题文
Preface to the fourth editionA practical English Grammar is intended for intermediate(中级的) and post-intermediate students. We hope that more advanced learners and teachers will also find it useful.
The book is a comprehensive survey of structures and forms, written in clear modern English and illustrated with numerous examples. Areas of particular difficulty have been given special attention. Differences between conversational usage and strict grammatical forms are shown but the emphasis is on conversational forms.
1. Explanation and examples have been brought up to date.
2. There is now more information on countable and uncountable nouns, attributive and predicative adjectives, adverbs of places, sentence adverbs, cleft sentences, prepositions, conjunctives, modal verbs, perfect tenses, infinitive constructions, the passive, purpose clauses and nouns.
In the fourth edition the main changes are as follows.
3. Some material has been rearranged to make comparisons easier. For example, parts of chapters on can, may, must etc. are now grouped by functions; verbs of liking and preference have a chapter to themselves; suggestions and invitations have joined the chapter on commands, requests and advice.
4. The contents list now summaries every edition heading, and there is a new index containing many more entries references.
In this edition the sign “～” is frequently used to show a change of speaker in examples of dialogue. Note also that although the sign “＝”sometimes connects two words or expressions with the same meaning, it is often used more freely, e.g. to indicate a transformation from active to passive or direct to indirect speech.
We wish to thank all at Oxford University Press who have assisted in the preparation of the fourth edition. We would also like to thank Professor Egawa of Nihon University, Japan, Professor Rene Dirven of Duisburg University, West Germany and other colleagues for their friendly and helpful suggestions.
London, November 1985 A.J.T., A.VM
小题1:The grammar book mentioned in this passage is not suitable for __________.A．a middle school teacherB．a college studentC．a senior high studentD．a primary school student小题2:According to the passage, we know that this grammar book ___________.A．compares modern English with old EnglishB．gives a large number of examples to reduce difficultyC．attaches more importance to conversational formsD．pays little attention to strict grammatical forms小题3:Which of the following statements about the changes is TRUE?A．This book keeps up with the latest usages of the American English language.B．This edition offers more information about pronouns.C．One particular chapter discusses verbs like “care, like, love, hate, prefer, wish”.D．It’s not easy for us to find the information we need in this book.小题4:When you see this line in the book, “Did you get a ticket? ～Yes, I managed to get one”, we can understand that _______.A．the two parts before and after the sign “～”mean the same.B．the topic is changed in the part after the sign “～”.C．the second speaker repeats what the first speaker says.D．the two parts before and after “～”are said by two different people. 题型：未知难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:D
小题2:C
小题3:C
小题4:D
解析
本文是一本实用英语语法书的第四版的序言。介绍了该书的适用对象、特点和内容变化。对于编写本书给与帮助的出版社和各位同仁表达谢意。
小题1:细节理解题。根据第一段的意思（一本实用英语语法书适用于中级和中级以上的学生。我们希望更多高级的学习者和教师会觉得它有用。）判断小学生不合适。故选D。
小题2:细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句话的意思（展示的是对话形式和严格的语法形式的差异，但是重点在对话形式。）判断选C。
小题3:细节理解题。根据3的内容（一些材料被重新安排是对比更容易。如情态动词的章节归类到功能类内；表示喜欢和偏好的动词有独立的章节；建议邀请章节放入请求、命令和建议章节内。）判断，选C。其他选项是对文章的片面理解。
小题4:推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句话：In this edition the sign “～” is frequently used to show a change of speaker in examples of dialogue.（在这一版本中，“～”经常被用于表明在对话举例中说话人的变化。）判断选D。
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“Preface to the fourt.....”主要考查你对 [广告布告类阅读 ]考点的理解。广告布告类阅读
广告类阅读:1、品味广告的标题，联系平时所积累的知识，为了解材料大意作铺垫。
2、要特别留意广告中包含的数字、联系人、地址等。
3、要注意文中以黑体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是材料的核心或
至少是一部分内容的概括。
广告布告类阅读特点及解题技巧：
一、广告布告类阅读试题的文体特点：
此类文章不同于其他文体的文章，其目的是为了向读者传输信息，措辞简洁明了，直截了当，一般说来，广告布告类阅读试题具有以下特点：
1、选材特点：
信息量大，文句精炼，形式灵活，用最少的篇幅表达最大量的信息。
2、内容特点：
生活化，实用化，多样化，如产品宣传、服务介绍、通知、海报、启示、招生招聘等。
3、形式特点：
标题醒目，重点突出，条理清晰，常用粗体字或各类项目符号使文章结构更鲜明。
4、语言特点：
人名、地名、专有名词多；生词多；缩略词、祈使句、省略句多；结构不完整。
5、命题特点：
主要考察考生提取信息和处理信息的能力，既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，又注重推理判断题的考查，题目设置相对较容易。
二、解题技巧点拨：
阅读这类文章时，也应该在整体把握文章结构的前提下，主要注意细节信息。细节题题干都是相应原文的变形(如同义改写、词性转换等)，因此要找到答案一定要找到题干在原文中的出处，再把原文和选项相比较。做题时，根据所提问题用寻读、跳读的方法可达到事半功倍的效果。同时，在阅读时也要特别注意文中以粗体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是文章的核心或某一部分内容的概括。具体答题策略如下：
1、先题后文：
先读试题，了解考点；明确目的，快速捕捉，获取信息。
2、题干定向：
根据题干关键词到文中定位答案范围，按照题目顺序依次而下：问题与材料相同：对号入座；问题与原文相同：同义替换、归纳事实等。
3、生词模糊：
遇到生词；如无关答题，直接跳过；涉及答题，则根据语境、构词法等猜词。
4、信息补全：
对于影响理解的省略句，可根据语境，将其补全。
