英语翻译2 Emissions,Deposition and ContaminationHarjavalta (61°1

英语翻译2 Emissions,Deposition and ContaminationHarjavalta (61°19′N,22°9′E) is part of the southern boreal coniferous zone.Harjavalta is situated on an esker that runs to the SE of the Cu-Ni smelter.The forest on the esker consists mainly of Scots pine,Pinus sylvestris L.,and is situated on dryish,relatively nutrient-poor sites (Malkonen et al.1999).According to the Finn-ish forest site type classifi cation (Cajander 1949),the forest along the esker varies from Vaccinium to Calluna type (Derome and Lindroos 1998b).According to Malkonen et al.(1999) the soil is comprised of sorted glaciofl uvial sediments and the texture of the mineral soil is classed as sorted fi ne or fi ne/coarse sand with no stones.The soil type is ferric podzol,with an E horizon ranging between 6 to 15 cm,a Bshorizon 26 to 39 cm,and an organic mor layer 1 to 3 cm,in thickness.Southerly winds prevail in the area and there-fore the shape of the pollution fi eld is an ellipse in the direction of the river valley from SE toNW (Laaksovirta and Silvola 1975,Hynninen and Lodenius 1986,Hynninen 1986) (Fig.1).However,the pollution gradient which has often been examined in the studies runs to the SE of the Cu-Ni smelter.Table 1.Annual emissions from Harjavalta smelter.(Data from Outokumpu Harjavalta Metals Ltd).Year Dust Cu Ni Zn Pb As1984 1100 98 47 216 551985 1100 98 47 216 551986 1200 126 46 232 601987 1800 140 96 162 941988 1000 104 45 103 481989 1000 80 33 190 701990 960 80 31 160 801991 640 80 14 90 451992 280 60 10 12 91993 250 50 7 13 6 111994 190 40 6 6 3 51995 70 17 1.4 1.7 0.5 0.21996 195 49 1.2 5.3 1.9 4.21997 360 70 3 14 4 101998 132 23 1.7 6.1 2.4 101999 48 6 0.8 4.2 1.0 1.8