题文
The flag, the most common symbol(象征) of a nation in the modern world, is also one of the most ancient. With a clear symbolic meaning, the flag in the traditional form is still used today to mark buildings, ships and other vehicles related to a country.The national flag as we know it today is in no way a primitive(原始的)artifact. It is, rather, the product of thousands of years' development. Historians believe that it had two major ancestors, of which the earlier served to show wind direction.
Early human beings used very fragile houses and boats. Often strong winds would tear roofs from houses or cause high waves that endangered travelers .People's food supplies were similarly vulnerable. Even after they had learned how to plant grains, they still needed help from nature to ensure good harvests. Therefore they feared and depended on the power of the wind, which could bring warmth from one direction and cold from another.
Using a simple piece of cloth tied to the top of a post to tell the direction of the wind was more dependable than earlier methods, such as watching the rising of smoke from a fire. The connection of the flag with heavenly power was therefore reasonable. Early human societies began to fix long pieces of cloth to the tops of totems(图腾) before carrying them into battle. They believed that the power of the wind would be added to the good wishes of the gods and ancestors represented by the totems themselves.
These flags developed very slowly into modern flags. The first known flag of a nation or a ruler was unmarked: The king of China around 1000 B.C. was known to have a white flag carried ahead of him. This practice might have been learned from Egyptians even further in the past, but it was from China that it spread over trade routes through India, then across Arab lands, and finally to Europe ,where it met up with the other ancestor of the national flag.
小题1:The best title for the passage would be______. A．Power of the National FlagB．Uses of FlagC．Types of FlagsD．Development of the National Flag小题2:The underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 means_____A．impossible to make sure ofB．difficult to findC．likely to be protectedD．easy to damage小题3: The earliest flags were connected with heavenly power because______A．they were believed to stand for natural forcesB．they could bring good luck to fightersC．they were handed down by the ancestorsD．they could tell wind direction小题4:What does the author know of the first national flag?A．He thinks it came fromB．He believes it was made in EgyptC．He doubts where it started.D．He knows when it was sent to Europe小题5: What was the author most probably talk about next?A．The role of China in the spread of the national flag.B．The second ancestor of the national flag.C．The use of modern flags in EuropeD．The importance of modern flags 题型：未知难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:D
小题2:D
小题3:A
小题4:C
小题5:B
解析
本文介绍了作为国家象征的国旗的发展史。
小题1:主旨归纳题。第二段第二句及第五段首句等都说明本文是介绍国旗发展史的。
小题2:词意猜测题。由第三段中的similarly一词可知“人们的早期食物也具有和早期人类的房屋和船一样易碎的特点”，所以选D项对。
小题3:推断题。在第四段中谈到系布于竿子顶端来辨别风向比靠炊烟来辨别风向更可靠。且从此段尾句可知“早期的人类认为风力被给予了由图腾代表的神和祖先的美好祝愿”。故可推得风代表自然的力量。
小题4:细节理解题。从第五段第二句可直接推知。
小题5:推断题。由于本文只是详细谈论了国旗的一种原型，而依据第二段尾句可知下文将谈论国旗的另一种原型。
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“The flag, the most c.....”主要考查你对 [历史文化类阅读 ]考点的理解。历史文化类阅读
什么是历史文化类阅读：
本类题型常用的方式是夹叙夹议。叙述的目的是为了议，所以要把握其议才是主要方面。阅读这类文章，先弄清其引入的话题，再弄清里面人物对其不同的看法，然后理解作者本身对话题的观点看法或思考。
历史文化类阅读技巧：
【题型说明】历史文化类阅读理解文章属高考常选材料之一。这类文章常涉及历史、文化、法制、宗教等方面的文学艺术、发明创造、文化遗产保护、宗教与文化、风俗与习惯、道德与法制、中外文学名著节选、等等。这类材料的命题点往往落在主旨大意题、事实细节题上。
【答题方法】在做这类阅读理解题时，我们应注意以下几个方面：
1、采用先题后文：先读题目，再带着问题读文章。这类阅读理解文章相对来说事实细节题稍多一点，如果带着问题读文章，有利于我们抓细节。
2、先做细节题。因为做完了局部性的事实细节题后，自然会加深我们对文章的理解，这样更有利于做主旨大意题。
3、重点敲定主旨题。主旨大意题提问的形式主要有两大类：一类是Main idea型；一类是Topic或Title型。
在解答这类试题时应注意以下几点：
a．读首句抓大意。
文化教育类阅读理解文章多采用说明文、议论文体裁，而这类文章大都采用文章段落的中心，即主题句在文章开头。因此，要寻找这类文章的主旨大意就需要研究文章的首句。
b．读尾句抓大意。
有时这类文章的主题句安排在文章的结尾，作为对全篇的总结。
c．读首段抓大意。
有些文章或段落的开头和结尾部分都有主题句。这种结构是为了突出主题思想而使用两次点题的写作方法。这两个主题句在句子结构和用词上有所不同，而且在内容上前句和后句也不重复。
d．从段落中抓大意。
有些文章或段落的主题句在文章中，这种文章或段落往往以一句话或几句话引出要表达的主题，在主题句出现后，再举例子陈述细节或继续论证。
e．归纳要点抓大意。
有些文章或段落无明显的主题句，只是暗示性地体现主题。这就要求同学们在阅读过程中根据文中所叙述的事实或线索来概括总结主旨大意。
