文章目录
目录
文章目录
前言
一、程序实现需求？
二、实现步骤
1.引入头文件
2.创立信息结点
3，相应功能的代码实现
完整代码及成果展示
截图：
总结：
前言
提示：这里可以添加本文要记录的大概内容：
本文通讯录管理系统程序实现采用了简单的c++语言。但是c语言也可以采纳，只需将修改输入输出语句和头文件即可
一、程序实现需求？
本程序实现了：1，信息的输入 2，信息的显示
3，信息的删除 4，信息的查找
5，信息的修改 6，退出系统
7，按名字排序联系人
二、实现步骤
1.引入头文件
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include
using namespace std;
2.创立信息结点
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1 #includeusing namespace std;
2.创立信息结点
再实现程序之前，我们需要采用结构体来存储信息。为实现通讯录，我们需要联系人结构体和存储联系人的通讯录结构体
联系人结构体：
struct Person
{
string m_Name;//姓名
int m_Sex;//性别
int m_Age;//年龄
string m_Phone;//电话
string m_Addr;//住址
};
通讯录结构体：
struct Addressbooks
{
struct Person personArray[MAX];
int m_Size = 0;
};
3，相应功能的代码实现
首先，我们需要创建一个功能显示菜单，如下
void showMenu()
{
cout << "****1,添加联系人****" << endl;
cout << "****2,显示联系人****" << endl;
cout << "****3,删除联系人****" << endl;
cout << "****4,查找联系人****" << endl;
cout << "****5,修改联系人****" << endl;
cout << "****6,清空联系人****" << endl;
cout <<"***7,按名字排序联系人***"<
之后我们依次实现相应功能。
1，添加联系人功能：
当然了，在添加之前我们应该判断通讯录是否已满，如果无法添加则要告知用户，否则继续输入。当输入成功后，通讯录中的联系人应该加一。
代码实现如下：
//添加联系人
void addPerson(Addressbooks *abs)
{
if (abs->m_Size == MAX)
{
cout << "通讯录已满，无法添加!" << endl;
return;
}
else
{
//添加元素
cout << "输入姓名:" << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Name = name;
int sex;
while (true)
{
cout << "输入性别：" << endl;
cout << "1---man" << endl;
cout << "2---women" << endl;
cin >> sex;
if (sex == 1 || sex == 2)
{
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Sex = sex;
break;
}
cout << "输入错误，请重新输入性别!" << endl;
}
cout << "输入年龄" << endl;
int age;
cin >> age;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Age = age;
cout << "输入电话" << endl;
string number;
cin >> number;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Phone = number;
cout << "输入地址" << endl;
string addr;
cin >> addr;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Addr = addr;
cout << "添加成功" << endl;
abs->m_Size++;//数据元素加1
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
}
2，显示联系人功能
在显示联系人之前，我们同样得判断通讯录是否为空，之后遍历通讯录即可显示联系人信息
代码实现如下:
//显示联系人
void showPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
if (abs->m_Size == 0)
{
cout << "通讯录为空!" << endl;
return;
}
else
{
for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
{
cout << "姓名:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Name << "t";
cout << "性别:" << (abs->personArray[i].m_Sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "t";
cout << "年龄:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Age << "t";
cout << "电话:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Phone << "t";
cout << "地址:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Addr << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");//清屏功能
}
3,删除联系人功能：
在此之前，我们需要构造一个函数判断要删除的联系人是否存在，代码如下：
//判断查找的人是否存在
int isExist(Addressbooks *abs,string name)
{
for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
{
if (abs->personArray[i].m_Name == name)
return i;
}
return -1;
}
当然了，在之后的查找联系人，修改联系人功能中，我们同样需要判断被操作的联系人是否存在。
然后我们进行删除操作：
//删除联系人
void deletePerson(Addressbooks *abs)
{
cout << "请输入被删除人的姓名:" << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;
int ret = isExist(abs,name);
if (ret == -1)
cout << "查无此人!" << endl;
else
{
for (int i = ret; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
{
abs->personArray[i] = abs->personArray[i + 1];
abs->m_Size--;
}
cout << "删除成功！" << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
4，查找联系人功能：
判断被查找的联系人是否存在
//判断查找的人是否存在
int isExist(Addressbooks *abs,string name)
{
for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
{
if (abs->personArray[i].m_Name == name)
return i;
}
return -1;
}
实现查找操作：
//查找联系人
void findPerson(Addressbooks *abs)
{
cout << "请输入要查找的联系人姓名:";
string name;
cin >> name;
int ret = isExist(abs, name);
if (ret == -1)
cout << "查找的人不存在" << endl;
else
{
cout << "姓名:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Name<< "t";
cout << "性别:" <<( abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex == 1?"男":"女")<< "t";//显示性别时不能显示数字，所以需要三木运算符
cout << "年龄:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Age << "t";
cout << "电话:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone << "t";
cout << "地址:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Addr << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
5，修改联系人功能：
这个功能实现起来稍微有点麻烦，但是并不难。
我们可以修改联系人的任何信息。在此之前，我们需要创建一个修改信息选择的菜单，如下：
//修改信息菜单
void modefyInformation()
{
cout << "****1,姓名****" << endl;
cout << "****2,性别****" << endl;
cout << "****3,年龄****" << endl;
cout << "****4,电话****" << endl;
cout << "****5,地址****" << endl;
cout << "**0,退出修改**" << endl;
}
然后实现修改操作：
//修改联系人
void modefyPerson(Addressbooks *abs)
{
//显示信息再修改
showPerson(abs);
cout << "输入要修改的联系人姓名:" << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;
int ret = isExist(abs,name);
if (ret == -1)
cout << "查无此人" << endl;
else
{
while (true)
{
modefyInformation();
cout << "请输入要修改的信息序号:" << endl;
int n;
cin >> n;
switch(n)
{
case 1:
{cout << "请输入要修改的姓名:" << endl;
string modifyname;
cin >> modifyname;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Name = modifyname;
break; }
case 2:
{cout << "请输入要修改的性别:" << endl;
int modifysex;
cin >> modifysex;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex = (int )(modifysex ==1?"男":"女");
break; }
case 3:
{cout << "请输入要修改的年龄：" << endl;
int modifyage;
cin >> modifyage;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Age = modifyage;
break; }
case 4:
{cout << "请输入要修改的电话:" << endl;
string modifynum;
cin >> modifynum;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone = modifynum;
break; }
case 5:
{cout << "请输入要修改的地址" << endl;
string modifyaddr;
cin >> modifyaddr;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Addr = modifyaddr;
break; }
case 0:
{cout << "退出修改" << endl;
system("pause");
return;
break; }
}
}
}
}
6,清空通讯录功能
只需将通讯录结构体中的size赋值为0即可.
//清空联系人
void clearPerson(Addressbooks *abs)
{
abs->m_Size = 0;
cout << "清除成功" << endl;
}
7,按名字排序联系人
//以名字排序联系人信息
void sortPerson(Addresbooks* abs)
{
//int ret = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size - 1; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < abs->m_Size - 1 - i; j++)
{
//string p = abs->personArray[j].m_Name, p2 = abs->personArray[j + 1].m_Name;
if ((abs->personArray[j].m_Name>abs->personArray[j+1].m_Name) == 1)
{
Person temp;
temp = abs->personArray[j];
abs->personArray[j] = abs->personArray[j + 1];
abs->personArray[j + 1] = temp;
}
}
}
cout << "排序成功" << endl;
}
完整代码及成果展示
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include
using namespace std;
#define MAX 1000
struct Person
{
string m_Name;//姓名
int m_Sex;//性别
int m_Age;//年龄
string m_Phone;//电话
string m_Addr;//住址
};
//T通讯录结构体
struct Addressbooks
{
struct Person personArray[MAX];
int m_Size = 0;
};
void showMenu()
{
cout << "****1,添加联系人****" << endl;
cout << "****2,显示联系人****" << endl;
cout << "****3,删除联系人****" << endl;
cout << "****4,查找联系人****" << endl;
cout << "****5,修改联系人****" << endl;
cout << "****6,清空联系人****" << endl;
cout << "****0,退出通讯录****" << endl;
}
//添加联系人
void addPerson(Addressbooks *abs)
{
if (abs->m_Size == MAX)
{
cout << "通讯录已满，无法添加!" << endl;
return;
}
else
{
//添加元素
cout << "输入姓名:" << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Name = name;
int sex;
while (true)
{
cout << "输入性别：" << endl;
cout << "1---man" << endl;
cout << "2---women" << endl;
cin >> sex;
if (sex == 1 || sex == 2)
{
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Sex = sex;
break;
}
cout << "输入错误，请重新输入性别!" << endl;
}
cout << "输入年龄" << endl;
int age;
cin >> age;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Age = age;
cout << "输入电话" << endl;
string number;
cin >> number;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Phone = number;
cout << "输入地址" << endl;
string addr;
cin >> addr;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Addr = addr;
cout << "添加成功" << endl;
abs->m_Size++;//数据元素加1
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
}
//显示联系人
void showPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
if (abs->m_Size == 0)
{
cout << "通讯录为空!" << endl;
return;
}
else
{
for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
{
cout << "姓名:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Name << "t";
cout << "性别:" << (abs->personArray[i].m_Sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "t";
cout << "年龄:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Age << "t";
cout << "电话:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Phone << "t";
cout << "地址:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Addr << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");//清屏功能
}
//判断查找的人是否存在
int isExist(Addressbooks *abs,string name)
{
for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
{
if (abs->personArray[i].m_Name == name)
return i;
}
return -1;
}
//删除联系人
void deletePerson(Addressbooks *abs)
{
cout << "请输入被删除人的姓名:" << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;
int ret = isExist(abs,name);
if (ret == -1)
cout << "查无此人!" << endl;
else
{
for (int i = ret; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
{
abs->personArray[i] = abs->personArray[i + 1];
abs->m_Size--;
}
cout << "删除成功！" << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//查找联系人
void findPerson(Addressbooks *abs)
{
cout << "请输入要查找的联系人姓名:";
string name;
cin >> name;
int ret = isExist(abs, name);
if (ret == -1)
cout << "查找的人不存在" << endl;
else
{
cout << "姓名:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Name<< "t";
cout << "性别:" <<( abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex == 1?"男":"女")<< "t";//显示性别时不能显示数字，所以需要三木运算符
cout << "年龄:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Age << "t";
cout << "电话:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone << "t";
cout << "地址:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Addr << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//修改信息菜单
void modefyInformation()
{
cout << "****1,姓名****" << endl;
cout << "****2,性别****" << endl;
cout << "****3,年龄****" << endl;
cout << "****4,电话****" << endl;
cout << "****5,地址****" << endl;
cout << "**0,退出修改**" << endl;
}
//修改联系人
void modefyPerson(Addressbooks *abs)
{
//显示信息再修改
showPerson(abs);
cout << "输入要修改的联系人姓名:" << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;
int ret = isExist(abs,name);
if (ret == -1)
cout << "查无此人" << endl;
else
{
while (true)
{
modefyInformation();
cout << "请输入要修改的信息序号:" << endl;
int n;
cin >> n;
switch(n)
{
case 1:
{cout << "请输入要修改的姓名:" << endl;
string modifyname;
cin >> modifyname;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Name = modifyname;
break; }
case 2:
{cout << "请输入要修改的性别:" << endl;
int modifysex;
cin >> modifysex;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex = (int )(modifysex ==1?"男":"女");
break; }
case 3:
{cout << "请输入要修改的年龄：" << endl;
int modifyage;
cin >> modifyage;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Age = modifyage;
break; }
case 4:
{cout << "请输入要修改的电话:" << endl;
string modifynum;
cin >> modifynum;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone = modifynum;
break; }
case 5:
{cout << "请输入要修改的地址" << endl;
string modifyaddr;
cin >> modifyaddr;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Addr = modifyaddr;
break; }
case 0:
{cout << "退出修改" << endl;
system("pause");
return;
break; }
}
}
}
}
//清空联系人
void clearPerson(Addressbooks *abs)
{
abs->m_Size = 0;
cout << "清除成功" << endl;
}
int main()
{
int select = 0;
Addressbooks abs;
while (true)
{
showMenu();
cout << "输入功能:" << endl;
cin >> select;
switch (select)
{
case 1:
addPerson(&abs);
break;
case 2:
showPerson(&abs);
break;
case 3:
deletePerson(&abs);
break;
case 4:
findPerson(&abs);
break;
case 5:modefyPerson(&abs);
break;
case 6:
clearPerson(&abs);
break;
case 7:
sortPerson(&abs);
break;
case 0:
cout << "欢迎下次使用!" << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
break;
}
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
截图：
添加联系人
2，显示联系人
3，删除联系人
王麻子没了
4,查找联系人
5，修改联系人
6，清空联系人
7，排序联系人
总结：
需要使用结构体，指针以及一些基础语法。
使用c语言实现时需要库函数。
