题文
Everyone wants some degree of success. Many people believe that they deserve (值得)success simply because they believe that they deserve success. But there is a widespread belief that people who get on in life may be successful not because they deserve it, but because of influential (有影响的) friends or the right background. Sometimes it may just be a comforting and harmless belief, while at the other extreme it can be very destructive. I once met a brilliant young engineer who worked in a chemical plant. Because of her knowledge and experience, she should have been promoted（升职） to Production Manager. Instead, the job went to a man who was totally unsuited for the post. Everyone knew that he only got it because he was politically acceptable to his superiors (上司). This injustice discouraged the young engineer and many of her colleagues（同事）. It also meant that the factory was much less efficient than it could have been.At the same, we should not be pessimistic (悲观的). More and more then modern world depends on having people who are in the job because they are good enough, not just because their faces fit. There is a story of a factory owner who sent for an engineer to see to a machine which would not go. He examined it, then took out a hammer and tapped, once. The machine started up immediately. When he presented his bill, the owner protested, “This can’t be right! $ 100 just for tapping（敲打） a machine with a hammer ?” The engineer wrote out a new bill: “For tapping a machine, $1; for knowing where to tap. $99.”
小题1:The engineer at the chemical plant was not promoted because _____.A．it was politically less good for the boss to accept her than the manB．her boss did not think she had the right qualifications for the jobC．the man who got the promotion was more experienced than she wasD．it is more difficult for a woman to get a promotion than for her male colleague小题2:The engineer who repaired the machine was right in charging $ 100 because____.A．he hit the machine to get it started againB．the factory owner could not have repaired it himselfC．he was charging for his knowledge and expert skillsD．he was the only person who could find out what was wrong with it小题3:What can we learn about the author’s attitude toward the widespread belief that “people get on in life may be successful not because they deserve it”?A．He quite agrees with it.B．He doesn’t express his opinion his opinion at it.C．He completely disagrees with it.D．He doesn’t quite agree with it.小题4: According to the text, which of the following is NOT true?A．Having influential friends or right background seems helpful sometimes.B．The engineer had good reason to overcharge the factory owner.C．Not all those who are good in their jobs have the chance to be promoted.D．Those who are good in their jobs are still largely needed by the modern society. 题型：未知 难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:D
小题4:B
解析
小题1:细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第三句“Everyone knew that he only got it because he was politically acceptable.”可知贝提拔者的特点是政治观点，所以正确答案是A。
小题2:综合推断题。根据第三段第二句“because theya re good enough ”可知the manager 开100美元的账单的理由就是自己的粗涩技艺，所以选择C。
小题3:观点态度题。第三段开头“all the same ”意为“even so ”即“即使如此”，可见作者对这一观点不完全赞同。
小题4:辨别正误题。 B 项“overcharge”意为“讨价过高“，与原文意思不一致，因为讨价过高只是the factory owner一人的观点，而作者认为这一收费合理
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“Everyone wants some .....”主要考查你对 [政治经济类阅读 ]考点的理解。政治经济类阅读
政治经济类文章的概念：
要做好这类阅读，平时就要注意了解国内外发生的政治经济大事，掌握一定背景知识，对这类文章的叙述特点及内容安排有一定了解，还要扩展这方面的词汇。阅读这类文章，要抓住文章的核心，即文章整体和各段主要在说什么，也要注意段落之间的逻辑关系。
如何备考政治经济类阅读理解题：
【题型说明】政治经济类阅读文章是高考常选材料之一。该类文章时代气息浓郁，语言鲜活，但熟字新义词、超纲词及专业词语多，长句、难句多。政治类文章大多数是同学们感性趣的内容，读起来倒有似曾相识的感觉，经济类文章读起来就像是雾里看花，文章看完，一头雾水。再加之这类文章的命题侧重于词义猜测、推理判断和文章主旨，同学们对这类题材是望而生畏。
【备考策略】建立心理优势。针对不同体裁的文章，我们要采取相应的阅读方法和技巧。政治类文章多采用记叙文形式，我们可采取“顺读法”，以便抓关键语句，领会文章主旨；而经济类文章则多采用说明文形式，我们则可以采取“逆读法”，先读试题，再从文章中查找有用信息。若遇到的确难读的材料。千万不用着急，因为你觉得难，其他人也一定是同感。在高考前，我们就要有这种心理准备，高考试卷肯定有一、两篇难以阅读的材料。不过，我们平时可以有意识地从报刊杂志上找一些较难的阅读材料来阅读，以培养自己迎难而上的心理素质。
【答题方法】
1、寻找主干：
根据英语中五种基本句型结构，把句子中的主语、谓语、宾语、表语等主要成分找出来，其他成分如定语、状语、补语等则易于理解。找到了句子主干，句子的意思至少明白了一半。
2、剔除从句：
在一个长句中可能会出现若干个从句，在理解时，如果把各个从句剔除出来单独理解，然后把大意拼凑起来，整个长句的意思就会明白六、七分。
3、辨别分句：
一个长句如果是由几个并列、转折、递进、对比关系的分句组成，句中往往有表示这些分句关系的连接词，只要能弄清楚分句和分句之间的逻辑关系，再把各层分句的意思加以连贯，整个长句的句意基本上能跃然脑中。
4、寻找关键词：
如果一个句子看完，一点句意的感觉也没有，下下策就是抓住句中的关键词，通过关键词大体弄懂这个长句的意思。
