题文
Up to 90% of school leavers in major Asian cities are suffering from myopia ---short-sightedness, a study suggests. Researchers say the "extraordinary rise" in the problem is being caused by students working very hard in school and missing out on outdoor light.Eye experts say that you are short-sighted if your vision is blurred(模糊的) beyond 2m. It is often caused by an elongation（拉伸） of the eyeball that happens when people are young. According to the research, the problem is being caused by a combination of factors - a commitment to education and lack of outdoor light.
Professor Morgan who led this study argues that many children in South East Asia spend long hours studying at school and doing their homework. This in itself puts pressure on the eyes, but exposure to between two and three hours of daylight helps maintain healthy eyes.
Cultural factors also seem to play a part. Across many parts of South East Asia, children often have a lunchtime nap. According to Professor Morgan they are missing out on natural light to prevent short-sightedness.
A big concern is the numbers of the students suffering from “high” myopia. One in five of these students could experience severe visual impairment(障碍) and even blindness. These people are at considerable risk—sometimes people are not told about it and are just given more powerful glasses—they need to be warned about the risk and given some self-testing measures so they can get to an ophthalmologist and get some help.
For decades, researchers believed there was a strong genetic component to the condition. But this study strongly suggests an alternative view. “Any type of simple genetic explanation just doesn’t fit with that speed of change; gene pools just don’t change in two generations. Whether it’s a purely environmental effect or an environmental effect playing a sensitive genome, it really doesn’t matter, the thing that’s changed is not the gene pool---it’s the environment.”
小题1:As is mentioned above, which factor mainly results in students’ myopia in South East Asia?A．Genetic faults of the people.B．Elongation of the eyeball.C．The shortage of outdoor light.D．Lack of research into the problem.小题2:Which of the following statements do you think agrees with Professor Morgan?A．A lunchtime nap is helpful in reducing myopia.B．Glasses keep myopia from getting even worse.C．It’s necessary to treat myopia with an operation.D．It’s of vital importance to reduce educational pressure.小题3:What’s the main idea of the last paragraph?A．Gene remains the main cause of the long-standing problem.B．The environment is to blame for the extraordinary rise in myopia. C．Short-sightedness has nothing to do with changes in gene pools. D．An environmental effect playing a sensitive genome counts.小题4:What’s the best way to take care of your eyes according to the passage?A．Equip the classroom with better lights.B．Look at the sun from time to time.C．Do eyes exercise regularly.D．Spend more time in the open air. 题型：未知难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:D
解析
本文讲述的是如何保护好我们的眼睛不要受到近视的影响，分析了原因，并提出了解决的方法，就是多倒户外去运动。
小题1:C 细节题。根据文章第一段最后一句Researchers say the "extraordinary rise" in the problem is being caused by students working very hard in school and missing out on outdoor light.说明C项才是主要原因。
小题2:D 细节题。根据文章第三段前三行Professor Morgan who led this study argues that many children in South East Asia spend long hours studying at school and doing their homework. This in itself puts pressure on the eyes,说明D正确。
小题3:B 段落大意题。根据本段的主题句最后一句Whether it’s a purely environmental effect or an environmental effect playing a sensitive genome, it really doesn’t matter, the thing that’s changed is not the gene pool---it’s the environment.”说明环境才是最主要的原因。故B正确。
小题4:D 细节题。根据文章2,3段的最后一句According to the research, the problem is being caused by a combination of factors - a commitment to education and lack of outdoor light.
exposure to between two and three hours of daylight helps maintain healthy eyes.
说明多花时间在户外对这种病症是有很大的作用的。故D正确。
点评：本文讲述的是如何保护好我们的眼睛不要受到近视的影响，分析了原因，并提出了解决的方法，就是多倒户外去运动。本文主旨鲜明,很容易在文中找到答案。做题时要注意文章的首段和每一段的首句或尾句，因为它们往往就是文章的主题句。阅读中要注意要点之间的关系。然后带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读任务。
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“Up to 90% of school .....”主要考查你对 [健康环保类阅读 ]考点的理解。健康环保类阅读
健康环保累阅读概念：
健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文。体裁有记叙文、 说明文、议论文和各种应用文。
健康环保类文章阅读技巧：
健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文。阅读此类短文要以现象或事物为中心进行思考，理解现象产生的原因、条件和客观规律等。同时要抓住事物的特征、用途和相互关系等。科普环保类文章一般为说明文，从结构上看大致可分为三个部分：
第一部分一般是文章的首段，主要用来提出文章的主题，即文章想要阐述、说明的主要内容；
第二部分是文章的主体，可由若干个段落组成，对文章的主题进行展开说明；
第三部分是结尾段，对文章的主题进行归纳总结。这类文章多用一般现在时，而且一般多使用客观性词语表述。有时为了强调客观性，也常使用被动语态。
从近几年的考试题来看，科普环保类的文章越来越与人们的实际生活相接近。由于此类文章缺乏故事情节，很多同学对此类文章感到费解。但一般的科普类文章都是就事论事，需要逻辑推理和想象的时候较少，因此此类阅读题也没有同学们想象中的那么难，只要多加训练，就能较好地答题。
【阅读策略】
1、概要(Summarizing)：
阅完材料后，将所阅材料浓缩，摘要，做出所阅材料的书面或口头梗概。
2、组织(Organization)：
阅读后根据阅读内容，识别观点、人物、事件之间的关系以及文章的结构关系。如：时间关系、比较或对比关系、相关关系及因果关系等。
