题文
Barcodes (条形码) aren’t given much thought by the majority of consumers, but these codes were fairly recently applied in a working fashion in 1970.A small food store owner decided one day that keeping records of the inventory (存货) of his stock and the associated prices were an extremely laborious process, and so, in 1948, he contacted the The Drexel Institute of Technology in a bid to work towards a solution. Bernard Sliver rose to the challenge and set out to study the problem, and began working on a solution involving an automatic way of keeping track of items that had been sold. Silver and a group of students from the institute realized their answer in the form of ultraviolet light (紫外线), ink and a scanner.
The system worked initially, but possessed some negatives. It was incredibly costly to carry out on a large scale and the system was also unstable. If the invention was to become commonplace (寻常的事) in grocery stores, these two problems had to be solved.
The patent (专利)for the bar code system was filed by Sliver and one of his students, Woodland. The patent was not granted immediately; in fact it took three years for the patent agency to grand their invention patent for the barcode, occurring on 7th October, 1952.
Despite the patent being issued, the system was still not welcomed by the majority of store owners. It was not until 1966 that the system began moving its way into more and more grocery stores. This system was soon criticised, as there was no central mechanism for controlling uniformly coded items. In 1970, Logicorn developed the Universal Grocery Products Identification code (UGOIC), soon shortened to Universal Identification Number (UPC). It was Marsh’s superstore, in Troy, which was the very first store to install this complex barcode reading system, and its popularity has soared (升温) ever since, and is obviously now commonplace in all types of stores worldwide.
小题1:What is stressed in the second paragraph?A．The heavy work of store owners.B．The function of ultraviolet light, ink and a scanner.C．The origination of barcodes D．Bernard Silver’s education background.小题2:Which of the following was NOT a drawback of Silver’s system?A．It was expensive to be applied on a large scale.B．It was a laborious process.C．The system was not stable. D．It lacked a central mechanism.小题3:What is the purpose of the text?A．To tell people that failure is the mother of success.B．To praise scientists’ efforts in making people’s lives easier.C．To describe shop owners’ opinions of barcodes.D．To provide information about the development of barcodes. 题型：未知难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:D
解析
文章主要讲述了条形码的起源，刚开始的系统缺陷及其后期不断的改进，最终能够被广大的商店主们运用的发展经历。
小题1:细节题。从第二自然段可知，一个店主觉得自己的商品的存货和价钱的标签匹配是非常费时的工作，所以决定发明一种解决方法，故只要是讲条码的起源，故选C
小题2:细节题。从It was incredibly costly to carry out on a large scale and the system was also unstable.和This system was soon criticised, as there was no central mechanism for controlling uniformly coded items. 可知他的系统有这三方面的缺陷，而只有能够解决繁琐的工作不是他的缺点，故选B
小题3:主旨题。文章主要讲述了条形码的起源，刚开始的系统缺陷及其后期不断的改进，最终能够被我们大家接受的这样的一个发展历程，故选D
点评：本文不难，结构清晰，题目设置合理。属于说明文中较容易的文体。说明文是历年高考很常见的文体，对于科技类的说明文比较难，而对于介绍事物的文体较容易。本文中，把握好是对条形码的历史发展的描述。同时，此类文章对于细节题，在对文章看懂了的基础再仔细对比选项和文章，即可得出答案。
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“Barcodes (条形码) aren’.....”主要考查你对 [历史文化类阅读 ]考点的理解。历史文化类阅读
什么是历史文化类阅读：
本类题型常用的方式是夹叙夹议。叙述的目的是为了议，所以要把握其议才是主要方面。阅读这类文章，先弄清其引入的话题，再弄清里面人物对其不同的看法，然后理解作者本身对话题的观点看法或思考。
历史文化类阅读技巧：
【题型说明】历史文化类阅读理解文章属高考常选材料之一。这类文章常涉及历史、文化、法制、宗教等方面的文学艺术、发明创造、文化遗产保护、宗教与文化、风俗与习惯、道德与法制、中外文学名著节选、等等。这类材料的命题点往往落在主旨大意题、事实细节题上。
【答题方法】在做这类阅读理解题时，我们应注意以下几个方面：
1、采用先题后文：先读题目，再带着问题读文章。这类阅读理解文章相对来说事实细节题稍多一点，如果带着问题读文章，有利于我们抓细节。
2、先做细节题。因为做完了局部性的事实细节题后，自然会加深我们对文章的理解，这样更有利于做主旨大意题。
3、重点敲定主旨题。主旨大意题提问的形式主要有两大类：一类是Main idea型；一类是Topic或Title型。
在解答这类试题时应注意以下几点：
a．读首句抓大意。
文化教育类阅读理解文章多采用说明文、议论文体裁，而这类文章大都采用文章段落的中心，即主题句在文章开头。因此，要寻找这类文章的主旨大意就需要研究文章的首句。
b．读尾句抓大意。
有时这类文章的主题句安排在文章的结尾，作为对全篇的总结。
c．读首段抓大意。
有些文章或段落的开头和结尾部分都有主题句。这种结构是为了突出主题思想而使用两次点题的写作方法。这两个主题句在句子结构和用词上有所不同，而且在内容上前句和后句也不重复。
d．从段落中抓大意。
有些文章或段落的主题句在文章中，这种文章或段落往往以一句话或几句话引出要表达的主题，在主题句出现后，再举例子陈述细节或继续论证。
e．归纳要点抓大意。
有些文章或段落无明显的主题句，只是暗示性地体现主题。这就要求同学们在阅读过程中根据文中所叙述的事实或线索来概括总结主旨大意。
