Text 2 One meaning of the Greek word “dran” is to accomplish, and in this meaning lies a

Text2OnemeaningoftheGreekword“dran”istoaccomplish,andinthismeaningliesafurtherkeytothestr uctureofdrama.Aplayconcernsahumanagentattemptingtoaccomplishsomepurpose.Intr agedyhisattemptis,inpersonaltermsatleast,unsuccessful;incomedyitissuccessful;intheproblemplayfinalaccomplishmentisofteneitherambiguousordoubtful.

Thisaction,fromthebeginningtotheendofamovementtowardapurposedgoal,mustalsohaveamiddle;itmustproceedthroughanumberofsteps,thesuccessionofincidentswhichmakeuptheplot.Becausethedramatistisconcernedwiththemeaningandlogicofeventsratherthanwiththeircasualrelationshipintime,hewillprobablyselecthismaterialandorderitonabasisoftheoperation,inhumanaffairs,oflawsofcauseandeffect.Itisinthiscausalrelationshipofincidentsthattheelementofconflict,presentinvirtuallyallplays,appears.

Thecentr alfigureoftheplay—theprotagonist—encountersdifficulties;hispurposeorpurposesconflictwitheventsorcircumstances,withpurposesofothercharactersintheplay,orwithcross-purposeswhichexistwithinhisownthoughtsanddesires.Thesedifficultiesthreatentheprotagonist’saccomplishment;inotherwords,theypresentcomplications,andhissuccessorfailureindealingwiththesecomplicationsdeterminestheoutcome.Normally,complicationsbuildthroughtheplayinorderofincreasingdifficulty;onecomplicationmaybeaddedtoanother,oronemaygrowoutofthesolutionofaprecedingone.Atsomepointinthischainofcomplicationandsolution,achievedorattempted,theprotagonistperformsanactormakesadecisionwhichirrevocablycommitshimtoafurthercourse,pointstowardcertaingeneralconsequences.Thispointisusuallycalledthecrisis;thecomplicationsandsolutionswhichfollowworkoutthelogicalstepsfromcrisistofinalresolution,ordenouement.

第26题：Accordingtothefirstparagraphofthetext,adramatist________.

［A］seldombelieveswhathewritesabout

［B］portr ayswhatheexperiencesinthedrama

［C］concernshimselfwiththeresultsofhumaneffort

［D］tr iestoconvincehisaudienceofwhathebelieves

本题考查推理引申。第一段第二句提到，一部戏剧和一个试图达到某种目的的人文动作者（humanagent）有关。接下来该段分别讲述了在悲剧、喜剧和问题剧中动作者的目的的实现情况。由此可知，动作者指的是“对推动戏剧情节起很大作用的人物”，戏剧就是该人物实现其目的的过程，不同的结果决定了戏剧的性质。因此，［C］是一部戏剧或剧作家所关注的，其他项都无从推知。