动名词可以当定语?请举例.且其与分词作定语有何区别?

V-ing的用法-----动名词和现在分词的区别V-ing在英语中可看作是动名词和现在分词。一。V-ing做动名词具有名词的特征,在句中作主语,表语,宾语,定语。有时可有自己的逻辑主语。例子:Seeing(主语) is believing。(表语)★Would you mind opening the window?(宾语)★The reading room is bright and large。(定语,表用途/作用)二。V-ing作现在分词。具有形容词的特征,在句中当定语,表语,宾补,主补,状语。例子:The rising sun looks very beautiful。(定语,表动作正在进行)★The boy talking with the teacher is our monitor。(分词短语当定语则在所修饰名词的后面当后置定语。)= The boy who is talking with the teacher is our monitor。★The music is exciting。(表语,表主语的性质,特征可用Very,so,such等修饰)★When I came in,I found many students sleeping。(宾语补足语)注意:find/see/hear/watch/observe/notice + sb + doing (强调动作正在进行)+ do (强调整个过程)catch/keep/leave +sb +doing ★使役动词:have/make sb doing ------ we tried our best,but still couldn’t have the machine running。(强调启动,进入工作状态。在此,现在分词强调进行的状态或持续状态。)have/make/let sb do----------Mother always let the children wash their hands before having meal。(强调与children的关系为主动关系。即children 是wash的执行者)have/make/ let sth done-------My bike is broken,I want to have it repaired。(强调与it 的关系为被动关系。即bike是repair的承受者)get sb doing------we tried our best,but still couldn’t get the machine running。(强调启动,进入工作状态。在此,现在分词强调进行的状态或持续状态。)get sb to do----- Who can get this sick horse to eat?(to do 强调还没发生,或强调整个过程,其跟前面的名词的关系为主动关系。)get sth done------ My bike is broken,I want to get it repaired。(于前面have/make/let sth done一样的用法)辨析:一。动名词与现在分词当定语时的辨析:★动名词:说明它所修饰的名词的作用和用途。★现在分词:表示它所修饰的名词正在进行的动作,与所修饰的词有逻辑上的主谓关系,相当于一个定语从句。例如:There is a swimming pool in our school。(动名词,表用途,作用)= There is a pool for swimming in our school。★I found a sleeping baby on the bed。(现在分词,表正在进行的动作)= I found a baby who is sleeping on the bed。★The boy standing there is my classmate。(现在分词,表正在进行的动作。)= The boy who is standing there is my classmate。二。动名词与现在分词当表语时的辨析:★动名词:表主语的内容,相当于一个名词,不能用very,so,quite等修饰。★现在分词:表主语的特征或性质。相当于一个形容词,可用very,so quite,such等修饰。例如:Seeing is believing。(动名词)★This book is very interesting。(现在分词)三。现在分词当表语时于进行时的区别:★现在分词:主语具备的性质,描述的是一种状态。★进行时:强调动作正在发生,侧重对动作的描述。例如:The book is very interesting。(现在分词,表示书的性质是一本有趣的书。)★We are having English class。(进行时,表动作正在进行。)