D It is true that good writers rewrite and rewrite and then rewrite some more. But in orde

D

Itistr uethatgoodwritersrewriteandrewriteandthenrewritesomemore.Butinordertoworkupthedesiretorewrite,itisimportanttolearntolikewhatyouwriteattheearlystage.

IamsurprisedatthenumberoffamouswritersIknowwhosaythattheysodislikereadingtheirownwritinglaterthattheyevenhatetolookoverthepublishers’opinions.Onereasonwemaydislikereadingourownworkisthatwe’reoftendisappointedthattherichideasinourmindsseemverythinandplainwhenfirstwrittendown.JerryFodorandStevenPinkersuggestthatthisfactmaybearesultofhowourmindswork..

Differentfrompopularbelief,wedonotusuallythinkintheworksandsentencesofordinarylanguagebutinsymbolsforideas（knownas“mentalese”）,andwritingourideasdownisanactoftr anslationfromthatsymboliclanguage.Butwhilementalesecontainsourthoughtsintheform.ofacomplextapestr y（织锦），writingcanonlybecomposedonethreadatatime.Thereforeitshouldnotbesurprisingthatourfirstattemptatexpressingideasshouldlooksosimple.Itisonlybyrepeatedlyrewritingthatweproducesnewthreadsandconnectthemtogetclosertotheideasformedinourminds.

Whenpeoplewriteasifsomestr ictcritics（批评家）arelookingovertheirshoulder,theyaresoworriedaboutwhatthiscriticmightsaythattheygetstuckbeforetheyevenstart.PeterElbowmakesanexcellentsuggestiontodealwiththisproblem.Whenwritingweshouldhavetwodifferentminds.Atthefirststage,weshouldseeeveryidea,aswellasthewordsweusetoexpressit,aswonderfulandworthputtingdown.Itisonlyduringrewritesthatweshouldexaminewhatweexcitedlywroteinthefirststageandcheckforweaknesses.

68.Whatd owelearnfromthetextaboutthosefamouswriters?

ATheyoftenregretwritingpoorworks

BSomeofthemwritesurprisinglymuch.

CManyofthemhatereadingtheirownworks

DTheyarehappytoreviewthepublishers’opinions.