关于尼罗河的英文简介带翻译

Nile 尼罗河,流经非洲东部与北部,是世界上最长的河流,长6695公里,与中非地区的刚果河并列非洲最大的两个河流系统。在苏丹首都喀土穆,来自乌干达高山上维多利亚湖的白尼罗河和来自埃塞俄比亚的青尼罗河相汇,形成尼罗河。尼罗河从苏丹首都向北穿过苏丹和埃及,注入地中海。几千年来,尼罗河每年6~10月定期泛滥。8月份河水上涨最高时,淹没了河岸堤坝两旁的大片田野,这时人们纷纷迁往高处暂住。十月以后,洪水消退,原来田野的土层上积上一层厚厚的淤泥。在这些肥沃的土壤上,人们栽培了棉花 小麦 水稻 椰枣等农作物。尼罗河哺育着沿河的居民,沙漠地区形成了一道“绿色走廊”。古埃及人在这里创造出高度的文明。现在,埃及90%以上的人口分布在尼罗沿岸平原和三角洲地区。有人说：“埃及是尼罗河的赠礼。”首都开罗在尼罗河三角洲的顶端,人口1500万（1998年）,是阿拉伯国家中人口最多的城市。亚历山大港是埃及在地中海边的重要港口,也是非洲最大的港口。20世纪70年代,埃及在阿斯旺兴建了一座110米的阿斯旺水坝,坝上出现了一个巨大的水库——纳赛尔水库,得到发电、防洪、灌溉、养鱼、航运、旅游等利益。大坝的建成虽然防止了下游的洪水泛滥,但是尼罗河携带至下游和入海的泥沙大大减少,尼罗河三角洲的海岸线受海浪侵蚀不断向后退缩。埃及政府已采取措施,防止三角洲被地中海吞没。长期以来,尼罗河的长度估计为6,695公里,发源自维多利亚湖,但2006年4月2日,一个由英国及纽西兰人所组成探险队宣布,他们从维多利亚湖再向上溯源,最后发现一个位於乌干达的源头,长度约增加100多公里。The Nile is a major north-flowing river in Africa,generally regarded as the longest river in the world—though not the most voluminous—on Earth。[1] The Nile has two major tributaries,the White Nile and Blue Nile,the latter being the source of most of the Nile's water and fertile soil,but the former being the longer of the two。The White Nile rises in the Great Lakes region of central Africa,with the most distant source in southern Rwanda 2°16′55。92〃S,29°19′52。32〃E,and flows north from there through Tanzania,Lake Victoria,Uganda and southern Sudan,while the Blue Nile starts at Lake Tana in Ethiopia,flowing into Sudan from the southeast。The two rivers meet near the Sudanese capital Khartoum。The northern section of the river flows almost entirely through desert,from Sudan into Egypt,a country whose civilization has depended on the river since ancient times。Most of the population of Egypt and all of its cities,with the exception of those near the coast,lie along those parts of the Nile valley north of Aswan; and nearly all the cultural and historical sites of Ancient Egypt are found along the banks of the river。