根据下列材料，请回答46～50题：
Readthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentr anslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.Yourtr anslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10points)
SincethedaysofAristotle,asearchforuniversalprincipleshascharacterizedthescientificenterprise.Insomeways,thisquestforcommonalitiesdefinesscience.Newton'slawsofmotionandDarwinianevolutioneachbindahostofdifferentphenomenaintoasingleexplicatoryframework.
(46)Inphysics,oneapproachtakesthisimpulseforunificationtoitsextr eme,andseeksatheoryofeverything—asinglegenerativeequationforallwesee.Itisbecominglessclear,however,thatsuchatheorywouldbeasimplification,giventheproliferationofdimensionsanduniversesthatitmightentail.Nonetheless,unificationofsortsremainsamajorgoal.
Thistendencyinthenaturalscienceshaslongbeenevidentinthesocialsciencestoo.(47)Here,Darwinismseemstoofferjustification,forifallhumanssharecommonorigins,itseemsreasonabletosupposethatculturaldiversitycouldalsobetr acedtomoreconstr ainedbeginnings.Justasthebewilderingvarietyofhumancourtshipritualsmightallbeconsideredtobeformsofsexualselection,perhapstheworld'slanguages,music,socialandreligiouscustomsandevenhistoryaregovernedbyuniversalfeatures.(48)Tofilteroutwhatiscontingentanduniquefromwhatissharedmightenableustounderstandhowcomplexculturalbehaviouraroseandwhatguidesitinevolutionaryorcognitiveterms.
That,atleast,isthehope.Butacomparativestudyoflinguistictr aitspublishedonlinetodaysuppliesarealitycheck.RussellGrayattheUniversityofAucklandandhiscolleaguesconsidertheevolutionofgrammarsinthelightoftwopreviousattemptstofinduniversalityinlanguage.
ThemostfamousoftheseeffortswasinitiatedbyNoamChomsky,whopostulatedthathumansarebornwithaninnatelanguage-acquisitioncapacitythatd ictatesauniversalgrammar.Afewgenerativerulesarethensufficienttounfoldtheentirefundamentalstr uctureofalanguage,whichiswhychildrencanlearnitsoquickly.
(49)Thesecond,byJoshuaGreenberg,takesamoreempiricalapproachtouniversality,identifyingtr aits(particularlyinwordorder)sharedbymanylanguages,whichareconsideredtorepresentbiasesthatr esultfromcognitiveconstr aints.
Grayandhiscolleagueshaveputthemtothetestbyexaminingfourfamilytr eesthatbetweenthemrepresentmorethan2,000languages.(50)Chomsky’sgrammarshouldshowpatternsoflanguagechangethatareindependentofthefamilytr eeorthepathwaytr ackedthroughit,whereasGreenbergianuniversalitypredictsstr ongco-dependenciesbetweenparticulartypesofword-orderrelations.Neitherofthesepatternsisborneoutbytheanalysis,suggestingthatthestr ucturesofthelanguagesarelineage-specificandnotgovernedbyuniversals.
第46题请在（46）处填上最佳答案
正确答案：在物理学领域，有一种方法将这种“万物归一的推动力”推向了极致，它试图探寻到能解释一切的，最底层的公式。
