题文
Whether we’re 2 years old or 62, our reasons for lying are mostly the same: to get out of trouble, for personal gain and to make ourselves look better in the eyes of others. But a growing body of research is raising questions about how a child’s lie is different from an adult’s lie, and how the way we deceive changes as we grow.“Parents and teachers who catch their children lying should not be alarmed. Their children are not going to turn out to be abnormal liars,” says Dr. Lee, a professor at the University of Toronto and director of the Institute of Child Study. He has spent the last 15 years studying how lying changes as kids get older, why some people lie more than others as well as which factors can reduce lying. The fact that children tell lies is a sign that they have reached a new developmental stage. Dr. Lee conducted a series of studies in which they bring children into a lab with hidden cameras. Children and young adults aged 2 to 17 are likely to lie while being told not to look at a toy, which is put behind the child’s back. Whether or not the child takes a secret look is caught on tape.
For young kids, the desire to cheat is big and 90% take a secret look in these experiments. When the test-giver returns to the room, the child is asked if he or she looked secretly. At age 2, about a quarter of children will lie and say they didn’t. By 3, half of kids will lie, and by 4, that figure is 90%, studies show.
Researchers have found that it’s kids with better understanding abilities who lie more. That’s because to lie you also have to keep the truth in mind, which includes many brain processes, such as combining several sources of information and faking that information. The ability to lie — and lie successfully — is thought to be related to development of brain regions that allow so called “executive functioning”, or higher order thinking and reasoning abilities. Kids who perform better on tests that involve executive functioning also lie more.
小题1:What’s the purpose of children telling lies?A．To help their friends out.B．To get rid of trouble.C．To get attention from others. D．To create a popular image.小题2:The underlined word “deceive” in Paragraph 1 can be replaced by “ ”.A．tell liesB．handle troublesC．raise questions D．do research小题3:From the second paragraph we can know that .A．which factors can reduce lyingB．why some lie more than othersC．it is normal for kids to tell liesD．how lying changes as kids grow小题4:It can be inferred from the passage that .A．children’s lies are the same as adults’B．the better kids are, the more they lie C．the older kids are, the more they lieD．kids always keep the truth in their mind小题5:What is NOT included in the passage?A．The reasons why kids tell lies.B．Which kind of kids tells more lies.C．Experiments about lying of young kids. D．What to do with lying children. 题型：未知难度：其他题型
答案
小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:C
小题5:D
解析
小题1:细节理解题。结合第一段our reasons for lying are mostly the same: to get out of trouble, for personal gain and to make ourselves look better in the eyes of others.我们撒谎的原因大都一样：为了摆脱麻烦、得到好处或者是为了让我们在别人眼里变得更好。可知答案。
小题2:词义理解题。结合整句话的含义：“不过越来越多的研究正在提出这样的疑问：孩子的谎言和大人们的谎言有何不同；随着年龄的增长，我们的撒谎行为会发生何种变化”可知deceive应是“说谎”的意思。
小题3:推理判断题。结合The fact that children tell lies is a sign that they have reached a new developmental stage。“孩子说谎标志着他们到达了一个新的发展阶段。”可知C项正确。
小题4:推理判断题。结合At age 2, about a quarter of children will lie and say they didn’t. By 3, half of kids will lie, and by 4, that figure is 90%, studies show（在两岁的孩子里，大约有四分之一的人会撒谎说他们没有看过。三岁的孩子有一半会说谎，而到了四岁，这个数字是90%。）可知C项正确。
小题5:细节理解题。文章主要讲述了孩子说谎的原因、那些孩子说谎多及关于孩子说谎的实验而D项文章没有提到。
考点
据考高分专家说，试题“Whether we’re 2 year.....”主要考查你对 [日常生活类阅读 ]考点的理解。日常生活类阅读
日常生活类阅读的概念：
日常生活这一话题主要涉及人们衣食住行等方面的活动。这一话题的选材主要针对人们日常的工作，生活以及学习情况。做这一类题时，最主要的是要把握好人物的活动内容，时间和地点。
日常生活类阅读题答题技巧：
【题型说明】
该类文章内容涉及到人们的言谈举止、生活习惯、饮食起居、服饰仪表、恋爱婚姻、消遣娱乐、节日起源、家庭生活等。文章篇幅短小，追根溯源，探索各项风俗的历史渊源，内容有趣。命题也以送分题为主，如事实细节题、语义转换题、词义猜测题和简单推理判断题等。虽然这类文章读起来感觉轻松，试题做起来比较顺手，但绝不能掉以轻心。因为稍不留神，就会丢分。
【备考提醒】
为了保证较高准确率，建议同学们做好以下几点：
1、保持正常的考试心态。笔者在教学中发现，越是容易的试题，同学们越是容易失分。为什么呢？因为在这种情况下，同学们极易产生麻痹思想，认为题目好做，就不引起高度重视，于是思维不发散、不周密。而命题人就是利用同学们的这一弱点，设计陷阱题。所以，无论试题难易与否，我们都要保持正常的考试心态。试题容易，不欣喜；试题难，不悲观。
2、根据前面讲到的方法，认认真真、细细心心做好事实细节题。
3、做好语义转换题。这类题是根据英语中一词多义和某些词语在文中能表达一定的修辞意义的原则而设计的。要求同学们解释某生词的含义，确定多义词或短语在文中的意思，确认文中的某个代词所指代的对象，或者对英语中特有的表达、格言、谚语进行解释。这种题要求同学们一定要根据上下文猜测词义或理解句子，切不可望文生义。
4、做好简单推理判断题。简单推理判断题要以表面文字为前提，以具体事实为依据进行推理，做出判断。这种推理方式比较直接，只要弄清事实，即可结合常识推断出合理的结论。
