从零开始的c语言之旅 (1) 贪吃蛇

window下纯c 实现贪吃蛇小游戏

游戏说明

按方向键上下左右(w a s d)，可以实现蛇移动方向的改变。
短时间长按方向键上下左右其中之一，可实现蛇向该方向的短时间加速移动。
按空格键可实现暂停，暂停后按任意键继续游戏。
拥有计分系统

游戏效果展示

游戏实现核心思想
每一块身体都有属于自己的行为队列使用队列数据结构实现
每一块新身体都会copy 一份前一位身体的行为队列并在队列头添加空行为

实现每一块身体永远比前一位慢一拍永远执行前一位身体的上一个动作以此实现蛇行走位

游戏代码

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#define mapX 20
#define mapY 20

int map[mapY][mapX];
typedef struct{
    int x;
    int y;
}target;

typedef struct funNode{
    void(*pfun)(struct bodyNode*);
    struct funNode*next;
}shakeMove;
typedef struct bodyNode{
    int x;
    int y;
    shakeMove *pfun_head;
    shakeMove *pfun_end;
    struct bodyNode * pnext;
}shakebody;


inline void MoveUp(shakebody*pbody);
inline void MoveDown(shakebody*pbody);
inline void MoveLeft(shakebody*pbody);
inline void MoveRight(shakebody*pbody);
inline void MoveEmpty(shakebody*pbody);
shakebody* copylink(const shakebody*pbefore);
target tar;

int flagUpAndDown =1;
int flagLeftAndRight =1;
int socre = 0;

shakebody shake_head;
shakebody *shake_head_p;
shakebody *shake_end_p;
void(*shake_Now)(struct bodyNode*);
int main(void)
{

    srand(time(NULL));
    initMap();
    initShake();
    hideCursor();
    createTarget();

    while (1) {
        gotoxy(0,0);
        DrowShake();
        DrowBg();
        showSroce();
//      MoveUp(&shake_head);
//      MoveDown(&shake_head);
//      MoveLeft(&shake_head);
//      MoveRight(&shake_head);

        for(int i=0;i<50;i++){
                   Sleep(10);
                   if(_kbhit()){

                       char ch1=_getch();
                       char ch2;
                       switch (ch1) {
                       case 'w': flagUpAndDown?createAndaddShakeMove(&shake_head,MoveUp):NULL;break;
                       case 's': flagUpAndDown?createAndaddShakeMove(&shake_head,MoveDown):NULL;break;
                       case 'a': flagLeftAndRight?createAndaddShakeMove(&shake_head,MoveLeft):NULL;break;
                       case 'd': flagLeftAndRight?createAndaddShakeMove(&shake_head,MoveRight):NULL;break;
                       case ' ': _getch();break;
                       case '1': addShakebody();break;
                       case -32:
                           ch2 = _getch();
                           switch (ch2)
                           {
                           case 72: createAndaddShakeMove(&shake_head,MoveUp);break;
                           case 80: createAndaddShakeMove(&shake_head,MoveDown);break;
                           case 75: createAndaddShakeMove(&shake_head,MoveLeft);break;
                           case 77: createAndaddShakeMove(&shake_head,MoveRight);break;
                           }break;
                       }

                       runAndrmShakeMove(&shake_head);
                       gotoxy(0,0);
                       DrowShake();
                       DrowBg();
                       showSroce();
                   }

               }
        if(shake_Now != NULL){
             createAndaddShakeMove(&shake_head,shake_Now);
             runAndrmShakeMove(&shake_head);
        }
       // rmTarget();
    }
    return 0;
}
void deadAndsorce(shakebody*pbody,int x,int y){
    if(map[pbody->y + y][pbody->x + x] == 2){
        addShakebody();
        rmTarget();
        createTarget();
    }else if(map[pbody->y + y][pbody->x +x]){
        gotoxy(mapX/2,mapY+1);
        printf("Dead");
        Sleep(100000);
    }
}
void addShakebody(){
    shakebody *p = copylink(shake_end_p);
    p->pnext = NULL;

    shake_end_p->pnext = p;
    shake_end_p = p;

    shake_end_p->pnext = NULL;

}
shakebody* copylink(const shakebody*pbefore){
    shakebody* p = malloc(sizeof(shakebody));
    p->x = pbefore->x;
    p->y = pbefore->y;
    if(pbefore->pfun_head ==NULL){

        shakeMove *pM = malloc(sizeof(shakeMove));
        pM->next = NULL;
        pM->pfun = MoveEmpty;
        p->pfun_head =pM;
        p->pfun_end = p->pfun_head;
        return p;
    }
    shakeMove *pM = malloc(sizeof(shakeMove));

    shakeMove *fp   = pM;
    shakeMove *fpcp = pbefore->pfun_head;

    p->pfun_head = fp;

    fp->pfun =MoveEmpty;

    pM = malloc(sizeof(shakeMove));

    fp->next = pM;
    fp = fp->next;

    fp->pfun =fpcp->pfun;
    fp->next =NULL;

    while(fpcp->next!=NULL){

        fpcp = fpcp->next;

        pM = malloc(sizeof(shakeMove));
        fp->next = pM;
        fp = fp->next;
        fp->next =NULL;

        fp->pfun =fpcp->pfun;
    }

    p->pfun_end = fp;
    p->pnext =NULL;
    return p;
}
void createAndaddShakeMove(shakebody*pbody,void(*pfun)(shakebody*)){

        if(pbody->pfun_head == NULL){
          shakeMove*p =malloc(sizeof(shakeMove));
          p->next=NULL;
          p->pfun = pfun;
          pbody->pfun_head = p;
          pbody->pfun_end  = p;

        }else{
          shakeMove*p =malloc(sizeof(shakeMove));
          p->next=NULL;
          p->pfun = pfun;
          pbody->pfun_end->next = p;
          pbody->pfun_end = p;
        }
        while(pbody->pnext!=NULL){
            pbody = pbody->pnext;

            if(pbody->pfun_head == NULL){
              shakeMove*p =malloc(sizeof(shakeMove));
              p->next=NULL;
              p->pfun = pfun;
              pbody->pfun_head = p;
              pbody->pfun_end  = p;

            }else{
              shakeMove*p =malloc(sizeof(shakeMove));
              p->next=NULL;
              p->pfun = pfun;
              pbody->pfun_end->next = p;
              pbody->pfun_end = p;
            }
        }
        return 1;
}
void runAndrmShakeMove(shakebody*pbody){

        if(pbody->pfun_head == NULL){
            return;
        }else{
            shakeMove*p = pbody->pfun_head;
            if(pbody->pfun_head->next == NULL){
                pbody->pfun_head->pfun(pbody);
                shake_Now = pbody->pfun_head->pfun;
                pbody->pfun_head = NULL;
                free(p);
            }else{
                pbody->pfun_head->pfun(pbody);
                shake_Now = pbody->pfun_head->pfun;
                pbody->pfun_head = pbody->pfun_head->next;
                free(p);
            }
        }

        while(pbody->pnext!=NULL){

              pbody = pbody->pnext;

              if(pbody->pfun_head == NULL){
                    return;
              }else{

                  shakeMove*p = pbody->pfun_head;
                  if(pbody->pfun_head->next == NULL){
                     pbody->pfun_head->pfun(pbody);
                     pbody->pfun_head = NULL;
                     free(p);
                  }else{
                     pbody->pfun_head->pfun(pbody);
                     pbody->pfun_head = pbody->pfun_head->next;
                     free(p);
                  }
              }
        }

}
void MoveRight(shakebody*pbody){
    deadAndsorce(pbody,1,0);
    map[pbody->y][pbody->x] = 0;
    pbody->x++;
    if(pbody==shake_head_p){
        flagUpAndDown =1;
        flagLeftAndRight =0;
    }
}
void MoveLeft(shakebody*pbody){
    deadAndsorce(pbody,-1,0);
    map[pbody->y][pbody->x] = 0;
    pbody->x--;
    if(pbody==shake_head_p){
        flagUpAndDown =1;
        flagLeftAndRight =0;
    }
}
void MoveUp(shakebody*pbody){
    deadAndsorce(pbody,0,-1);
    map[pbody->y][pbody->x] = 0;
    pbody->y--;
    if(pbody==shake_head_p){
        flagUpAndDown =0;
        flagLeftAndRight =1;
    }
}
void MoveDown(shakebody*pbody){
    deadAndsorce(pbody,0,1);
    map[pbody->y][pbody->x] = 0;
    pbody->y++;
    if(pbody==shake_head_p){
        flagUpAndDown =0;
        flagLeftAndRight =1;
    }
}
void MoveEmpty(shakebody*pbody){
}
void DrowShake(shakebody*pbody){
    shakebody * p =&shake_head;
    while (p->pnext!=NULL) {
        map[p->y][p->x] = 3;
        p=p->pnext;
    }
    map[p->y][p->x] = 3;
}
void initShake(){
   shake_Now = NULL;
   shake_head.pnext = NULL;
   shake_head.pfun_head =NULL;
   shake_head.pfun_end = shake_head.pfun_head;
   shake_head_p =&shake_head;
   shake_end_p = shake_head_p;
   while(1){
      shake_head.x = rand()%(mapX-3)+1;
      shake_head.y = rand()%(mapY-3)+1;
      if(map[shake_head.y][shake_head.x]==0){
         map[shake_head.y][shake_head.x]=3;
         break;
      }
   }
}
void createTarget(){
    while(1){
       tar.x = rand()%(mapX-3)+1;
       tar.y = rand()%(mapY-3)+1;
       if(map[tar.y][tar.x]==0){
          map[tar.y][tar.x]=2;
          break;
       }
    }
}
void rmTarget(){
     socre ++ ;
     map[tar.y][tar.x]=0;
}
void showSroce(){
    gotoxy(mapX,mapY+1);
    printf("Score :: %d",socre);
}
void initMap(){
   for(int i=0;i
       for(int j=0;j
           if(i==0||j==0||i==mapY-1||j==mapX-1){
                map[i][j] =1;
           }
   //        printf("%d",map[i][j]);
       }
 //      printf("n");
   }
}
void DrowBg(){
    for(int i=0;i
        for(int j=0;j
            if(map[i][j]==1){
                printf("■");
            }else if(map[i][j]==2){
                printf("★");
            }else if(map[i][j]==3){
                printf("■");
            }
            else{
                printf("  ");
            }

        }
        printf("n");
    }
}
//printf("★");
//printf("■");
void gotoxy(int x,int y)
{   //让printf,回到x, y点，x, y是坐标，如果打印位置到原点，x 0，y 0，，gotoxy(0, 0);
    int z=0x0b;
    HANDLE  hOutput;
    COORD loc;
    loc.X = x; loc.Y=y;
    hOutput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
    SetConsoleCursorPosition(hOutput, loc);
}

//隐藏光标
void hideCursor()
{
    HANDLE handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
    CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO CursorInfo;
    GetConsoleCursorInfo(handle, &CursorInfo);//获取控制台光标信息
    CursorInfo.bVisible = 0; //隐藏控制台光标
    SetConsoleCursorInfo(handle, &CursorInfo);//设置控制台光标状态
}

游戏代码详解
游戏框架构建
首先定义游戏界面的大小，定义游戏区行数和列数。
map 为游戏实际显示区域

#define mapX 20
#define mapY 20
int map[mapY][mapX];

在命令行中对光标和打印位置的一些处理

```c

void gotoxy(int x,int y)
{   //让printf,回到x, y点，x, y是坐标，如果打印位置到原点，x 0，y 0，，gotoxy(0, 0);
    int z=0x0b;
    HANDLE  hOutput;
    COORD loc;
    loc.X = x; loc.Y=y;
    hOutput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
    SetConsoleCursorPosition(hOutput, loc);
}

//隐藏光标
void hideCursor()
{
    HANDLE handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
    CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO CursorInfo;
    GetConsoleCursorInfo(handle, &CursorInfo);//获取控制台光标信息
    CursorInfo.bVisible = 0; //隐藏控制台光标
    SetConsoleCursorInfo(handle, &CursorInfo);//设置控制台光标状态
}

初始化 map，hake和创建目标

void initMap(){
   for(int i=0;i
       for(int j=0;j
           if(i==0||j==0||i==mapY-1||j==mapX-1){
                map[i][j] =1;
           }
   //        printf("%d",map[i][j]);
       }
 //      printf("n");
   }
}
void initShake(){
   shake_Now = NULL;
   shake_head.pnext = NULL;
   shake_head.pfun_head =NULL;
   shake_head.pfun_end = shake_head.pfun_head;
   shake_head_p =&shake_head;
   shake_end_p = shake_head_p;
   while(1){
      shake_head.x = rand()%(mapX-3)+1;
      shake_head.y = rand()%(mapY-3)+1;
      if(map[shake_head.y][shake_head.x]==0){
         map[shake_head.y][shake_head.x]=3;
         break;
      }
   }
}
void createTarget(){
    while(1){
       tar.x = rand()%(mapX-3)+1;
       tar.y = rand()%(mapY-3)+1;
       if(map[tar.y][tar.x]==0){
          map[tar.y][tar.x]=2;
          break;
       }
    }
}

shake行为

void MoveRight(shakebody*pbody){
    deadAndsorce(pbody,1,0);
    map[pbody->y][pbody->x] = 0;
    pbody->x++;
    if(pbody==shake_head_p){
        flagUpAndDown =1;
        flagLeftAndRight =0;
    }
}
void MoveLeft(shakebody*pbody){
    deadAndsorce(pbody,-1,0);
    map[pbody->y][pbody->x] = 0;
    pbody->x--;
    if(pbody==shake_head_p){
        flagUpAndDown =1;
        flagLeftAndRight =0;
    }
}
void MoveUp(shakebody*pbody){
    deadAndsorce(pbody,0,-1);
    map[pbody->y][pbody->x] = 0;
    pbody->y--;
    if(pbody==shake_head_p){
        flagUpAndDown =0;
        flagLeftAndRight =1;
    }
}
void MoveDown(shakebody*pbody){
    deadAndsorce(pbody,0,1);
    map[pbody->y][pbody->x] = 0;
    pbody->y++;
    if(pbody==shake_head_p){
        flagUpAndDown =0;
        flagLeftAndRight =1;
    }
}
void MoveEmpty(shakebody*pbody){
}

删除与生成新的目标

void createTarget(){
    while(1){
       tar.x = rand()%(mapX-3)+1;
       tar.y = rand()%(mapY-3)+1;
       if(map[tar.y][tar.x]==0){
          map[tar.y][tar.x]=2;
          break;
       }
    }
}
//移除标记
void rmTarget(){
     socre ++ ;
     map[tar.y][tar.x]=0;
}

将蛇嵌入 map 中

void DrowShake(shakebody*pbody){
    shakebody * p =&shake_head;
    while (p->pnext!=NULL) {
        map[p->y][p->x] = 3;
        p=p->pnext;
    }
    map[p->y][p->x] = 3;
}

为每个身体行为队列生成与添加行为

void createAndaddShakeMove(shakebody*pbody,void(*pfun)(shakebody*)){

        if(pbody->pfun_head == NULL){
          shakeMove*p =malloc(sizeof(shakeMove));
          p->next=NULL;
          p->pfun = pfun;
          pbody->pfun_head = p;
          pbody->pfun_end  = p;

        }else{
          shakeMove*p =malloc(sizeof(shakeMove));
          p->next=NULL;
          p->pfun = pfun;
          pbody->pfun_end->next = p;
          pbody->pfun_end = p;
        }
        while(pbody->pnext!=NULL){
            pbody = pbody->pnext;

            if(pbody->pfun_head == NULL){
              shakeMove*p =malloc(sizeof(shakeMove));
              p->next=NULL;
              p->pfun = pfun;
              pbody->pfun_head = p;
              pbody->pfun_end  = p;

            }else{
              shakeMove*p =malloc(sizeof(shakeMove));
              p->next=NULL;
              p->pfun = pfun;
              pbody->pfun_end->next = p;
              pbody->pfun_end = p;
            }
        }
        return 1;
}

运行每个身体的行为队列

void runAndrmShakeMove(shakebody*pbody){

        if(pbody->pfun_head == NULL){
            return;
        }else{
            shakeMove*p = pbody->pfun_head;
            if(pbody->pfun_head->next == NULL){
                pbody->pfun_head->pfun(pbody);
                shake_Now = pbody->pfun_head->pfun;
                pbody->pfun_head = NULL;
                free(p);
            }else{
                pbody->pfun_head->pfun(pbody);
                shake_Now = pbody->pfun_head->pfun;
                pbody->pfun_head = pbody->pfun_head->next;
                free(p);
            }
        }

        while(pbody->pnext!=NULL){

              pbody = pbody->pnext;

              if(pbody->pfun_head == NULL){
                    return;
              }else{

                  shakeMove*p = pbody->pfun_head;
                  if(pbody->pfun_head->next == NULL){
                     pbody->pfun_head->pfun(pbody);
                     pbody->pfun_head = NULL;
                     free(p);
                  }else{
                     pbody->pfun_head->pfun(pbody);
                     pbody->pfun_head = pbody->pfun_head->next;
                     free(p);
                  }
              }
        }

}

添加新的身体与copy 前一个身体行为并在队首添加空行为

//增加新的身体
void addShakebody(){
    shakebody *p = copylink(shake_end_p);
    p->pnext = NULL;

    shake_end_p->pnext = p;
    shake_end_p = p;

    shake_end_p->pnext = NULL;

}
//为新的身体添加前一个身体的行为
shakebody* copylink(const shakebody*pbefore){
    shakebody* p = malloc(sizeof(shakebody));
    p->x = pbefore->x;
    p->y = pbefore->y;
    if(pbefore->pfun_head ==NULL){

        shakeMove *pM = malloc(sizeof(shakeMove));
        pM->next = NULL;
        pM->pfun = MoveEmpty;
        p->pfun_head =pM;
        p->pfun_end = p->pfun_head;
        return p;
    }
    shakeMove *pM = malloc(sizeof(shakeMove));

    shakeMove *fp   = pM;
    shakeMove *fpcp = pbefore->pfun_head;

    p->pfun_head = fp;

    fp->pfun =MoveEmpty;

    pM = malloc(sizeof(shakeMove));

    fp->next = pM;
    fp = fp->next;

    fp->pfun =fpcp->pfun;
    fp->next =NULL;

    while(fpcp->next!=NULL){

        fpcp = fpcp->next;

        pM = malloc(sizeof(shakeMove));
        fp->next = pM;
        fp = fp->next;
        fp->next =NULL;

        fp->pfun =fpcp->pfun;
    }

    p->pfun_end = fp;
    p->pnext =NULL;
    return p;
}
//添加身体行为

显示得分与死亡

//死亡与获得分数
void deadAndsorce(shakebody*pbody,int x,int y){
    if(map[pbody->y + y][pbody->x + x] == 2){
        addShakebody();
        rmTarget();
        createTarget();
    }else if(map[pbody->y + y][pbody->x +x]){
        gotoxy(mapX/2,mapY+1);
        printf("Dead");
        Sleep(100000);
    }
}

从零开始的c语言之旅 (1) 贪吃蛇

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