=[1,1,2,3,4,5,6,5,7,5,8,9] print(x.count(5)) #3
2.7 list.reverse()反转列表中的元素顺序
x=[i**2 for i in range(10)] print(x) #[0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81] x.reverse() print(x) #[81, 64, 49, 36, 25, 16, 9, 4, 1, 0]
2.8 list.sort()对列表中的元素进行排序
x=[1,12,2,3,4,51,6,54,7,57,8,9] print(x) #[1, 12, 2, 3, 4, 51, 6, 54, 7, 57, 8, 9] x.sort()#默认reverse=False print(x) #[1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 51, 54, 57] x.sort(reverse=True) print(x) #[57, 54, 51, 12, 9, 8, 7, 6, 4, 3, 2, 1]
