1)与主语动词同时,
Hearingthenews,hejumpedwithjoy. 听到这一消息,他高兴得手舞足蹈。
Arrivingthere,theyfoundtheboydead. 刚一到那儿,他们就发现那男孩死了。典型例题
Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,___alongspeechforthepresident.
A.toprepare B.preparing C.prepared D.waspreparing
答案B.此处没有连词,不能选D,否则出现了两个谓语动词worked和waspreparing。只能在B,C中选一个。又因前后两个动作同时发生,且与主语为主动关系,应用现在分词。2)先于主动词
Whilewalkinginthegarden,hehurthisleg.在花园里散步时他伤了腿。
分词作时间状语,如果先与主动词的动作,且强调先后,要用havingdone。
Havingfinishedhishomework,hewentout.
=Ashehadfinishedhishomework,hewentout.
做完作业后,他出去了。典型例题
___areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.
A.Notr eceiving B.Receivingnot C.Nothavingreceived D.Havingnotr eceived
答案C.本题考查分词的时态与分词的否定式。根据题意判断,分词的动作(接信)发生在谓语动词的动作(决心再写信)之前,因此用分词的完成式。分词的否定式的构成为not+分词,故选C。该句可理解为:Becausehehadnotr eceivedareply,hedecidedtowriteagain.