深入理解Python Scrapy一【初识Scrapy】

• • 为什么选择Scrapy
  • Scrapy是什么
  • Scrapy如何工作
  • 开始使用Scrapy
  • • 1.安装Scrapy
    • 2.创建scrapy项目
    • 3.创建Scrapy爬虫
    • 4.Scrapy爬虫开发
    • 5.Scrapy数据持久化开发
  • 结语

在开始讲解Scrapy之前，先来和大家谈谈为什么选择Scrapy。在一年的爬虫开发过程中，我遇到过大大小小的问题，例如：

• 网页/接口不稳定从而导致超时
• 开发的爬虫性能低下，通常需要启动多个进程来提升性能
• 不同工程师开发的爬虫程序结构和风格参差不齐难以管理和维护
• 程序耦合度过高难以拓展
• 随机UA，随机代理，日志记录等额外工具需自己实现增大工作量
• …

针对以上种种问题，我们选择使用Scrapy。

An open source and collaborative framework for extracting the data you need from websites.
In a fast, simple, yet extensible way.

Scrapy是适用于Python的一个快速、简单、功能强大的web爬虫框架，通常用于抓取web站点并从页面中提取结构化的数据，也可以用来做监控与自动化测试。架构图如下所示：

理解工作原理更有益于后面的学习（也可先看后面的快速上手后再返回来看这里），Scrapy运行流程图如下所示：

运行过程如下：

1. 程序启动后将会创建一个/多个Spiders（爬虫），Spiders会将Requests（请求）经过SpiderMiddlewares（爬虫中间件）加工，再交给Engine（引擎）。
2. Engine将Spiders传递过来多个请求转交给Scheduler（调度器），由调度器来安排请求。
3. Scheduler将需要马上执行的请求交回给Engine。
4. Engine将请求经过DownloaderMiddlewares（下载器中间件）加工，再发送给Downloader（下载器）。
5. Downloader使用Requests完成页面/接口的下载，并生成Responses（响应）, 将Responses经过DownloaderMiddlewares再转交给Engine。
6. Engine将Responses经过SpiderMiddlewares交回给爬虫处理Responses。
7. Spiders处理Responses后产生的结果返回给Engine。（Spiders处理 Responses）
8. 步骤7 中Spiders处理结果返回的Requests对象将回到步骤2;返回的Items（数据结构化对象）或者dict（字典对象）将交给ItemPipelines（数据管道）处理。
9. 通过定制ItemPipelines来控制数据如何持久化及处理。

通过如下命令安装Scrapy：

pip install scrapy

Scrapy安装完成会提供一个scrapy工具, 通过命令scrapy --help显示如下则表示安装成功：

> scrapy --help
Scrapy 2.6.2 - no active project

Usage:
  scrapy  [options] [args]

Available commands:
  bench         Run quick benchmark test
  commands
  fetch         Fetch a URL using the Scrapy downloader
  genspider     Generate new spider using pre-defined templates
  runspider     Run a self-contained spider (without creating a project)
  settings      Get settings values
  shell         Interactive scraping console
  startproject  Create new project
  version       Print Scrapy version
  view          Open URL in browser, as seen by Scrapy

  [ more ]      More commands available when run from project directory

Use "scrapy  -h" to see more info about a command

通过命令scrapy startproject xxx创建一个Scrapy项目：

scrapy startproject MySpider

命令执行之后在当前目录下会生成一个MySpider的目录，目录结构如下所示：

MySpider/
├─scrapy.cfg
└─MySpider/
  ├─items.py
  ├─middlewares.py
  ├─pipelines.py
  ├─settings.py
  ├─__init__.py
  └─spiders/
    └─__init__.py

• items.py文件存放自定义的Items
• middlewares.py 文件存放SpiderMiddlewares和DownloaderMiddlewares
• pipelines.py 文件存放自定义的ItemPipelines
• settings.py 文件存放全局的配置信息
• spiders/ 目录存放所有Spiders

之后以第一个MySpider/目录作为项目根目录

创建Scrapy爬虫命令scrapy genspider [spidername] [allow_domain] 以慢慢买历史价格接口为例，创建慢慢买爬虫：

scrapy genspider manmanbuy manmanbuy.com

慢慢买历史价格爬取流程：

1. 访问 http://tool.manmanbuy.com/HistoryLowest.aspx 页面获取隐藏的 标签的 value 值。
2. 通过 步骤1 获取的 value 值， 加工生成请求头的 Authorization 参数
3. 生成 请求参数 token 的值
4. 调用 http://tool.manmanbuy.com/api.ashx 接口获取商品历史价格 (该接口依赖有效cookie, 如何获取有效cookie不是本文重点暂不说明)

此时在spiders/目录下就能找到生成的manmanbuy.py文件,文件内容如下:

import scrapy


class ManmanbuySpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'manmanbuy'
    allowed_domains = ['manmanbuy.com']
    start_urls = ['http://manmanbuy.com/']

    def parse(self, response):
        pass

其中name为爬虫名称, allowed_domains 为允许访问的域名, start_urls 为启动爬取的地址。

Spider 支持两种启动爬取方式, 一种为便捷的配置start_urls方式, 启动后将直接爬取配置的url, 另一种为重写start_requests方法，返回自定义初始化的Request

4.1. 编写Spiders（MySpider/spiders/manmanbuy.py）：

import scrapy
from urllib.parse import quote
import hashlib
import time
import copy


class ManmanbuySpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'manmanbuy'
    allowed_domains = ['manmanbuy.com']

    def start_requests(self):
        # 以京东单个商品查询历史价格为例, 商品ID: 100011493273
        item_urls = ['https://item.jd.com/100011493273.html']
        # 定义请求头
        headers = {
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/96.0.4664.110 Safari/537.36',
        }
        # 第一步先从h5页面获取ticket参数
        for item_url in item_urls:
            yield scrapy.Request(url='http://tool.manmanbuy.com/HistoryLowest.aspx?url=' + item_url,
                                 headers=headers,
                                 # 透传参数
                                 meta={'key': item_url})

    def parse(self, response: scrapy.http.Response):
        # 从页面中获取ticket值
        ticket = response.css('#ticket')[0].attrib['value']
        # 获取下一段接口请求参数
        req = parse_req({'key': response.meta['key'], 'method': 'getHistoryTrend'})
        # 请求头
        headers = {
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/96.0.4664.110 Safari/537.36',
            # 计算auth
            'Authorization': parse_basic_auth(ticket),
        }
        return scrapy.FormRequest(url='http://tool.manmanbuy.com/api.ashx',
                                  method='POST',
                                  formdata=req,
                                  headers=headers,
                                  cookies=self.get_cookies(),
                                  # 自定义回调地址
                                  callback=self.parse_history_price)

    def get_cookies(self):
        # 省略获取cookie逻辑
        cks = '_ga=GA1.2.604426644.1596510819; ASP.NET_SessionId=bbyuxdftfkcf5mrijdgkmnc5; Hm_lvt_01a310dc95b71311522403c3237671ae=1658906329; Hm_lvt_85f48cee3e51cd48eaba80781b243db3=1658748396,1658906330; _gid=GA1.2.472137414.1658906330; _gat_gtag_UA_145348783_1=1; 60014_mmbuser=VQYJA1IFBTBSVwNdClFVUgdRUQcLUgdXDg1RBgNTAVVUVAZRBQFeAw%3d%3d; Hm_lpvt_85f48cee3e51cd48eaba80781b243db3=1658906625; Hm_lpvt_01a310dc95b71311522403c3237671ae=1658906625'
        cookies = {}
        for one in cks.split(';'):
            k, v = one.strip().split("=")
            cookies[k] = v
        return cookies

    def parse_history_price(self, response: scrapy.http.Response):
        # 输出相应
        self.logger.info(response.text)


def parse_basic_auth(ticket):
    """
    这是解析ticket的值啊，就是上面说的那逻辑
    """
    return 'BasicAuth ' + ticket[:160][-4:] + ticket[:160 - 4]


def parse_req(d):
    """
    这是解析请求,增加t和token参数
    """
    d['t'] = str(int(time.time() * 1000))
    n = copy.deepcopy(d)
    ks = list(n.keys())
    ks.sort()
    ask = 'c5c3f201a8e8fc634d37a766a0299218'
    mask = ask
    for k in ks:
        mask += f'{k}{quote(str(n[k])).replace("/", "%2F")}'
    mask += ask
    mask = mask.upper()
    md5 = hashlib.md5()
    md5.update(mask.encode('utf-8'))
    d['token'] = md5.hexdigest().upper()
    return d

4.2. 修改Settings（MySpider/settings.py）：

# robots.txt 文件检查, 默认为: true, 需要改为Flase
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False

运行scrapy crawl manmanbuy命令启动爬虫, 观察日志能够正常获取数据：

{"msg":"","code":0,"data":{"haveTrend":1,"changPriceRemark":"降幅5%","runtime":41,"zouShi_test":2,"changePriceCount":14,"spbh":"1|100011493273","spUrl":"https://item.jd.com/100011493273.html","spPic":"http://img13.360buyimg.com/n7/jfs/t1/201578/31/15673/77560/619479ceEd1bde507/c0dab826b71e0b84.jpg","currentPrice":1049.00,"spName":"荣耀Play5T 22.5W超级快充 5000mAh大电池 6.5英寸护眼屏 全网通8GB+128GB极光蓝","lowerDate":"2022-03-08T00:00:00+08:00","lowerPrice":899.00,"bjid":551120462,"zouShi":2,"siteId":1,"siteName":"京东商城","datePrice":"[1621353600000,1199.00,""],[1621440000000,1199.00,""],[1621526400000,1199.00,""],[1621612800000,1199.00,""],[1621699200000,1199.00,""],[1621785600000,1199.00,""],[1621872000000,1199.00,""],[1621958400000,1199.00,""],[1622044800000,1199.00,""],[1622131200000,1199.00,""],[1622217600000,1199.00,""],[1622304000000,1199.00,""],[1622390400000,1199.00,""],[1622476800000,1199.00,""],[1622563200000,1199.00,""],[1622649600000,1199.00,""],[1622736000000,1199.00,""],[1622822400000,1199.00,""],[1622908800000,1199.00,""],[1622995200000,1199.00,""],[1623081600000,1199.00,""],[1623168000000,1199.00,""],[1623254400000,1199.00,""],[1623340800000,1199.00,"1199元"],[1623427200000,1199.00,""],[1623513600000,1199.00,""],[1623600000000,1199.00,""],[1623686400000,1199.00,""],[1623772800000,1199.00,""],[1623859200000,1199.00,""],[1623945600000,1099.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,满减：每满1180减100"],[1624032000000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1624118400000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1624204800000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1624291200000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1624377600000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1624464000000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1624550400000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1624636800000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1624723200000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1624809600000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1624896000000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1624982400000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1625068800000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1625155200000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1625241600000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1625328000000,1199.00,""],[1625414400000,1199.00,""],[1625500800000,1189.0,"京东秒杀价:1189"],[1625587200000,1199.00,""],[1625673600000,1189.0,""],[1625760000000,1199.0,""],[1625846400000,1189.0,""],[1625932800000,1199.0000,""],[1626019200000,1199.0000,""],[1626105600000,1189.0,""],[1626192000000,1199.0,""],[1626278400000,1189.0,""],[1626364800000,1199.0000,""],[1626451200000,1199.0000,""],[1626537600000,1199.0000,""],[1626624000000,1199.0000,""],[1626710400000,1199.0000,""],[1626796800000,1199.0000,""],[1626883200000,1189.00,""],[1626969600000,1199.0000,""],[1627056000000,1199.0000,""],[1627142400000,1199.0000,""],[1627228800000,1199.0000,""],[1627315200000,1189.00,""],[1627401600000,1199.0000,""],[1627488000000,1189.00,"1189元"],[1627574400000,1189.00,""],[1627660800000,1199.00,""],[1627747200000,1179.00,"1179元"],[1627833600000,1189.0000,""],[1627920000000,1199.00,""],[1628006400000,1199.00,""],[1628092800000,1189.00,""],[1628179200000,1189.0000,""],[1628265600000,1189.0000,""],[1628352000000,1189.0000,""],[1628438400000,1199.00,""],[1628524800000,1189.00,""],[1628611200000,1199.0,""],[1628697600000,1189.0000,""],[1628784000000,1189.0000,""],[1628870400000,1189.0000,""],[1628956800000,1199.00,"1199元"],[1629043200000,1189.0000,""],[1629129600000,1199.00,""],[1629216000000,1189.00,""],[1629302400000,1199.0000,""],[1629388800000,1169.0,"京东秒杀价:1169"],[1629475200000,1199.00,""],[1629561600000,1199.00,""],[1629648000000,1199.00,""],[1629734400000,1169.00,""],[1629820800000,1199.0,""],[1629907200000,1189.0,"京东秒杀价:1189"],[1629993600000,1199.00,""],[1630080000000,1199.00,""],[1630166400000,1199.00,""],[1630252800000,1199.00,""],[1630339200000,1189.00,"1189元包邮"],[1630425600000,1189.00,""],[1630512000000,1175.00,"购买1件,plus价格1175"],[1630598400000,1189.00,""],[1630684800000,1199.0,""],[1630771200000,1189.0000,""],[1630857600000,1199.0,""],[1630944000000,1189.0000,""],[1631030400000,1199.0,""],[1631116800000,1099.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,满减：每满1180减100"],[1631203200000,1189.0000,""],[1631289600000,1189.00,""],[1631376000000,1199.00,""],[1631462400000,1189.0000,""],[1631548800000,1189.0,""],[1631635200000,1199.0,""],[1631721600000,1189.00,""],[1631808000000,1199.00,""],[1631894400000,1189.0,""],[1631980800000,1199.0,""],[1632067200000,1169.00,""],[1632153600000,1169.00,""],[1632240000000,1169.00,""],[1632326400000,1189.0,""],[1632412800000,1169.0,""],[1632499200000,1199.0,""],[1632585600000,1169.00,""],[1632672000000,1199.00,""],[1632758400000,1169.0,""],[1632844800000,1199.0000,""],[1632931200000,1169.0,""],[1633017600000,1169.0,""],[1633104000000,1169.0,""],[1633190400000,1169.00,""],[1633276800000,1169.0000,""],[1633363200000,1199.00,""],[1633449600000,1199.00,""],[1633536000000,1169.0,""],[1633622400000,1169.0,""],[1633708800000,1169.0,"京东秒杀价:1169"],[1633795200000,1169.0,""],[1633881600000,1199.00,""],[1633968000000,1169.00,""],[1634054400000,1199.0,""],[1634140800000,1169.00,""],[1634227200000,1199.0,""],[1634313600000,1199.0,""],[1634400000000,1169.0,""],[1634486400000,1199.0,""],[1634572800000,1169.00,""],[1634659200000,1199.0000,""],[1634745600000,1169.00,""],[1634832000000,1199.0,""],[1634918400000,1199.0,""],[1635004800000,1199.0,""],[1635091200000,1199.0,""],[1635177600000,1199.0,""],[1635264000000,1199.0,""],[1635350400000,1199.0,""],[1635436800000,1199.0,""],[1635523200000,1099.00,"1099元 "],[1635609600000,1099.0,""],[1635696000000,1099.00,""],[1635782400000,1099.00,""],[1635868800000,1099.00,""],[1635955200000,1099.00,"购买1件,plus价格1099"],[1636041600000,949.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,可叠加优惠券2：满880减150"],[1636128000000,1099.00,""],[1636214400000,1199.0,""],[1636300800000,1099.0,""],[1636387200000,1099.0,""],[1636473600000,1099.0,""],[1636560000000,979.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：每满1080减120"],[1636646400000,1099.0000,""],[1636732800000,1199.00,""],[1636819200000,1199.00,""],[1636905600000,1199.00,""],[1636992000000,1199.00,""],[1637078400000,1099.00,""],[1637164800000,1099.00,""],[1637251200000,1099.00,""],[1637337600000,1099.00,""],[1637424000000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1637510400000,1099.00,""],[1637596800000,1099.0,""],[1637683200000,1099.00,""],[1637769600000,1099.00,""],[1637856000000,1099.00,""],[1637942400000,1099.00,""],[1638028800000,1199.0000,""],[1638115200000,1199.00,""],[1638201600000,1199.00,""],[1638288000000,1099.0,""],[1638374400000,1099.00,""],[1638460800000,1099.00,""],[1638547200000,1199.0,""],[1638633600000,1199.00,""],[1638720000000,1099.0,""],[1638806400000,1099.00,""],[1638892800000,1099.00,""],[1638979200000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1639065600000,1099.00,""],[1639152000000,1089.0,""],[1639238400000,1089.0,""],[1639324800000,1099.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,满减：满1150减100"],[1639411200000,1099.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,满减：满1150减100"],[1639497600000,1099.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,满减：满1150减100"],[1639584000000,1099.00,""],[1639670400000,1099.0,""],[1639756800000,1099.0,""],[1639843200000,1099.0,""],[1639929600000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1640016000000,1099.0,""],[1640102400000,1099.0,""],[1640188800000,1099.0,""],[1640275200000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1640361600000,1099.0,""],[1640448000000,1069.0,""],[1640534400000,1099.0,""],[1640620800000,1099.0,""],[1640707200000,1099.0,""],[1640793600000,1099.0,""],[1640880000000,1099.0,""],[1640966400000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1641052800000,1099.0,""],[1641139200000,1099.0,""],[1641225600000,1099.0,""],[1641312000000,1099.0,""],[1641398400000,1099.0,""],[1641484800000,1099.0,""],[1641571200000,1099.0,""],[1641657600000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1641744000000,1099.0,""],[1641830400000,1099.0,""],[1641916800000,1099.0,""],[1642003200000,1099.0,""],[1642089600000,1099.0,""],[1642176000000,1099.0,""],[1642262400000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1642348800000,1099.00,""],[1642435200000,1099.00,""],[1642521600000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1642608000000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1642694400000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1642780800000,1099.0,""],[1642867200000,1099.0,""],[1642953600000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1643040000000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1643126400000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1643212800000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1643299200000,1099.0,""],[1643385600000,1099.0,""],[1643472000000,1099.0,""],[1643558400000,949.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50,可叠加优惠券2：满880减100"],[1643644800000,949.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50,可叠加优惠券2：满880减100"],[1643731200000,1099.0,""],[1643817600000,1099.0,""],[1643904000000,1099.0,""],[1643990400000,1099.0,""],[1644076800000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1644163200000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1644249600000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1644336000000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1644422400000,1099.00,""],[1644508800000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1644595200000,1199.00,"1199元"],[1644681600000,1199.00,"1089元"],[1644768000000,1039.00,"购买1件,当前价:1089.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1644854400000,1039.00,"购买1件,当前价:1089.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1644940800000,1099.00,"1049元"],[1645027200000,1099.00,""],[1645113600000,1099.00,""],[1645200000000,1099.00,""],[1645286400000,1099.00,""],[1645372800000,1099.00,""],[1645459200000,1099.00,""],[1645545600000,1099.00,""],[1645632000000,1099.00,""],[1645718400000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1645804800000,1099.00,"1069元"],[1645891200000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1645977600000,1099.00,""],[1646064000000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1646150400000,1099.00,""],[1646236800000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1646323200000,1099.00,""],[1646409600000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1646496000000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1646582400000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1646668800000,899.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：每满1080减200"],[1646755200000,1099.00,""],[1646841600000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1646928000000,1099.0,""],[1647014400000,1099.0,""],[1647100800000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1647187200000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1647273600000,1099.00,""],[1647360000000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1647446400000,1049.0,"购买1件,当前价:1099.0,满减：满1050减50"],[1647532800000,1099.0,""],[1647619200000,1099.00,""],[1647705600000,1099.00,""],[1647792000000,1099.00,""],[1647878400000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1647964800000,1099.00,""],[1648051200000,1099.00,""],[1648137600000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1648224000000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1648310400000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1648396800000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1648483200000,1039.00,"购买1件,当前价:1089.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1648569600000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1648656000000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1648742400000,1049.00,""],[1648828800000,1049.00,""],[1648915200000,1049.00,"1049元"],[1649001600000,1099.00,""],[1649088000000,1049.00,""],[1649174400000,1049.00,""],[1649260800000,1049.00,""],[1649347200000,1049.00,""],[1649433600000,1099.00,""],[1649520000000,1099.00,""],[1649606400000,1099.00,""],[1649692800000,1049.0,"购买1件,当前价格1049"],[1649779200000,1099.00,""],[1649865600000,1099.00,""],[1649952000000,1049.00,"1049元"],[1650038400000,1099.00,""],[1650124800000,1049.00,""],[1650211200000,1049.00,""],[1650297600000,1049.00,""],[1650384000000,1049.00,""],[1650470400000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1650556800000,1099.00,""],[1650643200000,1099.00,""],[1650729600000,1099.00,""],[1650816000000,1099.00,""],[1650902400000,1099.00,""],[1650988800000,1099.00,""],[1651075200000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1651161600000,1099.00,""],[1651248000000,1099.00,""],[1651334400000,1049.00,""],[1651420800000,1099.00,""],[1651507200000,1099.0000,""],[1651593600000,1099.0000,""],[1651680000000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1651766400000,1089.0,"购买1件,当前价格1089"],[1651852800000,1049.00,""],[1651939200000,1089.00,""],[1652025600000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1652112000000,1089.00,""],[1652198400000,1049.00,""],[1652284800000,1089.00,""],[1652371200000,1049.00,""],[1652457600000,1099.00,""],[1652544000000,1099.00,""],[1652630400000,1099.00,""],[1652716800000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1652803200000,1099.00,""],[1652889600000,1099.00,""],[1652976000000,1049.00,""],[1653062400000,1099.00,""],[1653148800000,1099.00,""],[1653235200000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1653321600000,1099.00,""],[1653408000000,1099.00,""],[1653494400000,1099.00,""],[1653580800000,1099.00,""],[1653667200000,1099.00,""],[1653753600000,1099.00,""],[1653840000000,1099.00,""],[1653926400000,1049.0,""],[1654012800000,1049.00,""],[1654099200000,1049.00,""],[1654185600000,1049.00,""],[1654272000000,1049.00,""],[1654358400000,1049.00,""],[1654444800000,1049.00,""],[1654531200000,1049.00,""],[1654617600000,1049.00,""],[1654704000000,1049.00,""],[1654790400000,1049.00,""],[1654876800000,1049.00,""],[1654963200000,1049.00,""],[1655049600000,1049.00,""],[1655136000000,1049.00,""],[1655222400000,1049.00,""],[1655308800000,1049.00,"1049元"],[1655395200000,1049.00,""],[1655481600000,1049.00,""],[1655568000000,1049.00,""],[1655654400000,1049.00,""],[1655740800000,1049.00,""],[1655827200000,1049.00,"1049元"],[1655913600000,1049.00,""],[1656000000000,1049.00,""],[1656086400000,1049.00,""],[1656172800000,1049.00,"1049元"],[1656259200000,1049.00,""],[1656345600000,1049.00,""],[1656432000000,1049.00,""],[1656518400000,1049.00,""],[1656604800000,1049.00,"1049元"],[1656691200000,1049.00,""],[1656777600000,1049.00,""],[1656864000000,1049.00,"1049元"],[1656950400000,1049.00,""],[1657036800000,1049.00,""],[1657123200000,1049.00,""],[1657209600000,1049.00,""],[1657296000000,1049.00,""],[1657382400000,1049.00,""],[1657468800000,1049.00,""],[1657555200000,1049.00,""],[1657641600000,1049.00,""],[1657728000000,1049.00,""],[1657814400000,1049.00,""],[1657900800000,1049.00,"1049元"],[1657987200000,1049.00,""],[1658073600000,1049.00,""],[1658160000000,1049.00,""],[1658246400000,1049.00,""],[1658332800000,1049.00,"1049元"],[1658419200000,1049.00,""],[1658505600000,1049.00,""],[1658592000000,1049.00,""],[1658678400000,1049.00,""],[1658764800000,1049.00,""],[1658851200000,1049.00,""]","ZheKouCount":95},"count":0}

5.1. 编写Items（NySpider/items.py）：

import scrapy

class HistoryPriceItem(scrapy.Item):
    """
    自定义历史价格存储Item
    """
    # 商品URL
    itemUrl = scrapy.Field()
    # 图片URL
    picUrl = scrapy.Field()
    # 历史价格信息
    detailPrice = scrapy.Field()

5.2. 编写ItemPipelines（MySpider/pipelines.py）, 以文件存储为例：

import scrapy.crawler
from itemadapter import ItemAdapter
from scrapy import signals

class FilePipeline:

    def __init__(self, filename='store.txt'):
        self.filename = filename

    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        # 使用适配器包装item, 防止直接对item进行修改/删除影响后续Pipeline
        adapter = ItemAdapter(item)
        # 写入文件
        self.fp.write(adapter.get('itemUrl') + "    " + adapter.get('picUrl') + "    " + adapter.get('detailPrice') + 'n')
        return item

    @classmethod
    def from_crawler(cls, crawler:scrapy.crawler.Crawler):
        s = cls()
        # 通过信号绑定行为
        # 爬虫启动时创建文件fp
        crawler.signals.connect(s.opened, signal=signals.spider_opened)
        # 爬虫停止时关闭文件fp
        crawler.signals.connect(s.closed, signal=signals.spider_closed)
        return s

    def closed(self, spider):
        self.fp.close()

    def opened(self, spider):
        self.fp = open(self.filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8')
        self.fp.write('商品URL    主图URL    历史价格信息n')

5.3. 修改Spiders（MySpider/spiders/manmanbuy.py）：

import scrapy
import json
from MySpider.items import HistoryPriceItem


class ManmanbuySpider(scrapy.Spider):
     # 省略未修改内容
     
     custom_settings = {
         # 配置使用的Item管道
        'ITEM_PIPELINES': {
            'MySpider.pipelines.FilePipeline': 300,
        }
    }
     
    def parse_history_price(self, response: scrapy.http.Response):
        # 解析价格响应
        self.logger.info(response.text)
        data = json.loads(response.text)
        # 返回Item
        return HistoryPriceItem(itemUrl=data['data']['spUrl'], picUrl=data['data']['spPic'], detailPrice=data['data']['datePrice'])

这里说明一下scrapy有5种添加配置方式，常用的有3种，高优先级配置会覆盖低优先级相同的Key的配置，不同的Key的配置则组合起来，按优先级从高到底分别是：

1. 命令行配置
2. 爬虫配置
3. 项目全局配置

Spiders中的custom_settings参数就是爬虫配置

5.4. 运行scrapy crawl manmanbuy命令启动爬虫，观察当前目录发现生成一个store.txt文件，文件内容如下：

商品URL    主图URL    历史价格信息
https://item.jd.com/100011493273.html    http://img13.360buyimg.com/n7/jfs/t1/201578/31/15673/77560/619479ceEd1bde507/c0dab826b71e0b84.jpg    [1621353600000,1199.00,""],[1621440000000,1199.00,""],[1621526400000,1199.00,""],[1621612800000,1199.00,""],[1621699200000,1199.00,""],[1621785600000,1199.00,""],[1621872000000,1199.00,""],[1621958400000,1199.00,""],[1622044800000,1199.00,""],[1622131200000,1199.00,""],[1622217600000,1199.00,""],[1622304000000,1199.00,""],[1622390400000,1199.00,""],[1622476800000,1199.00,""],[1622563200000,1199.00,""],[1622649600000,1199.00,""],[1622736000000,1199.00,""],[1622822400000,1199.00,""],[1622908800000,1199.00,""],[1622995200000,1199.00,""],[1623081600000,1199.00,""],[1623168000000,1199.00,""],[1623254400000,1199.00,""],[1623340800000,1199.00,"1199元"],[1623427200000,1199.00,""],[1623513600000,1199.00,""],[1623600000000,1199.00,""],[1623686400000,1199.00,""],[1623772800000,1199.00,""],[1623859200000,1199.00,""],[1623945600000,1099.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,满减：每满1180减100"],[1624032000000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1624118400000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1624204800000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1624291200000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1624377600000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1624464000000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1624550400000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1624636800000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1624723200000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1624809600000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1624896000000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1624982400000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1625068800000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1625155200000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1625241600000,1139.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,可叠加优惠券2：满750减60"],[1625328000000,1199.00,""],[1625414400000,1199.00,""],[1625500800000,1189.0,"京东秒杀价:1189"],[1625587200000,1199.00,""],[1625673600000,1189.0,""],[1625760000000,1199.0,""],[1625846400000,1189.0,""],[1625932800000,1199.0000,""],[1626019200000,1199.0000,""],[1626105600000,1189.0,""],[1626192000000,1199.0,""],[1626278400000,1189.0,""],[1626364800000,1199.0000,""],[1626451200000,1199.0000,""],[1626537600000,1199.0000,""],[1626624000000,1199.0000,""],[1626710400000,1199.0000,""],[1626796800000,1199.0000,""],[1626883200000,1189.00,""],[1626969600000,1199.0000,""],[1627056000000,1199.0000,""],[1627142400000,1199.0000,""],[1627228800000,1199.0000,""],[1627315200000,1189.00,""],[1627401600000,1199.0000,""],[1627488000000,1189.00,"1189元"],[1627574400000,1189.00,""],[1627660800000,1199.00,""],[1627747200000,1179.00,"1179元"],[1627833600000,1189.0000,""],[1627920000000,1199.00,""],[1628006400000,1199.00,""],[1628092800000,1189.00,""],[1628179200000,1189.0000,""],[1628265600000,1189.0000,""],[1628352000000,1189.0000,""],[1628438400000,1199.00,""],[1628524800000,1189.00,""],[1628611200000,1199.0,""],[1628697600000,1189.0000,""],[1628784000000,1189.0000,""],[1628870400000,1189.0000,""],[1628956800000,1199.00,"1199元"],[1629043200000,1189.0000,""],[1629129600000,1199.00,""],[1629216000000,1189.00,""],[1629302400000,1199.0000,""],[1629388800000,1169.0,"京东秒杀价:1169"],[1629475200000,1199.00,""],[1629561600000,1199.00,""],[1629648000000,1199.00,""],[1629734400000,1169.00,""],[1629820800000,1199.0,""],[1629907200000,1189.0,"京东秒杀价:1189"],[1629993600000,1199.00,""],[1630080000000,1199.00,""],[1630166400000,1199.00,""],[1630252800000,1199.00,""],[1630339200000,1189.00,"1189元包邮"],[1630425600000,1189.00,""],[1630512000000,1175.00,"购买1件,plus价格1175"],[1630598400000,1189.00,""],[1630684800000,1199.0,""],[1630771200000,1189.0000,""],[1630857600000,1199.0,""],[1630944000000,1189.0000,""],[1631030400000,1199.0,""],[1631116800000,1099.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,满减：每满1180减100"],[1631203200000,1189.0000,""],[1631289600000,1189.00,""],[1631376000000,1199.00,""],[1631462400000,1189.0000,""],[1631548800000,1189.0,""],[1631635200000,1199.0,""],[1631721600000,1189.00,""],[1631808000000,1199.00,""],[1631894400000,1189.0,""],[1631980800000,1199.0,""],[1632067200000,1169.00,""],[1632153600000,1169.00,""],[1632240000000,1169.00,""],[1632326400000,1189.0,""],[1632412800000,1169.0,""],[1632499200000,1199.0,""],[1632585600000,1169.00,""],[1632672000000,1199.00,""],[1632758400000,1169.0,""],[1632844800000,1199.0000,""],[1632931200000,1169.0,""],[1633017600000,1169.0,""],[1633104000000,1169.0,""],[1633190400000,1169.00,""],[1633276800000,1169.0000,""],[1633363200000,1199.00,""],[1633449600000,1199.00,""],[1633536000000,1169.0,""],[1633622400000,1169.0,""],[1633708800000,1169.0,"京东秒杀价:1169"],[1633795200000,1169.0,""],[1633881600000,1199.00,""],[1633968000000,1169.00,""],[1634054400000,1199.0,""],[1634140800000,1169.00,""],[1634227200000,1199.0,""],[1634313600000,1199.0,""],[1634400000000,1169.0,""],[1634486400000,1199.0,""],[1634572800000,1169.00,""],[1634659200000,1199.0000,""],[1634745600000,1169.00,""],[1634832000000,1199.0,""],[1634918400000,1199.0,""],[1635004800000,1199.0,""],[1635091200000,1199.0,""],[1635177600000,1199.0,""],[1635264000000,1199.0,""],[1635350400000,1199.0,""],[1635436800000,1199.0,""],[1635523200000,1099.00,"1099元 "],[1635609600000,1099.0,""],[1635696000000,1099.00,""],[1635782400000,1099.00,""],[1635868800000,1099.00,""],[1635955200000,1099.00,"购买1件,plus价格1099"],[1636041600000,949.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,可叠加优惠券2：满880减150"],[1636128000000,1099.00,""],[1636214400000,1199.0,""],[1636300800000,1099.0,""],[1636387200000,1099.0,""],[1636473600000,1099.0,""],[1636560000000,979.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：每满1080减120"],[1636646400000,1099.0000,""],[1636732800000,1199.00,""],[1636819200000,1199.00,""],[1636905600000,1199.00,""],[1636992000000,1199.00,""],[1637078400000,1099.00,""],[1637164800000,1099.00,""],[1637251200000,1099.00,""],[1637337600000,1099.00,""],[1637424000000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1637510400000,1099.00,""],[1637596800000,1099.0,""],[1637683200000,1099.00,""],[1637769600000,1099.00,""],[1637856000000,1099.00,""],[1637942400000,1099.00,""],[1638028800000,1199.0000,""],[1638115200000,1199.00,""],[1638201600000,1199.00,""],[1638288000000,1099.0,""],[1638374400000,1099.00,""],[1638460800000,1099.00,""],[1638547200000,1199.0,""],[1638633600000,1199.00,""],[1638720000000,1099.0,""],[1638806400000,1099.00,""],[1638892800000,1099.00,""],[1638979200000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1639065600000,1099.00,""],[1639152000000,1089.0,""],[1639238400000,1089.0,""],[1639324800000,1099.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,满减：满1150减100"],[1639411200000,1099.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,满减：满1150减100"],[1639497600000,1099.00,"购买1件,当前价:1199.00,满减：满1150减100"],[1639584000000,1099.00,""],[1639670400000,1099.0,""],[1639756800000,1099.0,""],[1639843200000,1099.0,""],[1639929600000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1640016000000,1099.0,""],[1640102400000,1099.0,""],[1640188800000,1099.0,""],[1640275200000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1640361600000,1099.0,""],[1640448000000,1069.0,""],[1640534400000,1099.0,""],[1640620800000,1099.0,""],[1640707200000,1099.0,""],[1640793600000,1099.0,""],[1640880000000,1099.0,""],[1640966400000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1641052800000,1099.0,""],[1641139200000,1099.0,""],[1641225600000,1099.0,""],[1641312000000,1099.0,""],[1641398400000,1099.0,""],[1641484800000,1099.0,""],[1641571200000,1099.0,""],[1641657600000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1641744000000,1099.0,""],[1641830400000,1099.0,""],[1641916800000,1099.0,""],[1642003200000,1099.0,""],[1642089600000,1099.0,""],[1642176000000,1099.0,""],[1642262400000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1642348800000,1099.00,""],[1642435200000,1099.00,""],[1642521600000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1642608000000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1642694400000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1642780800000,1099.0,""],[1642867200000,1099.0,""],[1642953600000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1643040000000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1643126400000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1643212800000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1643299200000,1099.0,""],[1643385600000,1099.0,""],[1643472000000,1099.0,""],[1643558400000,949.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50,可叠加优惠券2：满880减100"],[1643644800000,949.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50,可叠加优惠券2：满880减100"],[1643731200000,1099.0,""],[1643817600000,1099.0,""],[1643904000000,1099.0,""],[1643990400000,1099.0,""],[1644076800000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1644163200000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1644249600000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1644336000000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1644422400000,1099.00,""],[1644508800000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1644595200000,1199.00,"1199元"],[1644681600000,1199.00,"1089元"],[1644768000000,1039.00,"购买1件,当前价:1089.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1644854400000,1039.00,"购买1件,当前价:1089.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1644940800000,1099.00,"1049元"],[1645027200000,1099.00,""],[1645113600000,1099.00,""],[1645200000000,1099.00,""],[1645286400000,1099.00,""],[1645372800000,1099.00,""],[1645459200000,1099.00,""],[1645545600000,1099.00,""],[1645632000000,1099.00,""],[1645718400000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1645804800000,1099.00,"1069元"],[1645891200000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1000减50"],[1645977600000,1099.00,""],[1646064000000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1646150400000,1099.00,""],[1646236800000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1646323200000,1099.00,""],[1646409600000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1646496000000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1646582400000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1646668800000,899.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：每满1080减200"],[1646755200000,1099.00,""],[1646841600000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1646928000000,1099.0,""],[1647014400000,1099.0,""],[1647100800000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1647187200000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1647273600000,1099.00,""],[1647360000000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1647446400000,1049.0,"购买1件,当前价:1099.0,满减：满1050减50"],[1647532800000,1099.0,""],[1647619200000,1099.00,""],[1647705600000,1099.00,""],[1647792000000,1099.00,""],[1647878400000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1647964800000,1099.00,""],[1648051200000,1099.00,""],[1648137600000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1648224000000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1648310400000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1648396800000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1648483200000,1039.00,"购买1件,当前价:1089.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1648569600000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1648656000000,1049.00,"购买1件,当前价:1099.00,满减：满1050减50"],[1648742400000,1049.00,""],[1648828800000,1049.00,""],[1648915200000,1049.00,"1049元"],[1649001600000,1099.00,""],[1649088000000,1049.00,""],[1649174400000,1049.00,""],[1649260800000,1049.00,""],[1649347200000,1049.00,""],[1649433600000,1099.00,""],[1649520000000,1099.00,""],[1649606400000,1099.00,""],[1649692800000,1049.0,"购买1件,当前价格1049"],[1649779200000,1099.00,""],[1649865600000,1099.00,""],[1649952000000,1049.00,"1049元"],[1650038400000,1099.00,""],[1650124800000,1049.00,""],[1650211200000,1049.00,""],[1650297600000,1049.00,""],[1650384000000,1049.00,""],[1650470400000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1650556800000,1099.00,""],[1650643200000,1099.00,""],[1650729600000,1099.00,""],[1650816000000,1099.00,""],[1650902400000,1099.00,""],[1650988800000,1099.00,""],[1651075200000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1651161600000,1099.00,""],[1651248000000,1099.00,""],[1651334400000,1049.00,""],[1651420800000,1099.00,""],[1651507200000,1099.0000,""],[1651593600000,1099.0000,""],[1651680000000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1651766400000,1089.0,"购买1件,当前价格1089"],[1651852800000,1049.00,""],[1651939200000,1089.00,""],[1652025600000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1652112000000,1089.00,""],[1652198400000,1049.00,""],[1652284800000,1089.00,""],[1652371200000,1049.00,""],[1652457600000,1099.00,""],[1652544000000,1099.00,""],[1652630400000,1099.00,""],[1652716800000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1652803200000,1099.00,""],[1652889600000,1099.00,""],[1652976000000,1049.00,""],[1653062400000,1099.00,""],[1653148800000,1099.00,""],[1653235200000,1099.00,"1099元"],[1653321600000,1099.00,""],[1653408000000,1099.00,""],[1653494400000,1099.00,""],[1653580800000,1099.00,""],[1653667200000,1099.00,""],[1653753600000,1099.00,""],[1653840000000,1099.00,""],[1653926400000,1049.0,""],[1654012800000,1049.00,""],[1654099200000,1049.00,""],[1654185600000,1049.00,""],[1654272000000,1049.00,""],[1654358400000,1049.00,""],[1654444800000,1049.00,""],[1654531200000,1049.00,""],[1654617600000,1049.00,""],[1654704000000,1049.00,""],[1654790400000,1049.00,""],[1654876800000,1049.00,""],[1654963200000,1049.00,""],[1655049600000,1049.00,""],[1655136000000,1049.00,""],[1655222400000,1049.00,""],[1655308800000,1049.00,"1049元"],[1655395200000,1049.00,""],[1655481600000,1049.00,""],[1655568000000,1049.00,""],[1655654400000,1049.00,""],[1655740800000,1049.00,""],[1655827200000,1049.00,"1049元"],[1655913600000,1049.00,""],[1656000000000,1049.00,""],[1656086400000,1049.00,""],[1656172800000,1049.00,"1049元"],[1656259200000,1049.00,""],[1656345600000,1049.00,""],[1656432000000,1049.00,""],[1656518400000,1049.00,""],[1656604800000,1049.00,"1049元"],[1656691200000,1049.00,""],[1656777600000,1049.00,""],[1656864000000,1049.00,"1049元"],[1656950400000,1049.00,""],[1657036800000,1049.00,""],[1657123200000,1049.00,""],[1657209600000,1049.00,""],[1657296000000,1049.00,""],[1657382400000,1049.00,""],[1657468800000,1049.00,""],[1657555200000,1049.00,""],[1657641600000,1049.00,""],[1657728000000,1049.00,""],[1657814400000,1049.00,""],[1657900800000,1049.00,"1049元"],[1657987200000,1049.00,""],[1658073600000,1049.00,""],[1658160000000,1049.00,""],[1658246400000,1049.00,""],[1658332800000,1049.00,"1049元"],[1658419200000,1049.00,""],[1658505600000,1049.00,""],[1658592000000,1049.00,""],[1658678400000,1049.00,""],[1658764800000,1049.00,""],[1658851200000,1049.00,""]

则说明程序执行正常

PS: 若想要将数据持久化至Mysql/MongoDB/Elasticsearch，只需编写对应的ItemPipelines实现, 修改爬虫导入的ITEM_PIPELINES配置即可，实现数据持久化与爬虫逻辑的解耦。

本文为大家简要说明了使用Scrapy的理由，以及通过一个按理为大家演示了如何开发一个Scrapy爬虫项目。后续将持续为大家带来Scrapy更多详细讲解。