英语翻译姓氏主要来自四个方面：　　一是从土地和赐姓而来,天子就是赐姓名氏的人.　　二是以出生地为姓.　　三是以封爵、官职

Surnames come from four aspects:One is from the land and the emperor,who gave you the name。The second one is based on the birthplace。The third one comes when people were knighted and given the official position。And there are also someother reasons。