PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)
Text1
Whilestillcatching-uptomeninsomespheresofmodernlife,womenappeartobewayaheadinatleastoneundesirablecategory.“Womenareparticularlysusceptibletodevelopingdepressionandanxietydisordersinresponsetostr esscomparedtomen,”accordingtoDr.Yehuda,chiefpsychiatr istatNewYork’sVeteran’sAdministr ationHospital.
Studiesofbothanimalsandhumanshaveshownthatsexhormonessomehowaffectthestr essresponse,causingfemalesunderstr esstoproducemoreofthetr iggerchemicalsthandomalesunderthesameconditions.Inseveralofthestudies,whenstr essed-outfemaleratshadtheirovaries(thefemalereproductiveorgans)removed,theirchemicalresponsesbecameequaltothoseofthemales.
Addingtoawoman’sincreaseddoseofstr esschemicals,areherincreased“opportunities”forstr ess.“It’snotnecessarilythatwomendon’tcopeaswell.It’sjustthattheyhavesomuchmoretocopewith,”saysDr.Yehuda.“Theircapacityfortoleratingstr essmayevenbegreaterthanmen’s,”sheobserves,“it’sjustthatthey’redealingwithsomanymorethingsthattheybecomewornoutfromitmorevisiblyandsooner.”
Dr.Yehudanotesanotherdifferencebetweenthesexes.“Ithinkthatthekindsofthingsthatwomenareexposedtotendtobeinmoreofachronicorrepeatednature.Mengotowarandareexposedtocombatstr ess.Menareexposedtomoreactsofrandomphysicalviolence.Thekindsofinterpersonalviolencethatwomenareexposedtotendtobeindomesticsituations,by,unfortunately,parentsorotherfamilymembers,andtheytendnottobeone-shotd eals.Thewear-and-tearthatcomesfromtheselongerrelationshipscanbequitedevastating.”
AdelineAlvarezmarriedat18andgavebirthtoason,butwasdeterminedtofinishcollege.“Istr uggledalottogetthecollegedegree.Iwaslivinginsomuchfrustr ationthatthatwasmyescape,togotoschool,andgetaheadanddobetter.”Later,hermarriageendedandshebecameasinglemother.“It’sthehardestthingtotakecareofateenager,haveajob,paytherent,paythecarpayment,andpaythedebt.Ilivedfrompaychecktopaycheck.”
Noteveryoneexperiencesthekindsofseverechronicstr essesAlvarezdescribes.Butmostwomentodayarecopingwithalotofobligations,withfewbreaks,andfeelingthestr ain.Alvarez’sexperiencedemonstr atestheimportanceoffindingwaystodiffusestr essbeforeitthreatensyourhealthandyourabilitytofunction.
21.Whichofthefollowingistr ueaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?
[A]Womenarebiologicallymorevulnerabletostr ess.
[B]Womenarestillsufferingmuchstr esscausedbymen.
[C]Womenaremoreexperiencedthanmenincopingwithstr ess.
[D]Menandwomenshowdifferentinclinationswhenfacedwithstr ess.
正确答案：A
