Betweenlaborandplaystandswork.Amanisaworkerifheispersonallyinterestedinthejobwhichsocietypayshimtodo;
whatfromthepointofviewofsocietyisnecessarylaborisfromhisownpointofviewvoluntaryplay.
Whetherajobistobeclassifiedaslabororworkdepends,notonthejobitself,
butonthetastesoftheindividualwhoundertakesit.Thedifferencedoesnot,forexample,
coincidewiththedifferencebetweenamanualandamentaljob;agardeneroracobblermaybeaworker,abankclerkalaborer.
Whichamaniscanbeseenfromhisattitudetowardleisure.
Toaworker,leisuremeanssimplythehourheneedstorelaxandrestinordertoworkefficiently.
Heisthereforemorelikelytotaketoolittleleisurethantoomuch;workersdieofcoronariesandforgettheirwives’birthdays.
Tothelaborer,ontheotherhand,leisuremeansfreedomfromcompulsion,sothatitisnaturalforhimtoimaginethatthefewerhourshehastospendlaboring,
andthemorehoursheisfreetoplay,thebetter.
正确答案:劳役和玩乐之间是工作。一个对获得社会支付的职业感兴趣的人就是工作者;从社会角度来看必须付出的劳动而在个人来看就是自愿选择的娱乐。一个职业是归类为劳役还是工作不是看其职业本身,而是看从事这一职业的个人爱好。比如,这个差异并不是体力劳动与脑力劳动之间的差异;一个花匠或皮匠可以是个工作者,而一个银行职员则可能是苦役者。对此从他对休闲的态度就可以看出。对于工作者来说,休闲只是他为了更有效地工作而放松休息的时间,因此他花费的休闲时间很可能太少而非太多,他常常死于冠心病或忘记他妻子的生日。而对于劳役者来说,休闲就是摆脱强制,因此对他来说自然是劳作时间越少而玩的时间越多越好。



