英语主语一致 举例

学习 时间:2026-04-06 18:53:47 阅读:9486
英语主语一致 举例

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殷勤的灰狼

友好的大船

2026-04-06 18:53:47

1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数
  Reading and writing are very important。
  注意: 当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词,共用一个冠词用单数,表示一人兼两职。
  The iron and steel industry is very important to our life。
  The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting。
  A。 is B。 was C。 are D。 were
  答案B。 注: 先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时,先排除A。,C。。本题易误选D,因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人,但仔细辨别, monitor 前没有the,在英语中,当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人,所以应选B。
  2 主谓一致中的就近原则
  当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
  There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk。。
  There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class。
  总的来说,在由not only…but also…, not just…but…, or, either…or…, neither…nor…连接主语的句子中及在there be句型中,谓语动词的单复数按就近原则处理,即按与谓语动词最靠近的那个主语来确定谓语动词的单复数形式。如:
  Not only John but also I am going to Shanghai next week。 
  Either you or she is to go。
  Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you。
  3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致
  当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
  The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory。
  He as well as I wants to go boating。
  4 谓语需用单数
  1) 代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语,或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数。
  Each of us has a tape-recorder。
  There is something wrong with my watch。
  2) 当主语是一本书或一条格言时,谓语动词常用单数。
  The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English。
  是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书。
  3) 表示金钱,时间。距离。价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时,通常把这些名词看作一个整体,谓语一般用单数。(用复数也可,意思不变。)
  Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations。
  Ten yuan is enough。
  5 指代意义决定谓语的单复数
  1) 在代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。
  All is right。 (一切顺利。)
  All are present。 (所有人都到齐了。)
  2) 集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family,team,group,club,public, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后用复数形式时,意为这个集体中的各个成员,用单数时表示该个集体。
  His family isn't very large。 他家不是一个大家庭。
  His family are music lovers。 他的家人都是音乐爱好者。
  但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry(家禽)。militia(民兵)。vermin(害虫)等在任何情况下都用复数形式。
  Are there any police around
  3)有些名词,如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数,有时看作复数。
  A number of +名词复数+复数动词。
  The number of +名词单数+单数动词。
  A number of books have lent out。
  The majority of the students like English。
  6 与后接名词或代词保持一致
  1) 用half of, part of, most of, a portion of 等词引起主语时,动词通常与of后面的名词,代词保持一致。
  Most of his money is spent on books。
  Most of the students are taking an active part in sports。
  2) 在一些短语,如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的词作主语时,谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more than… of 作主语时,动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。
  Many a person has read the novel。 许多人都读过这本书。
  More than 60 percent of the students are from the city。百分之六十多的学生都来自这个城市。
  7 the+形容词/国籍形容词。表示一类人/一国人,作主语,谓语动词用复数。
  8 the+姓氏的复数,表示一家人或两夫妇,作主语时,谓语动词用复数,
  9 四则运算时,谓语动词用单数。
  10 表示,(时间,距离,重量,金额,书名)的复数名词作主语时,通常当做整体看待,谓语动词用单数。
编辑本段
"表里不一"现象
  主谓一致中的"表里不一"现象
  和主语必须在人称和数上保持一致,最基本的原则是:单数主语用单数动词,复数主语用复数动词。但在实际使用当中情况比较复杂,现在学生常犯的主谓一致错误归纳整理如下
  1,"more than one +名词"作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。例如:
  More than one teacher gets the flowers。 不止一个教师得到了花。
  2, "many a +名词"作主语时,从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词常用单数。例如:
  Many a student has been sent to plant trees。 很多学生被派去植树。
  3,"half of, the rest of, most of, all of及百分数或分数+of 等后接名词"作主语时,谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定。例如:
  Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water。地球表面四分之三为水所覆盖。
  4,all指人时,动词用复数;all指物时,动词用单数。例如:
  "All are present and all is going well。" 所有人全部到场了,一切进展顺利
  5,what引导的主语从句,谓语动词可视表语而定:表语是单数名词时,动词用单数,相反,则用复数。例如:
  What they want to get are a number of good books。他们想得到的是大量的好书。
  6,and连接的两个单数名词前若用each,every,no修饰,该名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如:
  No book and no pen is found in the schoolbag。书包里没有书和钢笔。
  7,当主语后面有as well as, with, along with, together with, but, like, rather than, except,逗号加and连接几个名字等引导的短语时,谓语动词要与最前面的主语保持一致。例如:
  My father as well as his workmates has been to Beijing。 我父亲和他的同事曾去过北京。
  8,each作主语的同位语时, 谓语动词由主语来决定,与each无关。例如:
  They each have a bike。 他们每人有一辆自行车。
  9,动词不定式,动词-ing形式短语作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。例如:
  Going out for a walk after supper is a good habit。晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯。
  10,the following作主语时,谓语动词的数与后面名词的数保持一致。例如:
  The following are good examples下面是一些好例子。
  11,以-ics结尾的学科名词,如politics,physics,mathematics等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。以-s结尾的名词news, works, plastics等同属此类。例如:
  Politics is now taught in all schools。 现在各学校都开设政治课。
  当以-ics结尾的学科名词表示"学科"以外的意义时,用作复数,如:mathematics(运算能力)politics(政治观点)economics(经济意义)等
  12,有些用来表示由两个对应部分组成一体的名词复数(trousers, glasses,shoes。shorts。scissors。scales等)作主语时,前面若有"一条","一副","一把"之类的单位词,动词用单数;若没有单位词或单位词是复数,则谓语动词用复数。例如:
  The shoes are all right。 这些鞋子都很合适。
  还有一些以-s结尾的名词通常用复数:arms(武器)。clothes。contents。minites(记录)。remains(遗体)。thanks等
  13,"one and a half +名词"作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。例如:
  One and a half apples are left on the table。 桌子上有一个半苹果。
  14,"One or two more +复数名词"作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如:
  One or two persons are sent there to help them do the work。 要派一两个人到那儿去给他们帮忙。
  15,"one of+复数名词+ 定语从句"结构中,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数;而在"the only one of +复数名词+定语从句"的结构中,定语从句的谓语动词要用单数。例如:
  He is one of the students who get there on time。他是准时到达那里的学生之一。
  16,表示时间,距离,金钱等的复数名词作主语表达一个整体概念时,谓语动词常用单数,但若强调数量,谓语动词可用复数。例如:
  One million dollars is a lot of money。 一百万美元是一大笔钱。

最新回答共有2条回答

  • 优雅的荔枝
    回复
    2026-04-06 18:53:47

    1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数  Reading and writing are very important。  注意: 当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词,共用一个冠词用单数,表示一人兼两职。  The iron and steel industry is very important to our life。  The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting。  A。 is B。 was C。 are D。 were  答案B。 注: 先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时,先排除A。,C。。本题易误选D,因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人,但仔细辨别, monitor 前没有the,在英语中,当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人,所以应选B。  2 主谓一致中的就近原则  当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。  There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk。。  There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class。  总的来说,在由not only…but also…, not just…but…, or, either…or…, neither…nor…连接主语的句子中及在there be句型中,谓语动词的单复数按就近原则处理,即按与谓语动词最靠近的那个主语来确定谓语动词的单复数形式。如:  Not only John but also I am going to Shanghai next week。   Either you or she is to go。  Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you。  3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致  当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语一致。  The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory。  He as well as I wants to go boating。  4 谓语需用单数  1) 代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语,或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数。  Each of us has a tape-recorder。  There is something wrong with my watch。  2) 当主语是一本书或一条格言时,谓语动词常用单数。  The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English。  是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书。  3) 表示金钱,时间。距离。价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时,通常把这些名词看作一个整体,谓语一般用单数。(用复数也可,意思不变。)  Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations。  Ten yuan is enough。  5 指代意义决定谓语的单复数  1) 在代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。  All is right。 (一切顺利。)  All are present。 (所有人都到齐了。)  2) 集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family,team,group,club,public, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后用复数形式时,意为这个集体中的各个成员,用单数时表示该个集体。  His family isn't very large。 他家不是一个大家庭。  His family are music lovers。 他的家人都是音乐爱好者。  但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry(家禽)。militia(民兵)。vermin(害虫)等在任何情况下都用复数形式。  Are there any police around  3)有些名词,如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数,有时看作复数。  A number of +名词复数+复数动词。  The number of +名词单数+单数动词。  A number of books have lent out。  The majority of the students like English。  6 与后接名词或代词保持一致  1) 用half of, part of, most of, a portion of 等词引起主语时,动词通常与of后面的名词,代词保持一致。  Most of his money is spent on books。  Most of the students are taking an active part in sports。  2) 在一些短语,如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的词作主语时,谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more than… of 作主语时,动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。  Many a person has read the novel。 许多人都读过这本书。  More than 60 percent of the students are from the city。百分之六十多的学生都来自这个城市。  7 the+形容词/国籍形容词。表示一类人/一国人,作主语,谓语动词用复数。  8 the+姓氏的复数,表示一家人或两夫妇,作主语时,谓语动词用复数,  9 四则运算时,谓语动词用单数。  10 表示,(时间,距离,重量,金额,书名)的复数名词作主语时,通常当做整体看待,谓语动词用单数。编辑本段"表里不一"现象  主谓一致中的"表里不一"现象  和主语必须在人称和数上保持一致,最基本的原则是:单数主语用单数动词,复数主语用复数动词。但在实际使用当中情况比较复杂,现在学生常犯的主谓一致错误归纳整理如下  1,"more than one +名词"作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。例如:  More than one teacher gets the flowers。 不止一个教师得到了花。  2, "many a +名词"作主语时,从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词常用单数。例如:  Many a student has been sent to plant trees。 很多学生被派去植树。  3,"half of, the rest of, most of, all of及百分数或分数+of 等后接名词"作主语时,谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定。例如:  Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water。地球表面四分之三为水所覆盖。  4,all指人时,动词用复数;all指物时,动词用单数。例如:  "All are present and all is going well。" 所有人全部到场了,一切进展顺利  5,what引导的主语从句,谓语动词可视表语而定:表语是单数名词时,动词用单数,相反,则用复数。例如:  What they want to get are a number of good books。他们想得到的是大量的好书。  6,and连接的两个单数名词前若用each,every,no修饰,该名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如:  No book and no pen is found in the schoolbag。书包里没有书和钢笔。  7,当主语后面有as well as, with, along with, together with, but, like, rather than, except,逗号加and连接几个名字等引导的短语时,谓语动词要与最前面的主语保持一致。例如:  My father as well as his workmates has been to Beijing。 我父亲和他的同事曾去过北京。  8,each作主语的同位语时, 谓语动词由主语来决定,与each无关。例如:  They each have a bike。 他们每人有一辆自行车。  9,动词不定式,动词-ing形式短语作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。例如:  Going out for a walk after supper is a good habit。晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯。  10,the following作主语时,谓语动词的数与后面名词的数保持一致。例如:  The following are good examples下面是一些好例子。  11,以-ics结尾的学科名词,如politics,physics,mathematics等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。以-s结尾的名词news, works, plastics等同属此类。例如:  Politics is now taught in all schools。 现在各学校都开设政治课。  当以-ics结尾的学科名词表示"学科"以外的意义时,用作复数,如:mathematics(运算能力)politics(政治观点)economics(经济意义)等  12,有些用来表示由两个对应部分组成一体的名词复数(trousers, glasses,shoes。shorts。scissors。scales等)作主语时,前面若有"一条","一副","一把"之类的单位词,动词用单数;若没有单位词或单位词是复数,则谓语动词用复数。例如:  The shoes are all right。 这些鞋子都很合适。  还有一些以-s结尾的名词通常用复数:arms(武器)。clothes。contents。minites(记录)。remains(遗体)。thanks等  13,"one and a half +名词"作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。例如:  One and a half apples are left on the table。 桌子上有一个半苹果。  14,"One or two more +复数名词"作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如:  One or two persons are sent there to help them do the work。 要派一两个人到那儿去给他们帮忙。  15,"one of+复数名词+ 定语从句"结构中,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数;而在"the only one of +复数名词+定语从句"的结构中,定语从句的谓语动词要用单数。例如:  He is one of the students who get there on time。他是准时到达那里的学生之一。  16,表示时间,距离,金钱等的复数名词作主语表达一个整体概念时,谓语动词常用单数,但若强调数量,谓语动词可用复数。例如:  One million dollars is a lot of money。 一百万美元是一大笔钱。

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