Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger, guilt emerges a little later, in conjunction with a child's growing grasp of social and moral norms. Children aren't born knowing how to say "I'm sorry"; rather, they learn over time that such statements appease parents and friends—and their own consciences. This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the right amount, to be a good thing.
和悲伤、恐惧和愤怒等所谓的基本情绪不同，内疚产生得稍晚一些，它是随着孩子对社会和道德准则的理解不断增强而产生的。孩子不是生来就知道怎么说“对不起”的，更确切地说，他们是经历一段时间后才学习到这类表达可以安抚父母和朋友——以及他们自己的良心。这就是为什么研究人员一般会认为适量的所谓道德内疚是一件好事情。
Forests give us shade, quiet and one of the harder challenges in the fight against climate change. Even as we humans count on forests to soak up a good share of the carbon dioxide we produce, we are threatening their ability to do so. The climate change we are hastening could one day leave us with forests that emit more carbon than they absorb.
森林为我们提供阴凉、宁静，也为我们应对气候交化带来了一个更加艰巨的挑战。当我们人类正指望森林吸收我们制造的大量二氧化碳时，我们也在对森林吸收二氧化碳的能力造成威胁。我们正在加速的气候变化，可能有一天会给我们留下排放比吸收二氧化碳还要多的森林。
