◆◇、不急°

解题思路： 如下解题过程： 一、不定式的基本形式: to＋动词原形,有时可以省略to。 二、 动词不定式的特点: （1）没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语。 （2）动词不定式仍保留动词的特点,可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式同它的宾语或状语可构成动词不定式短语。如: to read a book; to sing at the party。 （3）动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此,在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。 三、动词不定式作宾语。即不定式直接跟在谓语动词后,是谓语动词涉及的直接对象。如果没有这个不定式,这个句子的意思就让人难以理解。 能直接带不定式作宾语的及物动词主要有: want, like , love , need , try , ask , learn , begin , start , forget , remember, hope , wish , agree, choose , fail , refuse , decide , afford , offer , make sure , take turns , would like , plan , hate , try one’s best 等。 四、动词不定式作宾语补足语。 能用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有: ask , tell , get , order , would like , want , teach , show , allow , encourage , warn , wish , invite ,help等。 五、动词不定式作状语: 即不定式直接跟在谓语动词后,仅对谓语动词起一个补充说明的作用。如果没有它,句子仍然意思完整,它不象作宾语那样,与谓语动词有着密切的关系。（1）表示目的: The doctor came to operate on her。 （2）表示结果: The girl cried only to make her mother angry。 （3）表示程度: She is too tired to walk any farther。 （4）表示原因: I was surprised to read the news。 能带不定式作状语的形容词有: glad , happy , pleased , angry , clever , careful , surprised , lucky ,ready ,sorry, amazed , afraid ,sad , ,kind, nice , worried , easy 六、不定式作定语: 动词不定式作定语,一般要放在被修饰词的后面,不定式与所修饰的词构成动宾关系。 We have lots of work to do。 Would you like something to drink? I want to get something to read during my holiday。 That’s a difficult question to answer。 【注意】如果动词不定式是不及物动词,后面就应有必要的介词。 如: He is looking for a room to live in。 Give me a piece of paper to write on。 He has nothing to worry about。 There is not enough space to stand in on the earth。。 She is a nice person to work with。 a place to go to。 七、动词不定式作主语: 如 To learn a foreign language is not easy。 在现代英语中,常用it来作形式主语,而把真正的动词不定式主语放在后面。即句型: “It is＋形容词＋for （ of） sb。 to do sth。”中，当形容词是kind ，nice ， good ， clever ， careful ， careless , right , wrong , foolish 等表示人的性格特征时, 用of ; 如果形容词为difficult , easy , hard, important ,interesting, possible ,necessary 等表示事物的特征时, 用for。 It is necessary / important / easy / hard/ possible for us to learn English well。 It is very kind /nice / good of you to help me with my English。 ※ 在句型: 主语＋find / think / feel / make +it +形容词+ to do sth。中,it为形式宾语。 I found it very important to learn English well。 I think it easy to learn English well。 八、作表语: My job is to teach English。 His wish is to become a scientist。 九、动词不定式和疑问词连用。动词不定式可以和疑问词what, which , how , when , where ,who 等连用,构成不定式短语,在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。这时往往可以扩写成宾语从句; The question is how to use the computer。 I don’t know where to go for my holiday =I don’t know where I can go for my holiday。 He can’t decide which book to choose。= He can’t decide which book he can choose。 I don’t know what I should do next=I don’t know what to do next。 十、动词不定式的否定形式: not to＋动词原形 Tell him not to be late。 I will try not to read in bed。 十一、动词不定式省略to的场合:（1）作动词let, make , have, feel ,hear, see , watch , notice 等的宾语补足语时,动词不定式不带to。 Let him do the work。 He made me work day and night。 I saw him fall off the bike。 （2）作动词help的宾语补足语时,动词不定式可带to,也可不带to。 He didn’t help me（to）mend the bike。 You have helped ( to ) protect our environment。 （3）在why not…? , had better , would rather 等的后面也跟不带to的动词不定式。（原形） Why not buy a dictionary? You had better （not）stay at home。 I would rather go early。 如对本题解答还有疑问，可在“添加讨论”中留言，我收到后会尽快给你答复。谢谢你的配合！匆忙中难免有疏漏，请多包涵哦。我是雪落无声老师，随时为你答疑解惑! 祝你在新的学期取得优异的成绩！最终答案：略