请问下面的现在分词做什么成分,还有作用是什么,急,谢谢

请问下面的现在分词做什么成分,还有作用是什么,急,谢谢例如：being a mean man,he never spent more than he had to.现在分词做状语,表示原因.1.life must be very unpleasant for people living near busy airports.2.climbing a tree,lee was able to see his house.3.a few days later, i received a letter offeing me the job.4.arriving early for his meeting,tom spent sometime ...5.taking the wrong bus,jane found herself in a downtown.6.hen i enter the house,it was empty except for a young man sitting by the windows reading a book.7.he never went out in daylight,fearing the police...8. she went out,slamming the door.9.the doctor,not wishing to alarm her ,didn't tell her how serious her condition was.