题文
“The first and best of victories for a man is to conquer himself; to be conquered by himself is, of all things, the most shameful,” says Plato. Self-control is at the root of all the advantages. Let a man give in to his impulses (冲动) and feelings, and from that moment he gives up his moral freedom.A single angry word has lost many friends. When Socrates found in himself any temper or anger, he would check it by speaking low in order to control himself. If you are conscious of being angry, keep your mouth shut so that you can hold back rising anger. Many a person has dropped dead in great anger. Fits of anger bring fits of disease. “Whoever the gods would destroy, they first make them mad.” “Keep cool,” says Webster, “anger is not argument.” “Be calm in arguing,” says George Herbert, “for fierceness makes error a fault.”
To be angry with a weak man is to prove that you are not strong yourself. “Anger,” says Pythagoras, “begins with foolishness and ends with regret.” You must measure the strength of a man by the power of the feelings he conquers, not by the power of those which conquer him.
Self-control is man’s last and greatest victory.
If a man lacks self-control he seems to lack everything. Without it he can have no patience, no power to govern himself; he can have no self-confidence, for he will always be controlled by his strongest feeling. If he lacks self-control, the very backbone and nerve of character are lacking too.
小题1:What’s the main idea of the passage?A．Self- control is important for a manB．We should learn to be strong.C．A man who keeps cool won’t lose any game.D．The great heroes in history knew how to control themselves.小题2:What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?A．If you are mad, the gods will fail you.B．If you lose your temper first, gods will fail you first.C．If you can’t control yourself, you will be crazy.D．If the gods want to fail you, they will make you mad first.小题3:Which of the following is NOT true, according to passage?A．The first and best of victories for a man is to conquer himself.B．You will make a small mistake serious if you don’t keep cool.C．You must measure a man’s strength by the power of the feelings which conquer him.D．Anger begins with foolishness and ends with regret.小题4:Which of the following can’t help you avoid anger, according to the passage?A．Being calm in arguingB．Checking your temper or anger by speaking low.C．Keeping your mouth shutD．Trying to make the other angry first.小题5:If a man lacks self-control,______________________________A．He will always be controlled by all the people all the time.B．He will began with foolish everything every day and lack the strength.C．Moral strength and nerve of character will lack as well.D．He will have power of gover himself. 题型：未知难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:D
小题5:C
解析
本文的大意是自控对人的重要性，如何控制我们的情感，失去自控意味着失去了一切。
小题1:主旨大意题。根据文章第 1 段的“The first and best of victories for a man is to conquer himself; to be conquered by himself is, of all things, the most shameful,” 及全文的内容可知，本文的大意是“自控的重要性”。故答案选 A。
小题2:语义理解题。根据上文 you can hold back rising anger. Many a person has dropped dead in great anger. Fits of anger bring fits of disease 可知答案选 D。
小题3:推理判断题。根据文章倒数第 3 段的最后一句 You must measure the strength of a man by the power of the feelings he conquers, not by the power of those which conquer him 可知，选项 C 与之矛盾。故答案选 C。
小题4:推理判断题。根据文章第 2 段的第 2 句和第 3 句以及最后一句可以排除选项 A、B、C，从而得出答案为 D。
小题5:细节题：从文章最后一句话If he lacks self-control, the very backbone and nerve of character are lacking too.
可知选C
点评：本文要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。任何一篇文章都有其特定的写作目的，读者应当知道如何去做或按照某种方式传递思考问题。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分－推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分－推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。
考点
据考高分专家说，试题““The first and best .....”主要考查你对 [人生感悟类阅读 ]考点的理解。人生感悟类阅读
人生感悟类阅读的概念：
生活感悟类的文章就是指能给人心灵以启迪，使人从中受到教育的文章。这类文章的体裁可以是记叙文，如生活中一些感人故事或情感故事，有点类似心灵鸡汤一样的短文。
生活感悟类阅读解题指导：
一、文章特点：
生活感悟类的文章就是指能给人心灵以启迪，使人从中受到教育的文章。这类文章的体裁可以是记叙文，如生活中一些感人故事或情感故事，有点类似心灵鸡汤一样的短文。有时故事的结尾会有一句“点睛之笔”，点出全文的中心思想，就像《伊索寓言》里的寓言一样。还可能是夹叙夹议的哲理散文或生活随笔。散文随笔通常会阐述一种朴素易懂，耳熟能详的人生道理或宝贵品质。文章的结构和议论文类似，一般是总分总或总分结构。每段首句或尾句为主题句（论点），其它句子围绕主题展开论述（论据），论证方法多种多样，或举例，或引用名言，或正反对照等。
二、解题技巧：
针对生活感悟类文章的特点，做这类文章的完形填空时，要特别注意以下几点：
1、重点理解全文的首句。如果是记叙文，找出when，where，who，what等基本要素。如果是散文随笔，充分理解文章的中心句—全文的主题。
2、阅读全文的结尾段或结尾句，有助于理解文章所阐述或蕴含的哲理、感悟或忠告等。
3、调动自己的背景知识和情感。这类文章不会讲大道理也不会涉及到一些很专业的知识技术领域，而是谈一些小事和简单的道理，所以如果读者能和作者产生感情上的共鸣，读者会更好地把握作者的意图态度，从而提高做题的准确度。因此，考生在平时要做一个有心人，即用心去感悟生活中发生的小事，思考人生的一些基本道理，多阅读一些短小精悍的美文，多写写自己的心情故事和对生活学习的感悟。只有平时多用心，做题时才能调动自己的背景知识和情感。
