Drunken driving—sometimes called America's socially accepted form of murder—has

题文

Drunken driving—sometimes called America's socially accepted form of murder—has become a national epidemic(流行病). Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed by drunken drivers, adding up to an incredible 250,000 over the past ten years.
A drunken driver is usually defined as one with a 0.10 blood alcohol content or roughly three beers, glasses of wine or several glasses of whisky drunk within two hours. Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American manly image and judges were serious in most courts, but the drunken slaughter(屠宰) has recently caused so many well-publicized tragedies, especially involving young children, that public opinion is no longer so tolerant.
Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21, reversing(使翻转) a trend in the 1960s to reduce it to 18. After New Jersey lowered it to 18, the number of people killed by 18-20-year-old drivers more than doubled, so the state recently upped it back to 21.
Reformers, however, fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless accompanied by educational programs to help young people to develop “responsible attitudes” about drinking and teach them to resist peer pressure to drink.
Though new laws have led to increased arrests and tests and, in many areas already, to a marked decline in accidents, some states are also punishing bars for serving customers too many drinks. A bar in Massachusetts was fined for serving six or more double brandies to a customer who “obviously drunk” and later drove off the road, killing a nine-year-old boy.
As the accidents continue to occur daily in every state, some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the 13 years of national prohibition(禁止) of alcohol that began in 1919, what President Hoover called the “noble experiment”. They forgot that legal prohibition didn’t stop drinking, but encouraged political corruption and organized crime. As with the booming drug trade generally, there is no easy solution.
小题1:From the first paragraph, we can know that _________. A．most Americans like drinkingB．heavy drinking is hard to avoidC．many Americans are killed by drunk driversD．Americans are not shocked by traffic accidents小题2:In America, public opinion about drunken driving has changed because ________. A．judges are no longer seriousB．new laws are introduced in some states C．the problem has attracted public attentionD．drivers do not appreciate their manly image小题3:What can be inferred from the fact of the traffic accidents in New Jersey?A．The legal drinking age should be raised. B．Young drivers were usually bad. C．Most drivers hoped to raise the legal drinking age. D．Drivers should not be allowed to drink.小题4:Laws recently introduced in some states have _________.A．reduced the number of deaths.B．resulted in fewer serious accidents.C．prevented bars from serving drunken customers.D．specified the amount drivers can drink.小题5:Which of the following best shows the writer’s opinion of drunken driving? A．It may lead to organized crime. B．It is difficult to solve this problem. C．The new laws can stop heavy drinking. D．There should be no bars to serve drink. 题型：未知 难度：其他题型

答案

小题1:C
小题2:C
小题3:A
小题4:B
小题5:B

解析

本文讲述了在美国各地酒驾导致人死亡的事故越来越多，很多州都提高了驾车的年龄等具体的信息。
小题1:C 细节题。根据第一段Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed by drunken drivers, adding up to an incredible 250,000 over the past ten years.说明很多人都死于酒驾，故C正确。
小题2:C 推理题。根据第二段后3行but the drunken slaughter(屠宰) has recently caused so many well-publicized tragedies, especially involving young children, that public opinion is no longer so tolerant.说明现在的酒驾导致的死亡人数越来越多，酒驾行为已经引起了人们的关注。故C正确。
小题3:A 推断题。 根据第三段After New Jersey lowered it to 18, the number of people killed by 18-20-year-old drivers more than doubled, so the state recently upped it back to 21.说明在新泽西州死于18-20岁的司机的人的数量很大，说明作者是支持提高喝酒的年龄的，故A正确。
小题4:B 细节题。根据第五点1,2行Though new laws have led to increased arrests and tests and, in many areas already, to a marked decline in accidents说明事故的数量在下降，故B正确。
小题5:B 推理题。根据文章最后一句As with the booming drug trade generally, there is no easy solution.说明这样的行为很难有很好的解决方法，故B正确。
点评：本文讲述了在美国各地酒驾导致人死亡的事故越来越多，很多州都提高了驾车的年龄等。本文细节题居多，答题时在文章找到对应的地方，用笔进行标记，这有利于后期有时间检查时可以立刻找到答案的位置。仔细理解作者所讲的意思，再结合选项，通过排除法和自己对全文的把握，选出正确答案。

考点

据考高分专家说，试题“Drunken driving—some.....”主要考查你对 [新闻报道类阅读 ]考点的理解。

新闻报道类阅读

新闻报道类阅读的概念：

阅读理解的选材明显地呈现出关注实际生活的趋势，这种趋势与当前基础教育改革的目标是一致的，而中学生学习语言的根本目标与基础教育学会求知，学会做事，学会合作，学会做人的目标是一致的，真实新颖的选材对基础英语教学课程改革具有重要的反作用。

新闻报道类阅读理解技巧点拨：       

        新闻报道类类文章有一共同特点，即都是由标题（Headline）、导语（Lead）、主体（Mainbody）、背景（Background）和结尾（End）五部分构成。标题是新闻报道中心思想高度而又精辟的概括；导语位于新闻报道的首段，高度概括新闻事实；主体则对导语概括的新闻事实进行详细叙述；新闻背景是指新闻事实之外，对新闻事实或新闻事实的某个部分进行解释或补充的材料；结尾往往是新闻事件的结果或动态展望，也是中心思想的概括并常常与新闻导语相呼应。
        新闻报道中的导语非常重要，它位于文章的第一段，通过它点出新闻的主题，五个W和一个H(When,Where,Who,What,Why和How)通常是构成一则完整消息不可缺少的要素。文章往往呈现出“倒金字塔”的特征，因此读懂首句或首段至关重要。
       另外，从句的使用也是此类文章的一大语言特色，因为从句信息量大，适合新闻报道的要求。此外，大量的副词和插入语的使用也是此类文章的特点。为使文章更客观、更具信服力，常用The study said…, Scientists believe that…Experts said…, It's reported that…, According to the survey…等语言。同事在阅读过程中，我们要对材料所提供信息如when, where, who, how, why等进行提问，将信息迅速提炼出来。

新闻报道类阅读应试策略：

【命题趋势】
阅读理解的选材明显地呈现出关注实际生活的趋势，这种趋势与当前基础教育改革的目标是一致的，而中学生学习语言的根本目标与基础教育学会求知，学会做事，学会合作，学会做人的目标是一致的，真实新颖的选材对基础英语教学课程改革具有重要的反作用。时文报道就在文章中体现了这一要求。主要表现在以下几个方面：
1、反映海内外事件，文章结构严谨，内容贴近生活，用现代英语反映现代生活。
2、如果是新闻报道，都有比较固定的写作格式，如文首通常有报道的地点或时间，第一句话常常是文章的导语，有助于了解文章的大致内容和主题。
3、如果是新闻报道则是记叙文，有地点、时间、人物、事物等要素。
4、有许多大量反映当代社会变化的新词汇和表达方式。
5、命题既重细节，又重推理和主旨。
6、大背景中的小事件，大事件中的小插曲往往是选材的热点。
【应试对策】
1、在平时学习中，关注生活，阅读新闻报道和广告类文章、把阅读时事文章作为学习英语的重要途径。
2、了解新的词汇和表达方式。如：tsunami海啸，MP3players(MP3)播放器，well_offsociety小康社会等。
3、抓住文章主题，准确捕捉细节和内涵，进行合理的推理。
4、品味新闻的标题，联系平时所积累的知识，为了解材料大意作铺垫。
5、了解新闻报道的特殊规律，其内容和多含何人、何地、何事、何时等，阅读时要抓住新闻的这一主要特点去理解判断。
6、要注意文中以黑体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是材料的核心或至少是一部分内容的概括。