未来的城市作文400三分之二就行

Where will we live in the future?鑻卞浗鍗?姤鍏充簬鏈?潵鍩庡競鐨勪笓棰樻姤閬?甯屾湜鑳藉府鍒颁綘The return of high-rise living,homes built as part of working film sets,new public open spaces in reclaimed retail malls and a dramatic re-evaluation of the relative merits of slums and suburbia。These are just some of the challenging concepts now being canvassed among those developing new ideas about the future of our urban landscape。It is a landscape where designers and planners take the advantages of modern technology as a given,where a city's "smartness" is expected and where sustainability is built into the system,leaving only one big question:what will our future look like?And it is not,according to most thinkers,a science fiction fantasy where everyone behaves like robots in eco-friendly but featureless buildings,despite the move towards these developments。For some,it is a world where the latest technology,such as energy monitoring "smart meters",is introduced in venerable urban buildings,sustainably reused,thus combining the best of old and new。"People want good quality of space 鈥 high ceilings,big windows,interesting architecture。I'm not a great fan of building over-insulated homes on eco-suburbs on greenfield sites,miles from anywhere,'' said Tom Bloxham,of developers Urban Splash,who specialise in elegant urban conversions and regeneration projects in cities such as Manchester and Birmingham。"Sustainability is as much about re-using old buildings and working on brownfield sites。"However,this regeneration of some inner cities 鈥 which has involved innovative greening,such as the pop-up roof garden at the Southbank Centre and the idea of growing food in parks,on rooftops and in other urban spaces 鈥 has helped develop a new pastoral type of "suburbanised city centre" argues Sam Jacob,co-founder of cutting-edge design and architecture consultancy FAT (Fashion,Architecture,Taste)。"It is important to realise that parts of some former decaying city centres are becoming more 'suburban' in ambience 鈥 with chic shops and farmers markets。We used to associate inner city areas with a clashing of cultures,but maybe in the future the outer suburbs will become relatively more challenging places to live compared to the more affluent centres。''Paul Jones,a sociologist at Liverpool University,whose book The Sociology of Architecture was published this year,argues for a re-think of the form and function of cities and believes their future will be about the public reclaiming private spaces:"Modernist architecture dehumanised spaces by organising cities around cars。We need to reclaim city spaces on a human scale。''But it is not only the architects and planners of the past:"Today,shopping is seen as a leisure activity and shopping centres feel like public spaces。But they are actually private。And so maybe,with the collapse of the economic system,which promoted consumerism they will become less essential and will become spaces for true public use。''Whether it is in eco-developments,converted buildings or former shopping centres,the homes of the future may be radically different to what has gone before。Some people might even find themselves living on a film set 鈥 at Pinewood Studios,in west London plans have been lodged to create 1,400 homes with facades from some of the worlds great cities,including Amsterdam,Prague and New York,giving a whole new meaning to the phrase "dual purpose" and which simultaneously reduces the studio's carbon footprint and provides affordable,interesting living spaces。Even the high-rise building,once the town planner's solution to urban overcrowding,then the source of many inner city ills,may be due for a renaissance。In Croydon,plans to build Britain's tallest residential building,at 53 storeys,have already been approved and Professor Colin Fournier,of the Bartlett School of Architecture at University College,London,believes the value of high-rise should be re-assessed in a future where the expansive,car-dominated suburban developments of the postwar era are endangered by a more low-carbon world。Fournier believes the potential of tall buildings,such as those built against hillsides in Hong Kong,where access is not simply at ground level,represents a three dimensional approach that has yet to be fully explored,despite the fact that architects have been discussing the potential for many years。"We need to look at how high-density environments are created,where there might be access on the 42nd or the 100th floor。Three-dimensional,spatial urbanism hasn't really taken off yet,but it is something that is bound to happen。''Although he points out that some architects argue that vertical living is more cost efficient and sustainable,it does involve greater spending on energy and materials。"It's a very challenging point,but the overall balance remains unclear and needs to be very carefully looked at。''But would any new high rises be built,as happened in Britain in the past,to accommodate those moved by slum and inner city clearances?Not necessarily。Some believe the new vast slums in the developing world,created by urbanisation,should be renovated and revived 鈥 in perhaps the same way that Urban Splash renovates the post-industrial buildings of Britain 鈥 since they provide both homes and a workforce for the cities。Cameron Sinclair,who founded the San Francisco-based organisation Architecture for Humanity,which promotes architecture and design to help improve living conditions in the developing world and in disaster relief situations,believes slums to be "good parasites" that help cities function and should not be simply swept away in favour of new homes on greenfield sites that lack community resources。''Slums are incredibly resilient,incredibly tight-knit and have considerable community and adaptive strengths as part of the dynamic of cities。''Such places hold important lessons for Western urban planning,he suggests,with a lack of affordable housing in the centres of cities such as London,to house the workforce。Sinclair,born in London,argues that commuter suburbs lack a sense of "village" and was not surprised that some of recent rioting took place in areas like Croydon:"We fear suburbs,but we still plan for them。''