题文
LonDON (Reuters) — Children are dying for lack of drugs tailored to their needs, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), which launched a global campaign on Thursday to promote more research into child medicine.More than half of the drugs currently used to treat children in the industrialized world have not been specifically tested on youngsters.
The problem is even worse in developing countries where price remains a major barrier and 6 million children die each year from treatable conditions.
In the case of HIV/AIDS, the few existing pediatric therapies（儿科的疗法）developed for children generally cost three times more than adult ones.
As a result, clinicians lack clear guidelines on the best drug to use and often have to guess at the correct dose.
Fortunately, the WHO has drawn up the first international List of Essential Medicines for Children, containing 206 products considered safe for children.
“But a lot remains to be done. There are priority medicines that have not been adapted for children’s use or are not available when needed,” said Dr Hans, the U.N. agency’s director of medicines policy and standards.
Medicines that need to be adapted to children’s needs include many antibiotics, pain drugs as well as combination pills for HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria.
The agency is building an Internet entrance linking to clinical trials carried out in children and will launch a Web site with the information early next year.
Testing medicines on children has always been a controversial issue, since good ethical（伦理的）practice requires informed agreement from people participating in clinical trials, which is difficult to obtain in the case of children.
As a result, research-based drug companies have been wary of developing child-friendly medicines and general companies have been slow to produce them at lower cost.
In an attempt to deal with the issue, both Europe and the United States now have special rules offering extended patent protection for drugs that have been tested on children.
小题1:Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A．A Global Campaign to Promote Research into AIDS MedicineB．WHO Says Children are Dying for Lack of Child-sized Drugs C．Many People are Concerned about Children’s DrugsD．Measures Taken to Develop Child-friendly Medicine Quickly小题2:Which of the following medicine is not needed to be adapted to children’s need according to the passage?A．Pain killers.B．Tuberculosis.C．AID pills.D．Flu pills.小题3:Why has testing medicines on children always been a controversial issue? A．It is against good ethical practiceB．Children shouldn’t take part in clinical trials.C．It is hard to get informed agreement from children tested.D．Parents don’t allow their children to be tested on medicine.小题4:The underlined word “wary” in the last but one paragraph means _________.A．fastB．fondC．cautiousD．uninterested小题5:What can be inferred from the passage? A．There is still a long way to go on children’s medicine.B．An Internet entrance is being built to link to clinical trials carried out in children. C．Both Europe and the United States now have special rules offering extended patent protection for children’s drugs. D．Less than half of the drugs currently used to treat children in the industrialized world have not been specifically tested on youngsters 题型：未知 难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:C
小题5:A
解析
文章介绍现在缺乏儿童药物的严重问题，很多儿童为此在面临死亡的危险，文章还分析不能在儿童身上检测药物的原因。
小题1:主旨题：从文章的第一段的句子：Children are dying for lack of drugs tailored to their needs, according to the World Health Organization (WHO),可知世界健康组织说儿童因为缺乏儿童药物在面临死亡的危险。选B
小题2:细节题：从第八段的句子：Medicines that need to be adapted to children’s needs include many antibiotics, pain drugs as well as combination pills for HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria.可知感冒药不用为儿童改变。选D。
小题3:细节题：从第九段的句子：Testing medicines on children has always been a controversial issue, since good ethical（伦理的）practice requires informed agreement from people participating in clinical trials, 可知选C
小题4:猜词题：从后面的句子：general companies have been slow to produce them at lower cost.可知研究药物的公司对研发有利于儿童的药物很谨慎。选C。
小题5:细节题：从倒数第二段的句子：general companies have been slow to produce them at lower cost.可知开发儿童药物还有很长的路要走。选A
点评：文章介绍现在缺乏儿童药物的严重问题，很多儿童为此在面临死亡的危险，文章还分析不能在儿童身上检测药物的原因。要求考生仔细阅读这篇文章，耐心审题，结合题目做出准确的定位判断。必要的时候要进行推理，透过句子表面看作者的真正意图。
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“LonDON (Reuters) — C.....”主要考查你对 [新闻报道类阅读 ]考点的理解。新闻报道类阅读
新闻报道类阅读的概念：
阅读理解的选材明显地呈现出关注实际生活的趋势，这种趋势与当前基础教育改革的目标是一致的，而中学生学习语言的根本目标与基础教育学会求知，学会做事，学会合作，学会做人的目标是一致的，真实新颖的选材对基础英语教学课程改革具有重要的反作用。
新闻报道类阅读理解技巧点拨：
新闻报道类类文章有一共同特点，即都是由标题（Headline）、导语（Lead）、主体（Mainbody）、背景（Background）和结尾（End）五部分构成。标题是新闻报道中心思想高度而又精辟的概括；导语位于新闻报道的首段，高度概括新闻事实；主体则对导语概括的新闻事实进行详细叙述；新闻背景是指新闻事实之外，对新闻事实或新闻事实的某个部分进行解释或补充的材料；结尾往往是新闻事件的结果或动态展望，也是中心思想的概括并常常与新闻导语相呼应。
新闻报道中的导语非常重要，它位于文章的第一段，通过它点出新闻的主题，五个W和一个H(When,Where,Who,What,Why和How)通常是构成一则完整消息不可缺少的要素。文章往往呈现出“倒金字塔”的特征，因此读懂首句或首段至关重要。
另外，从句的使用也是此类文章的一大语言特色，因为从句信息量大，适合新闻报道的要求。此外，大量的副词和插入语的使用也是此类文章的特点。为使文章更客观、更具信服力，常用The study said…, Scientists believe that…Experts said…, It's reported that…, According to the survey…等语言。同事在阅读过程中，我们要对材料所提供信息如when, where, who, how, why等进行提问，将信息迅速提炼出来。
新闻报道类阅读应试策略：
【命题趋势】
阅读理解的选材明显地呈现出关注实际生活的趋势，这种趋势与当前基础教育改革的目标是一致的，而中学生学习语言的根本目标与基础教育学会求知，学会做事，学会合作，学会做人的目标是一致的，真实新颖的选材对基础英语教学课程改革具有重要的反作用。时文报道就在文章中体现了这一要求。主要表现在以下几个方面：
1、反映海内外事件，文章结构严谨，内容贴近生活，用现代英语反映现代生活。
2、如果是新闻报道，都有比较固定的写作格式，如文首通常有报道的地点或时间，第一句话常常是文章的导语，有助于了解文章的大致内容和主题。
3、如果是新闻报道则是记叙文，有地点、时间、人物、事物等要素。
4、有许多大量反映当代社会变化的新词汇和表达方式。
5、命题既重细节，又重推理和主旨。
6、大背景中的小事件，大事件中的小插曲往往是选材的热点。
【应试对策】
1、在平时学习中，关注生活，阅读新闻报道和广告类文章、把阅读时事文章作为学习英语的重要途径。
2、了解新的词汇和表达方式。如：tsunami海啸，MP3players(MP3)播放器，well_offsociety小康社会等。
3、抓住文章主题，准确捕捉细节和内涵，进行合理的推理。
4、品味新闻的标题，联系平时所积累的知识，为了解材料大意作铺垫。
5、了解新闻报道的特殊规律，其内容和多含何人、何地、何事、何时等，阅读时要抓住新闻的这一主要特点去理解判断。
6、要注意文中以黑体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是材料的核心或至少是一部分内容的概括。
