本篇概览这里分类和汇总了欣宸的全部原创(含配套源码):https://github.com/zq2599/blog_demos
- 本篇是《java与es8实战》系列的第四篇,系列文章写到现在,连个HelloWorld都没运行起来,实在说不过去了…
- 因此,本篇总体目标明确:实战在SpringBoot应用中操作elasticsearch8
- 为了降低难度,本篇部署的elasticsearch8未设置安全检查,无需证书、账号、密码,只要连接到es的IP和端口就能执行操作
- 总体目标可以拆解为两个子任务
- 在SpringBoot中连接elasticsearch8
- 在SpringBoot中使用elasticsearch8官方的Java API Client
- 接下来直接开始
- 关于快速部署elasticsearch集群(无安全检查),可以参考《docker-compose快速部署elasticsearch-8.x集群+kibana》
- 不论是直连,还是带安全检查的连接,亦或是与SpringBoot的集成使之更方便易用,都紧紧围绕着一个不变的核心套路,该套路由两部分组成,掌握了它们就能在各种条件下成功连接es
- 首先,是builder pattern,连接es有关的代码,各种对象都是其builder对象的build方法创建的,建议您提前阅读《java与es8实战之一》一文,看完后,满屏的builder代码可以从丑变成美…
- 其次,就是java应用能向es发请求的关键:ElasticsearchClient对象,该对象的创建是有套路的,如下图,先创建RestClient,再基于RestClient创建ElasticsearchTransport,最后基于ElasticsearchTransport创建ElasticsearchClient,这是个固定的套路,咱们后面的操作都是基于此的,可能会加一点东西,但不会改变流程和图中的对象
- 准备完毕,开始写代码
-
为了便于管理依赖库版本和源码,《java与es8实战》系列的所有代码都以子工程的形式存放在父工程elasticsearch-tutorials中
-
《java与es8实战之二:实战前的准备工作》一文说明了创建父工程的详细过程
-
在父工程elasticsearch-tutorials中新建名为basic-crud的子工程,其pom.xml内容如下
elasticsearch-tutorials com.bolingcavalry 1.0-SNAPSHOT ../pom.xml 4.0.0 basic-crud jar basic-crud https://github.com/zq2599 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-dependencies ${springboot.version} pom import org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-actuator org.springframework.boot spring-boot-configuration-processor true org.projectlombok lombok org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-test test junit junit org.junit.jupiter junit-jupiter-api test org.junit.jupiter junit-jupiter-engine test co.elastic.clients elasticsearch-java com.fasterxml.jackson.core jackson-databind jakarta.json jakarta.json-api org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web org.apache.maven.plugins maven-surefire-plugin 3.0.0-M4 false org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-plugin org.projectlombok lombok src/main/resources ** private HttpHost[] toHttpHost() { if (!StringUtils.hasLength(hosts)) { throw new RuntimeException("invalid elasticsearch configuration"); } String[] hostArray = hosts.split(","); HttpHost[] httpHosts = new HttpHost[hostArray.length]; HttpHost httpHost; for (int i = 0; i < hostArray.length; i++) { String[] strings = hostArray[i].split(":"); httpHost = new HttpHost(strings[0], Integer.parseInt(strings[1]), "http"); httpHosts[i] = httpHost; } return httpHosts; } @Bean public ElasticsearchClient elasticsearchClient() { HttpHost[] httpHosts = toHttpHost(); RestClient restClient = RestClient.builder(httpHosts).build(); RestClientTransport transport = new RestClientTransport(restClient, new JacksonJsonpMapper()); return new ElasticsearchClient(transport); } @Bean public ElasticsearchAsyncClient elasticsearchAsyncClient() { HttpHost[] httpHosts = toHttpHost(); RestClient restClient = RestClient.builder(httpHosts).build(); RestClientTransport transport = new RestClientTransport(restClient, new JacksonJsonpMapper()); return new ElasticsearchAsyncClient(transport); } }
- 从上面的代码可以看出,配置类已经向Spring容器注册了ElasticsearchClient实例,后面的业务都可以使用此实例来操作ES
-
本篇只是为了演示SpringBoot应用如何连接和操作ES,还不会深入ES操作的细节,因此只对索引做一些基本操作即可
-
先写一个接口IndexService.java,里面定义了多个索引操作的方法
package com.bolingcavalry.basic.service;
import co.elastic.clients.elasticsearch._types.mapping.TypeMapping;
import co.elastic.clients.elasticsearch.indices.IndexSettings;
import co.elastic.clients.util.ObjectBuilder;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.function.Function;
public interface IndexService {
void addIndex(String name) throws IOException;
boolean indexExists(String name) throws IOException;
void delIndex(String name) throws IOException;
void create(String name,
Function> settingFn,
Function> mappingFn) throws IOException;
}
- 然后接口的实现,可见所有操作都是在调用ElasticsearchClient实例的API
package com.bolingcavalry.basic.service.impl;
import co.elastic.clients.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchClient;
import co.elastic.clients.elasticsearch._types.mapping.TypeMapping;
import co.elastic.clients.elasticsearch.indices.IndexSettings;
import co.elastic.clients.util.ObjectBuilder;
import com.bolingcavalry.basic.service.IndexService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.function.Function;
@Service
public class IndexServiceImpl implements IndexService {
@Autowired
private ElasticsearchClient elasticsearchClient;
@Override
public void addIndex(String name) throws IOException {
ApplicationContext applicationContext;
elasticsearchClient.indices().create(c -> c.index(name));
}
@Override
public boolean indexExists(String name) throws IOException {
ApplicationContext a;
return elasticsearchClient.indices().exists(b -> b.index(name)).value();
}
@Override
public void delIndex(String name) throws IOException {
elasticsearchClient.indices().delete(c -> c.index(name));
}
@Override
public void create(String name,
Function> settingFn,
Function> mappingFn) throws IOException {
elasticsearchClient
.indices()
.create(c -> c
.index(name)
.settings(settingFn)
.mappings(mappingFn)
);
}
}
- 以上就是本篇的功能代码了,连接ES在其上进行索引相关操作
- 为了验证上述代码是否生效,接下来写一个单元测试类IndexServiceTest.java,可以重点关注createIndex方法,里面演示了Builder pattern构建参数的详细步骤
package com.bolingcavalry.basic.service;
import co.elastic.clients.elasticsearch._types.mapping.Property;
import co.elastic.clients.elasticsearch._types.mapping.TypeMapping;
import co.elastic.clients.elasticsearch.indices.IndexSettings;
import co.elastic.clients.util.ObjectBuilder;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import java.util.function.Function;
@SpringBootTest
class IndexServiceTest {
@Autowired
IndexService indexService;
@Test
void addIndex() throws Exception {
String indexName = "test_index";
Assertions.assertFalse(indexService.indexExists(indexName));
indexService.addIndex(indexName);
Assertions.assertTrue(indexService.indexExists(indexName));
indexService.delIndex(indexName);
Assertions.assertFalse(indexService.indexExists(indexName));
}
@Test
void indexExists() throws Exception {
indexService.indexExists("a");
}
@Test
void createIndex() throws Exception {
// 索引名
String indexName = "product002";
// 构建setting时,builder用到的lambda
Function> settingFn = sBuilder -> sBuilder
.index(iBuilder -> iBuilder
// 三个分片
.numberOfShards("3")
// 一个副本
.numberOfReplicas("1")
);
// 新的索引有三个字段,每个字段都有自己的property,这里依次创建
Property keywordProperty = Property.of(pBuilder -> pBuilder.keyword(kBuilder -> kBuilder.ignoreAbove(256)));
Property textProperty = Property.of(pBuilder -> pBuilder.text(tBuilder -> tBuilder));
Property integerProperty = Property.of(pBuilder -> pBuilder.integer(iBuilder -> iBuilder));
// // 构建mapping时,builder用到的lambda
Function> mappingFn = mBuilder -> mBuilder
.properties("name", keywordProperty)
.properties("description", textProperty)
.properties("price", integerProperty);
// 创建索引,并且指定了setting和mapping
indexService.create(indexName, settingFn, mappingFn);
}
}
- 确保不做安全检查的ES集群运行正常,再执行单元测试,如下图,顺利通过,证明所有对ES的操作都符合预期
- 再用eshead观察product002索引的情况,如下图,三个分片,一个副本,与代码中设置的一致
- 至此最简单的连接和操作ES实战已经完成,希望本篇能给您一些参考,助您顺利完成基本操作
- 官方回应:https://discuss.elastic.co/t/is-elasticsearch-client-is-thread-safe/151745
- 有人在问这个问题,es团队的成员Simon Willnauer的回答是:java的client肯定是线程安全的,golang的不清楚
- 对我来说,有他这话就够了,至于golang的嘛,在本文就不讨论了
- 本篇实战的完整源码可在GitHub下载到,地址和链接信息如下表所示(https://github.com/zq2599/blog_demos)
| 名称 | 链接 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|
| 项目主页 | https://github.com/zq2599/blog_demos | 该项目在GitHub上的主页 |
| git仓库地址(https) | https://github.com/zq2599/blog_demos.git | 该项目源码的仓库地址,https协议 |
| git仓库地址(ssh) | git@github.com:zq2599/blog_demos.git | 该项目源码的仓库地址,ssh协议 |
- 这个git项目中有多个文件夹,本次实战的源码在elasticsearch-tutorials文件夹下,如下图红框
- elasticsearch-tutorials是个父工程,里面有多个module,本篇实战的module是basic-crud,如下图红框
- Java系列
- Spring系列
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- 数据库+中间件系列
- DevOps系列



