限制定语从句语法问题急求关于限制性定语从句的一些语法问题

一、关系代词1。that既可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语也可以省略。[eg：this is the book （which）you want。]而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置 2。which作宾语时,根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系,先行词与which之间的介词不能丢3。代表物时多用which,但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which,这些词包括当先行词是anything,everything,nothing ,none等不定代词时,或者是由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修饰时等,这时的that常被省略 还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时。以及先行词中既有人又有物时。还有句中前面有which时,都只能用that4。who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语 二、关系副词关系副词=介词+关系代词why=for whichwhere=in whichwhen=during whichwhose=of which1。where是关系副词,用来表示地点的定语从句 2。when引导定语从句表示时间〔注〕值得一提的是,表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导,有时不用任何关系代词,当然也不用that引导 By the time you arrive in London,we will have stayed there for two weeks。I still remember the first time I met her。Each time he goes to business trip,he brings a lot of living necessities,such as towels,soap,toothbrush etc。3。whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格。它引导的从句可以修饰人和物,当它引导的从句修饰物体时,可以与 of which 调换,表达的意思一样。4。当从句的逻辑主语是some,any,no,somebody,anybody,nobody,something,anything,everything或nothing时,常用there is来引导There is somebody here who wants to speak to you。这里有人要和你说话。