省略和替代一样,也是一种避免重复、突出关键词并使上下文紧密连接的手段。为了避免重复,常常省略句子中的一个或几个成分,这样的句子叫省略句。高三英语省略句的几种形式有从句中Itis的省略;从句主语和主句主语一致时的省略;表语的承前省略;动词的省略[英语语法],下面请看常见的省略现象:
并列结构中的省略现象第一,并列句中的省略现象
(一)省略主语。如,
Shewenttothehospitaland(she)sawadoctor.
【例】—Iwaswonderingifwecouldgoskiingontheweekend.
—________good.
A.SoundB.Sounded
C.SoundingD.Sounds
【析】答案是D。省略了主语It。
(二)省略整个谓语或谓语的主要部分。如,
EitherTommustberesponsibleforthematterorwewillbe(responsibleforthematter).
【例】________andI'llgettheworkfinished.
A.HaveonemorehourB.Onemorehour
C.GivenonemorehourD.IfIhaveonemorehour
【析】答案是B。整个句子相当于Ifyougivemeonemorehour,I'llgettheworkfinished。
(三)省略谓语中的助动词。如,
WasJackplayingtheguitarand(was)Alicepreparingthesupper?
(四)省略谓语中主要动词。如,
Albertneedn'tstay,butGeorgemust(stay).
(五)省略宾语。如,
Johnlikessmoking,butMaryhates(smoking).
(六)省略主语补足语。如,
Georgewas(interestedintheperformance),butJimpretendedtobe,interestedintheperformance.
(七)省略状语。如,
MrBrownteaches(inCambridge),andhissonstudiesinCambridge.
第二,名词词组中的省略。如,
Thisishislatestbook;Ihopeitisnothislast(book).
Whatisthedifferencebetweenadirectquestionandanindirect(question)?
Tom'sworkatschoolisexcellent,Harry's(work)ispoor.
第三,介词词组中的省略。如,
Bobisboredwith(music),butpeterisinterestedinit.
主从结构中的省略现象第一,主句中的省略现象。如,
(I)Hopeyouwilllikeit.
(Itis)No/Small/Littlewondertheyalllovedtheboydearly.
【例】—BradwasJane'sbrother.
—________heremindedmesomuchofJane!
A.NodoubtB.Aboveall
C.NowonderD.Ofcourse
【析】答案是C。前面省略了Itis。
第二,状语分句中的省略现象。如,
Youmustbeamemberoftheclubsinceyourbrotheris(amemberoftheclub).
Iampreparedtomeetthemwhen(theylike)andwheretheylike.
Theywillbearrivingeitherbefore(theshowbegins)oraftertheshowbegins.
While(Iwas)waiting,Iwasreadingsomeoldmagazines.
If(itis)carefullydone,theexperimentwillbesuccessful.
Theoldladywaslookingwellalthough(shewas)livingalone.
【例】Unless________tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.
A.invitedB.inviting
C.beinginvitedD.havinginvited
【析】答案是A。前面省略了youare。
第三,名词性that-分句中的省略现象。如,
Marywillsingattheparty,butIknowJohnwon't(singattheparty).
A:—Willitraintoday?
B:—Ihope(thatitwill)not(rain)
【例】—Youhaven'tlosttheticket,haveyou?
—________.Iknowit'snoteasytogetanotheroneatthemoment.
A.IhopenotB.Yes,Ihave
C.IhopesoD.Yes,I'mafraidso
【析】答案是A。相当于IhopeIhaven'tlostmyticket。
第四,名词性wh-分句中的省略现象。如,
Someonehasusedmybike,butIdon'tknowwho(hasusedit).
Thecupwasbrokenbysomeone,butIwonderbywhom(thecupwasbroken)
Idon'tknowwhen(tomeethim)andwheretomeethim.
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