A
Usually,whenyourteacherasksaquestion,thereisonlyonecorrectanswer.Butthereisonequestionthathasmillionsofcurrentanswers.Thatquestionis“What’syourname?”Everyonegivesadifferentanswer,buteveryoneiscorrect.
Haveyoueverwonderedaboutpeople’snames?Wheredotheycomefrom?Whatd otheymean?
People’sfirstnames,orgivennames,arechosenbytheirparents.Sometimesthenameofagrandparentorothermemberofthefamilyisused.Someparentschoosethenameofawell-knownperson.AboycouldbenamedGeorgeWashingtonSmith;agirlcouldbenamedHelenKellerJones.
Somepeoplegivetheirchildrennamesthatmeangoodthings.Clarameans“bright”;Beatr icemeans“onewhogiveshappiness”;Donaldmeans“worldruler”;Leonardmeans“asbraveasalion”.
Theearliestlastnames,orsurnames,weretakenfromplacenames.AfamilywiththenameBrookorBrooksprobablylivednearbrook(小溪);someonewhowascalledLongstr eetprobablylivedonalong,pavedroad.TheGreenwoodfamilylivedinornearaleafyforest.
Otherearlysurnamescamefrompeople’soccupations.ThemostcommonoccupationalnameisSmith,whichmeansapersonwhomakesthingswithironorothermetals.Inthepast,smithswereveryimportantworkersineverytownandvillage.Someotheroccupationalnamesare:Carter—apersonwhoownedordroveacart;Potter—apersonwhomadepotsandpans.
TheancestorsoftheBakerfamilyprobablybakedbreadfortheirneighborsintheirnativevillage.TheCarpenter’sgreat-great-great-grandfatherprobablybuilthousesandfurniture.
Sometimespeoplewereknownforthecoloroftheirhairorskin,ortheirsize,ortheirspecialabilities.WhenthereweretwomenwhowerenamedJohninthesamevillage,theJohnwiththegrayhairprobablybecameJohnGray.OrtheJohnwasverytallcouldcallhimselfJohnTallman.JohnFishwasprobablyanexcellentswimmerandJohnLightfootwasprobablyafastr unneroragooddancer.
Somefamilynamesweremadebyaddingsomethingtothefather’sname.English-speakingpeopleadded–sor–son.TheJohnsonsaredescendantsofJohn;theRobertsfamily’sancestorwasRobert.IrishandScottishpeopleaddedMacorMcorO.PerhapsalloftheMacDonnellsandtheMcDonnellsandtheO’DonnellsaredescendantsofthesameDonnell.
56.WhichofthefollowingaspectsdothesurnamesinthepassageNOTcover?A.Placeswherepeoplelived.
B.People’scharacters.
C.Talentsthatpeoplepossessed.
D.People’soccupations.
正确答案:B


