何谓自由权 我国现行宪法中哪些基本权利属于自由权

四大自由:言论,崇拜上帝,不虞匮乏,免除恐惧--------------------------------------------------------------------------------在一九四一年一月六日致国会的咨文中,富兰克林。罗斯福总统要求国会根据租借法案,把必要的武器装备提供给那些总统认为其防御对美国利益至关重要的国家。由于战争逼近,他宣布了四项「人类的基本自由」这项宣布,被认为是关于美国人民准备为之奋斗的原则的最简要声明。在我们力求安定的未来的岁月里,我们期待一个建立在四项人类基本自由之上的世界。第一是在全世界任何地方发表言论和表达意见的自由。第二是在全世界任何地方,人人有以自己的方式来崇拜上帝的自由。第三是不虞匮乏的自由--这种自由,就世界范围来讲,就是一种经济上的融洽关系,它将保证全世界每一个国家的居民都过健全的,和平时期的生活。第四是免除恐惧的自由--这种自由,就世界范围来讲,就是世界性的裁减军备,要以一种彻底的方法把它裁减到这样的程度:务使世界上没有一个国家有能力向全世界任何地区的任何邻国进行武力侵略。In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms。The first is freedom of speech and expression -- everywhere in the world。The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way -- everywhere in the world。The third is freedom from want, which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants -- everywhere in the world。The fourth is freedom from fear, which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor -- anywhere in the world。